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Aircraft ordnance

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Weapons used by aircraft
Grumman A-6 Intruder (A2F-1)attack aircraft displaying its weapons array, 1962
US NavyBoeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornetmultirole combat aircraft illustrating its array of weapons-type capabilities;All Hands magazine of the US Navy 1997
B-52H Stratofortress subsonicstrategic bomber displaying its weapons array, 2006

Aircraft ordnance orordnance (in the context ofmilitary aviation) is any expendable weaponry (e.g.bombs,missiles,rockets andgunammunition) used bymilitary aircraft. The term is often used when describing thepayload ofair-to-ground weaponry that can be carried by the aircraft or the weight that has been dropped in combat.[citation needed] Aircraft ordnance also includesair-to-air,anti-ship andanti-submarine weapons.

Some aircraft types can carry a wide variety of ordnance – for example, theFairchild AU-23 Peacemaker could use forward-firinggun pods, 500 and 250 pound bombs,napalm units,cluster bomb units, flares, rockets, smoke grenades andpropaganda leaflet dispensers.[1]

Ordnance can be carried in abomb bay or hung from ahardpoint.

For many weapons there is a limit to the length of time they can be flown (e.g. because of vibration damage); after this their safety or effectiveness is not guaranteed. This can be a problem if weapons designed for high intensity conflict are carried on multiple missions in a longcounter-insurgency campaign.[2]

History

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Guidance

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Airman inspecting aJoint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) after being loaded onto anF-22 Raptor
A crew member of a BritishSS 'Z' Class airship about to throw a bomb from the rear cockpit of the gondola.

Ordnance can be divided intoguided andunguided categories based on their targeting capabilities.Guided ordnance, such asPrecision-guided munitions(PGMs), use advanced technologies likeGPS,infared,radar orlaser tracking to precisely hit designated targets.[3][4][5]Unguided ordnance, commonly known as "dumb bombs," lack guidance systems and rely on the aircraft’s release parameters to strike a target. Though less accurate, unguided bombs are often used for area strikes and are more cost-effective.[5]

Air-to-Ground vs. Air-to-Air Ordnance

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This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2024)

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Factsheets : Fairchild AU-23A". Nationalmuseum.af.mil. Archived fromthe original on 2014-01-05. Retrieved2013-11-16.
  2. ^De-classified summary of conference at UKJoint Services Command and Staff College reported inAerospace International (magazine) March 2011 page 24
  3. ^"Guest Editor's Introduction: Homing Missile Guidance and Control"(PDF).jhuapl.edu.
  4. ^"Laser-Guided Bombs - Building LGB Capability".www.sps-aviation.com. Retrieved2024-11-16.
  5. ^ab"Precision-guided munitions".www.baesystems.com. Retrieved2024-11-16.
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