Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム

Jump to content

Aerospace Data Facility-East

Add links

Coordinates:38°44′10″N77°9′30″W / 38.73611°N 77.15833°W /38.73611; -77.15833

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Reconnaissance satellite ground station on the US East Coast

Aerospace Data Facility-East
Part ofFort Belvoir
Fairfax County, Virginia

Site information
Type	Satellite ground station
Owner	United States Army
Controlled by	National Reconnaissance Office
Location

Coordinates	38°44′10″N77°9′30″W / 38.73611°N 77.15833°W /38.73611; -77.15833
Site history
In use	1977–present
Garrison information
Current commander	Col. Nicholas Martin

Aerospace Data Facility-East (ADF-E), also known asArea 58 and formerly known asDefense Communications Electronics Evaluation and Testing Activity (DCEETA), is one of threesatellite ground stations operated by theNational Reconnaissance Office (NRO) in thecontinental United States. Located atFort Belvoir, Virginia, the facility directs reconnaissance satellites and disseminates their intelligence to other U.S. government agencies.^[1]

Function

[edit]

ADF East is co-located with elements of theNational Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, the agency that operates U.S. space-based imagery constellation.^[2]^[3] AuthorsJames Bamford andJeffrey Richelson report that the site manages theKH-11 imagery spacecraft and theLacrosse radar imaging spacecraft.^[3]^[4]NASA engineer Ken Young, who visited the site as part of a plan for KH-11 to photographSTS-1, described its equipment as far more sophisticated than at his agency.^[5]

History

[edit]

First use

[edit]

The first documented use of material downloaded at ADF East was on January 21, 1977, when the acting director of Central IntelligenceE. Henry Knoche delivered reconnaissance satellite photographs that had been downloaded at ADF East to U.S. PresidentJimmy Carter.^[6]^{[verification needed]}

Y2K

[edit]

On the morning of January 1, 2000, a technical glitch caused by theY2K bug limited ADF East to 70 percent of its planned imagery satellite coverage.^[2] At a press conference on January 4, United States Deputy Secretary of DefenseJohn Hamre stated, "The problem wasn't with the satellite system – they were under positive control at all times. The problem was on the ground in the processing station."^[7]^[8]

Declassification

[edit]

The facility was declassified by the U.S. government in 2008.

On October 15, 2008, the NRO declassified its three Mission Ground Stations: ADF-East,ADF-Colorado, andADF-Southwest.^[1]^[9]^[10]^[11]

List of commanders

[edit]

This list isincomplete; you can help byadding missing items.(September 2022)

ColB. Edwin Wilson, September 2006 – April 2008
ColAnthony J. Cotton, April 2008 – July 2019
ColTodd J. Benson, July 2019 – July 2021^[12]
ColNikki Frankino, July 2021–June 2023^[13]
Col Nicholas Martin

References

[edit]

^^a ^bNational Reconnaissance Office, Mission Ground Station Declassification, Questions and Answers
^^a ^bLardner, Richard (January 13, 2000)."Pre-Y2K Problems Undercut Operation of U.S. Satellite Imagery Network". InsideDefense.com. Archived fromthe original on September 24, 2010. Retrieved2008-10-07.
^^a ^bRichelson, Jeffrey (1999).The U.S. Intelligence Community (4th ed.).Boulder, Colorado:Westview Press. pp. 171.ISBN 0813368936.
^Bamford, James (January 13, 1985)."America's Supersecret Eyes In Space".The New York Times.
^White, Rowland (2017-04-12)."The Spysat and the Shuttle".Air & Space. Retrieved2024-12-02.
^Burrows, William (1986).Deep Black: Space Espionage and National Security.New York:Random House. pp. 225–227.ISBN 0394541243.
^Garamone, Jim (January 3, 2000)."Y2K has little effect on military operations".Government Executive. Archived fromthe original on June 29, 2013. Retrieved2008-10-07.
^John Hamre (January 4, 2000)."DoD News Briefing".Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved2008-10-07.
^Day, Dwayne (June 1, 2009)."Look! Up in the air! No, down on the ground! The NRO's domestic ground stations".The Space Review.
^"National Reconnaissance Office Review and Redaction Guide"(PDF). Version 1.0. 2006: 31.{{cite journal}}:Cite journal requires|journal= (help)
^"NRO Releases Compendium of Declassified Data".Secrecy News (59). June 7, 2007. Retrieved2008-10-07.
^"Colonel Todd J. Benson, United States Air Force (bio)"(PDF).opce.uah.edu. March 2024. RetrievedOctober 3, 2024.
^https://www.spaceforce.mil/Biographies/Display/Article/4249787/nikki-r-frankino/

External links

[edit]

https://www.nsa.gov/about/locations

United States Space Force

Leadership

Oversight	House Armed Services Committee Strategic Forces subcommittee Senate Committee on Armed Services Strategic Forces subcommittee

Structure

Field commands	Space Futures Command Space Operations Command Commander Space Systems Command Commander Space Training and Readiness Command Commander
Component Field Commands	United States Space Forces – Central United States Space Forces – Europe and Africa United States Space Forces – Indo-Pacific United States Space Forces – Korea United States Space Forces – Space
Deltas	Space Delta 1 Mission Delta 2 Mission Delta 3 Mission Delta 4 Space Delta 5 Space Delta 6 Space Delta 7 Space Delta 8 Space Delta 9 Space Delta 10 Space Delta 11 Space Delta 12 Space Delta 13 Space Delta 15 Space Delta 18 Space Delta 21 Space Delta 23 Space Delta 26 Space Launch Delta 30 Mission Delta 31 Space Launch Delta 45 Space Base Delta 1 Space Base Delta 2 Space Base Delta 3
Squadrons	1st Delta Operations 319th Combat Training 328th Weapons 392d Combat Training 533rd Training 21st Operations Support 15th Space Surveillance 18th Space Defense 19th Space Defense 20th Space Surveillance 3rd Combat Training 4th EW 5th EW 16th EW 23rd EW 2nd Space Warning 3rd satellite Communications 5th Space Warning 6th Space Warning 7th Space Warning 10th Space Warning 11th Space Warning 12th Space Warning 13th Space Warning 55th Training 21st Space Operations 22nd Space Operations 23rd Space Operations 62nd Cyberspace 63rd Cyberspace 64th Cyberspace 65th Cyberspace 68th Cyberspace 69th Cyberspace 645th Cyberspace 71st ISR 72nd ISR 73rd ISR 74th ISR 75th ISR 76th ISR 1st Space Operations 2nd Navigation Warfare 3rd Space Operations 4th Space Operations 5th Space Operations 10th Space Operations 53rd Space Operations 527th Space Aggressor 1st Test and Evaluation 3rd Test and Evaluation 17th Test and Evaluation 25th Space Range 2nd Space Launch 5th Space Launch 1st Range Operations NSSI
Direct reporting units	Space Development Agency Space Rapid Capabilities Office Space Warfighting Analysis Center

Locations

Space Force Bases	Buckley Los Angeles Patrick Peterson Schriever Vandenberg
Space Bases	Pituffik
Space Force Stations	Cape Canaveral Cape Cod Cavalier Cheyenne Mountain Clear Kaena Point New Boston

Personnel
and training

History and
traditions

Former wings and deltas	21st Space Wing 50th Space Wing 460th Space Wing Space Training and Readiness Delta (Provisional)

Category

v t e National Reconnaissance Office
Current programs	Sentient (intelligence analysis system) (2009-unknown) SpaceX Starshield (2022-present) Silentbarker (2023-) Blackjack (2024-) Future Ground Architecture
Facilities & commands	Headquarters, Chantilly, VA National Reconnaissance Operations Center (NROC) RAF Menwith Hill Pine Gap Casa Grande Photogrammetric Test Range 222d Command and Control Squadron Aerospace Data Facilities Colorado, Buckley Space Force Base East, Virginia, Fort Belvoir Southwest, New Mexico, White Sands Missile Range
Technology & Science	Byeman Control System Dijkstra's algorithm Phased array radar Synthetic-aperture radar Tip and cue
Satellite lines & projects	Key Hole (1959-unknown) Discoverer 1 (1959) Corona (1959-1972) Samos (1960-1962) KH-5 Argon (1961-1964) Upward (1961-1972) Poppy (1962-1967) Samos-F (1962-1971) Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (1962-2014) Lanyard (1963) Zirconic (1963-) Gambit (1963-1967) Quill (1964) Gambit 3 (1966-1984) Canyon (1968-1977) Aquacade (1970-1978) Jumpseat (1971-1983) Hexagon (1971-1986) KENNEN (1976-unknown) Satellite Data System (1976-2017) Naval Ocean Surveillance System (1976-2025) Vortex (1978-1989) Magnum (1985-1989) Lacrosse (1988-2005) Prowler (1990) Misty (1990-2012) Trumpet (1994-1997) Mercury (1994-1998) SLDCOM (1994-unknown) Orion (1995-) FORTE (1997) Discoverer II (1998-2000) STEX (1998) Enhanced Imaging System (1999) Future Imagery Architecture (1999-2018) Zuma (2018)
People	Christopher Scolese (Director) Betty J. Sapp Brian Patrick Regan William Kampiles Leadership of the National Reconnaissance Office
History	Chronology of the National Reconnaissance Office List of NRO launches USA-193 USA-225 USA-234 USA-276 2012 National Reconnaissance Office space telescope donation to NASA Multiple Mirror Telescope 6594th Test Group
Past programs	Manned Orbiting Laboratory NEMESIS (High Altitude) RAVEN (High Altitude) SIGINT High Altitude Replenishment Program (SHARP)
Founders	William O. Baker Merton E. Davies Sidney Drell Richard L. Garwin Amrom Harry Katz James R. Killian Edwin H. Land Frank W. Lehan William J. Perry Edward M. Purcell