Adolf Grünbaum | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1923-05-15)May 15, 1923 |
| Died | November 15, 2018(2018-11-15) (aged 95) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Wesleyan University (BA) Yale University (PhD) |
| Era | Contemporary philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School | Analytic |
| Thesis | The Philosophy of Continuity: A Philosophical Interpretation of the Metrical Continuum of Physical Events in the Light of Contemporary Mathematical Conceptions (1951) |
| Doctoral advisors | Carl Gustav Hempel |
| Doctoral students | Bas van Fraassen |
Main interests | Philosophy of science,philosophy of physics, philosophy ofpsychoanalysis |
Notable ideas | Mind-dependence oftemporal becoming |
Adolf Grünbaum (/ˈɡruːnbɔːm/;German:[ˈɡʁyːnbaʊm]; May 15, 1923 – November 15, 2018) was a German-Americanphilosopher of science and a critic of bothpsychoanalysis andKarl Popper's philosophy of science. He was the first Andrew Mellon Professor of Philosophy at theUniversity of Pittsburgh from 1960 until his death, and also served as co-chairman of itsCenter for Philosophy of Science (from 1978), research professor of psychiatry (from 1979), and primary research professor in the department of history and philosophy of science (from 2006). His works includePhilosophical Problems of Space and Time (1963),The Foundations of Psychoanalysis (1984), andValidation in the Clinical Theory of Psychoanalysis (1993).
Being Jewish, Adolf Grünbaum's family leftNazi Germany in 1938 and emigrated to the United States.[1][2] Grünbaum received a B.A. with twofold High Distinction in philosophy and in mathematics fromWesleyan University,Middletown,Connecticut, in 1943.
During the Second World War, Grünbaum was trained at Camp Ritchie, Maryland, and thus was one of theRitchie Boys. He was stationed in Berlin and interrogated highly placed Nazis, returning to the United States in 1946.[3]
Grünbaum obtained both his M.S. in physics (1948) and his PhD in philosophy (1951) fromYale University. He was a chaired professor of philosophy atLehigh University,Bethlehem, Pennsylvania (1956–1960), after rising through the ranks there, starting in 1950, becoming a full professor in 1955.
In the fall of 1960, Grünbaum left Lehigh University to join the faculty of theUniversity of Pittsburgh, where he became the first Andrew Mellon Professor of Philosophy. In that year, he also became the founding director of that University's Center for Philosophy of Science, serving as director until 1978. He and the colleagues he recruited then built world-classphilosophy andhistory and philosophy of science departments at the university. Several of these colleagues had come fromYale University's philosophy department, starting in 1962. During this recruitment period the University of Pittsburgh appointedNicholas Rescher,Wilfrid Sellars, Richard Gale,Nuel Belnap,Alan Ross Anderson, and Gerald Massey, among others.
Grünbaum served as president of both theAmerican Philosophical Association (Eastern Division) and thePhilosophy of Science Association (two terms). He was the director of theCenter for Philosophy of Science from 1960 to 1978.[4] He was the president of theDivision of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science of theInternational Union of History and Philosophy of Science (IUHPS) in 2004–2005 and then automatically became president of the IUHPS from 2006 to 2007. He was also a Fellow of theAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciences.
He received the Senior U.S. Scientist Prize from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Germany, 1985), the Fregene Prize for science from the Italian Parliament (1998) and theWilbur Lucius Cross Medal for outstanding achievement fromYale University (1990). Also, in May 1995, he received an honorary doctorate from theUniversity of Konstanz inGermany. In 2013, he received an honorary doctorate of philosophy from theUniversity of Cologne and theGroßes Bundesverdienstkreuz from theFederal Republic of Germany.[1]
In April 2013 Grünbaum resigned from the department of philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh, while retaining his lifetime tenured Mellon Chair and all of his other affiliations at that university.[5]
He died in November 2018 at the age of 95.[6]
Grünbaum was the author of nearly 400 articles and book chapters as well as books on space-time and the critique of psychoanalysis. He is often viewed as part of the American brand oflogical empiricism, associated especially withHans Reichenbach.[7]
Grünbaum did not embrace the prevailing — especially among physical scientists —Popperian philosophy of science, leading to some notoriety in the 1960s after he was ridiculed in print by the physicistRichard Feynman.[8] A much-quoted exchange followed Grünbaum's neo-Leibnizian suggestion that theflow of time might be an illusion only in conscious entities, in which Feynman asked whether dogs, then cockroaches, were sufficiently conscious entities.[9] Reportedly as a mark of further disdain,[10] Feynman refused to let his name be printed, becoming instead the easily recognizable "Mr. X".[8]
Some 40 years later, writerJim Holt would characterize Grünbaum as, in the 1950s, "the foremost thinker about the subtleties of space and time," and as, by the 2000s, "arguably the greatest living philosopher of science." Holt portrays a rationalist Grünbaum who rejects any hint of mysteriousness in the cosmos (a "great rejector").[11]
For more complete publication details see theFull Bibliography of Prof. Adolf Grünbaum (2017).
Three celebratory books ("Festschrift" volumes) dealing with his work have been published to date:
