TheDutch East Indies was aDutch colony consisting of what is now mostly the modern state ofIndonesia. TheAnglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, which cededDutch Malacca, a governorate of the Dutch East Indies that was transferred to Great Britain has consolidated modern-day rule to theMalacca state ofMalaysia. It was divided into three governorates, namely theGreat East,Borneo (Kalimantan) andSumatra, and into three provinces inJava. Provinces and governorates were further divided into residencies. Residencies under the provinces were divided intoregencies (Dutch:regentschappen), and residencies under governorates were divided into departments (Dutch:Afdeelingen, modern spellingafdelingen) and then further intoregentschappen.[1]
The following list is the divisions of the Dutch East Indies in 1942, prior to theJapanese occupation inWorld War II.
In 1938, all of the various Residencies and Gouvernements in Sumatra were reorganized under the newGouvernement of Sumatra.[2]
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Atjèh en Onderhoorigheden | Aceh | Atjeh and Dependencies Residency | 1,003,062 | 55392.23 | Aceh, comprising the divisions (afdeeling) ofGroot-Atjèh,Noordkust van Atjèh,Oostkust van Atjèh andWestkust van Atjèh. | State of Trumon |
| Residentie Tapanoeli | Tapanuli | Tapanoeli Residency | 1,042,583 | 39076.87 | western part ofNorth Sumatra, consisting of the divisions (afdeeling) ofSibolga en Omstreken,Nias en omliggend eiland,Bataklanden andPadang Sidempoean | none |
| Residentie Oostkust van Sumatra | Sumatra Timur | Sumatra's East Coast Residency | 1,693,200 | 94583.25 | eastern part ofNorth Sumatra and northern part ofRiau, consisting of the divisions (afdeeling) ofLangkat,Deli en Serdang,Asahan,Simaloengoen en Karolanden andBengkalis; and with the municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofMedan,Bindjai,Tebing Tinggi,Tandjoengbalai andPematangsiantar | Langkat Sultanate,Deli Sultanate,Serdang Sultanate,Asahan Sultanate,Panei Sultanate,Siak Sultanate, andPelalawan Sultanate |
| Residentie Sumatra's Westkust | Sumatra Barat | Sumatra's West Coast Residency | 1,910,298 | 49778.10 | West Sumatra includingMentawai Islands, consisting of the divisions (afdeeling) ofTanah Datar,Agam,Solok,Limapoeloe Koto, andZuid Benedenlanden; and with the municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofPadang,Fort de Kock, andSawahloento | none |
| Residentie Riouw en Onderhoorigheden | Riau | Riouw and Dependencies Residency | 298,225 | 31668.44 | southern part ofRiau andRiau Islands, consisting of the divisions (afdeeling) ofIndragiri andTandjoengpinang | Indragiri Sultanate |
| Residentie Djambi | Jambi | Djambi Residency | 245,272 | 44923.76 | Jambi, consisting of the division (afdeeling) ofDjambi | none |
| Residentie Benkoelen | Bengkulu | Benkoelen Residency | 323,123 | 26249.39 | Bengkulu, consisting of the division (afdeeling) ofBenkoelen | none |
| Residentie Palembang | Palembang | Palembang Residency | 1,098,725 | 86355.65 | South Sumatra, consist of the divisions (afdeeling) ofPalembang Bovenlanden,Palembang Benedenlanden, andOgan en Komering-oeloe; and with the municipality (stadsgemeente) ofPalembang | none |
| Residentie Bangka en Onderhoorigheden | Bangka | Bangka and Dependencies Residency | 278,792 | 16774.70 | Bangka and Belitung Islands, consisting of the divisions (afdeeling) ofBangka andBilliton | none |
| Residentie Lampongsche Districten | Lampung | Lampong Districts Residency | 361,563 | 28783.74 | Lampung, consisting of the division (afdeeling) ofTeloekbetoeng | none |
Java comprised three provinces,[citation needed] West, Middle and East Java, the boundaries of which were similar to the island's pre-2000 boundaries.[citation needed]
Under control ofGovernorate of West Java (Gouvernement West-Java)
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Bantam | Banten | Bantam Residency | 1,028,628 | n/a | Banten consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofSerang,Lebak andPandeglang | none |
| Residentie Batavia | Betawi | Batavia Residency | 2,637,035 | n/a | Jakarta and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofBatavia (includesTangerang and its surroundingcity andregency),Meester-Cornelis (includes most of currentWest Jakarta andBekasi) andKrawang (includesPurwakarta); with municipality (stadsgemeente) ofBatavia | none |
| Residentie Buitenzorg | Bogor | Buitenzorg Residency | 2,212,997 | n/a | Bogor, Sukabumi and Cianjur, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofBuitenzorg,Soekaboemi andTjiandjoer; with municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofBuitenzorg andSoekaboemi | none |
| Residentie Preanger-Regentschappen | Priangan | Preanger Regencies Residency | 3,448,796 | n/a | Bandung and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofBandoeng,Soemedang,Tasikmalaja,Tjiamis andGaroet; with municipality (stadsgemeente) ofBandoeng | none |
| Residentie Cheribon | Cirebon | Cheribon Residency | 2,069,690 | n/a | Cirebon and surroundings, consisting of regencies (regentschap) ofCheribon,Koeningan,Indramajoe andMadjalengka; and with the municipality (stadsgemeente) ofCheribon | none |
Under control ofGovernorate of Middle Java (Gouvernement Midden-Java):
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Pekalongan | Pekalongan | Pekalongan Residency | 2,640,124 | n/a | Pekalongan,Tegal and surroundings, consisting of regencies (regentschap) ofPekalongan,Batang,Pemalang,Tegal andBrebes; and with the municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofPekalongan andTegal | none |
| Residentie Banjoemas | Banyumas | Banjoemas Residency | 2,474,447 | n/a | Banyumas,Purwokerto and surroundings, consist of the regencies (regentschap) ofBanjoemas,Poerwokerto,Tjilatjap andBandjarnegara | none |
| Residentie Kedoe | Kedu | Kedoe Residency | 2,129,894 | n/a | Magelang and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofMagelang,Wonosobo,Temanggoeng,Poerworedjo andKeboemen; and with the municipality (stadsgemeente) ofMagelang | none |
| Residentie Samarang | Semarang | Semarang Residency | 2,020,684 | n/a | TheSemarang metropolitan area (Kedungsepur), consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofSamarang,Kendal,Demak andGrobogan; and with the municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofSamarang andSalatiga | none |
| Residentie Djepara-Rembang | Jepara-Rembang | Djepara-Rembang Residency | 1,876,480 | n/a | Jepara,Rembang and surroundings, consisting of regencies (regentschap) ofPati,Djepara,Rembang,Blora andKoedoes | none |
Under control ofGovernorate of East Java (Gouvernement Oost-Java):
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Madioen | Madiun | Madioen Residency | 1,909,801 | n/a | Madiun and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofMadioen,Magetan,Ngawi,Ponorogo andPatjitan; and with the municipality (stadsgemeente) ofMadioen | none |
| Residentie Bodjonegoro | Bojonegoro | Bodjonegoro Residency | 1,986,129 | n/a | Bojonegoro and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofBodjonegoro,Toeban andLamongan | none |
| Residentie Kediri | Kediri | Kediri Residency | 2,469,955 | n/a | Kediri and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofKediri,Ngandjoek,Blitar andToeloengagoeng; and with the municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofKediri andBlitar | none |
| Residentie Soerabaja | Surabaya | Soerabaja Residency | 1,902,953 | n/a | TheSurabaya metropolitan area, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofSoerabaja,Sidoardjo,Modjokerto andDjombang; and with the municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofSoerabaja andModjokerto | none |
| Residentie Malang | Malang | Malang Residency | 2,741,105 | n/a | Malang,Probolinggo and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofMalang,Pasoeroean,Probolinggo andLoemadjang; and with the municipalities (stadsgemeente) ofMalang,Pasoeroean andProbolinggo | none |
| Residentie Besoeki | Besuki | Besoeki Residency | 2,083,309 | n/a | Banyuwangi and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofBondowoso,Panaroekan,Djember andBanjoewangi | none |
| Residentie Madoera | Madura | Madoera Residency | 1,962,462 | n/a | Madura, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofBangkalan,Pamekasan andSoemenep | none |
In 1938 both of these Residencies were again united in aGovernorate of Borneo (Gouvernement van Borneo) with its capital atBanjarmasin.
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Westerafdeeling van Borneo | Kalimantan Barat | Western Afdeelings of Borneo Residency | 802,447 | n/a | West Kalimantan, consisting of the Afdeelingen ofSingkawang,Pontianak,Ketapang andSintang | Sambas Sultanate,Pontianak Sultanate,Lordship of Koeboe,Lordship of Landak,Lordship of Mampawa,Lordship of Matan,Lordship of Sanggau,Lordship of Sekadau,Lordship of Selimbau,Lordship of Simpang,Lordship of Sintang,Lordship of Soekadana andLordship of Tajan |
| Residentie Zuider en Oosterafdeeling van Borneo | Kalimantan Selatan dan Timur | Southern and Eastern Afdeelings of Borneo Residency | 1,366,214 | n/a | Central Kalimantan,South Kalimantan,East Kalimantan andNorth Kalimantan, consisting of the afdeelingen ofKoeala Kapoeas,Bandjermasin,Hoeloe Soengei,Samarinda andBoeloengan en Berau; with the municipality (stadsgemeente) ofBandjermasin | Principality of Kota Waringin,Principality of Pasir,Koetei Sultanate,Boeloengan Sultanate,Sambalioeng Sultanate,Goenoeng Taboer Sultanate |
The governorate of theGreat East (Dutch: 'Gouvernement Groote Oost') was created in 1938. It comprised the islands to the east of Borneo and Java, including theLesser Sunda Islands,Sulawesi,Maluku andWestern New Guinea.
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Bali en Lombok | Bali dan Lombok | Bali and Lombok Residency | 1,802,683 | n/a | Bali andLombok, consisting of the divisions (afdeeling) ofSingaradja,Zuid Bali andLombok | Kloengkoeng Kingdom with primacy over several small states in Bali and Lombok |
| Residentie Timor en Onderhoorigheden | Timor | Timor and Dependencies Residency | 1,657,376 | n/a | West Nusa Tenggara East of Lombok andEast Nusa Tenggara, consisting of the divisions (afdeeling) ofSoembawa,Soemba,Flores andTimor en eilanden | Soembawa Sultanate,Bima Sultanate and several small states |
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Celebes en Onderhoorigheden | Sulawesi | Celebes and Dependencies Residency | 3,093,251 | n/a | South Sulawesi,West Sulawesi andSoutheast Sulawesi, consisting of the afdeelingen ofSoenggoeminasa,Bonthain,Makassar,Bone,Parepare,Mandar, andLoewoe,Boetoeng en Laiwoei and with the municipality (stadsgemeente) ofMakassar | Gowa Sultanate,Boetoeng SultanateLordship of Banggai,Lordship of Bone,Lordship of Loewoe,Lordship of Sidenreng,Lordship of Soppeng,Lordship of Wadjo,Lordship of Moena and other smaller states |
| Residentie Menado | Manado | Manado Residency | 1,138,665 | n/a | Central Sulawesi,Gorontalo, andNorth Sulawesi, consisting of the afdeelingen ofPoso,Donggala,Gorontalo,Menado, andSangihe en Talaud eiland with the municipality (stadsgemeente) ofMenado | none |
In 1922 with the dissolution ofResidentie Ternate toResidentie Amboina,Residentie Amboina was renamed toResidentie Molukken. In 1935, theresidentie was renamed toGovernorate of the Moluccas (Gouvernement Molukken) until the creation ofGouvernement Groote Oost in 1938, in whichGouvernement Molukken becameresidentie again.
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Department | ||||
| Afdeeling Ternate | Ternate | Ternate Afdeeling | 560,013 | n/a | North Maluku | Ternate Sultanate,Tidore Sultanate andBatjan Sultanate |
| Afdeeling Amboina | Ambon | Amboina Afdeeling | 560,013 (with Tual) | n/a | Maluku | at least a small state,State of Amahusu |
| Afdeeling Toeal | Tual | Afdeeling of Tual | 0 | n/a | Southeast Maluku | none |
| Afdeeling Nieuw-Guinea | (Dutch) New Guinea | New Guinea Afdeeling | 333,387(with South New-Guinea) | n/a | West Papua andPapua | none |
| Afdeeling Zuid Nieuw-Guinea | (Dutch) Southern New Guinea | South New Guinea Afdeeling | 0 | n/a | Southern part ofWest Papua andPapua | State of Kaimana |
The governorate of Malacca (Gouvernement Malacca) was a part of the Dutch East Indies (1818-1825), before finally handing it toUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland based onAnglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824.
| Name | Population (1824) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Malacca | Melaka | Malacca Residency | ~40,000 | 1664 | Malacca City and surroundings, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofMelaka Tengah,Jasin andAlor Gajah | Sultanate of Johor |
Vorstenlanden were four native states on the island ofJava in theNetherlands Indies that were nominally self-governing undersuzerainty of theKingdom of the Netherlands. Their political autonomy was however severely constrained by treaties and settlements. Two of them were the Governorate of Djokjakarta and the Governorate of Soerakarta, which controlled theResidentie Djokjakarta and theResidenties of Soerakarta and Klaten respectively.
| Name | Population (1930) | Area (km2) | Modern area | Princely state(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dutch name | Local name | Residency | ||||
| Residentie Djokjakarta | Yogyakarta | Djokjakarta Residency | 1,559,027 | n/a | Yogyakarta, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofAdikarto,Pakoealaman,Koelon-Progo,Jogjakarta,Bantoel andGoenoeng-Kidul | Jogjakarta Sultanate andDuchy of Pakoe Alaman |
| Residentie Soerakarta | Surakarta | Soerakarta Residency | 2,564,848 (with Klaten) | n/a | Surakarta, consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofSragen,Soerakarta,Kota Mangkoenagaran andWonogiri | Soerakarta Sunanate andDuchy of Mangkoe Negaran |
| Residentie Klaten | Klaten | Klaten Residency | 0 | n/a | consisting of the regencies (regentschap) ofKlaten andBojolali | Soerakarta Sunanate |