Adama Nazareth | |
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City | |
    _(cropped).jpg) From top:Addis Ababa-Dire Dawa Road; Saint Mary's Ethiopian Orthodox Church; Oromia Martyrs Monument;Adama City;Addis Ababa–Adama Expressway | |
  Adama Location within Ethiopia Show map of Ethiopia Adama Location within the Horn of Africa Show map of Horn of Africa Adama Location within Africa Show map of Africa | |
| Coordinates:08°32′29″N39°16′08″E / 8.54139°N 39.26889°E /8.54139; 39.26889 | |
| Country |  Ethiopia |
| Region |  Oromia |
| Zone | East Shewa |
| Elevation | 1,712 m (5,617 ft) |
| Population (2007)[1] | |
• Total | 220,212 |
• Estimate (2021)[2] | 435,222 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
| Area code | (+251) 22 |
| Climate | Aw |
Adama (Oromo:Adaamaa,Amharic: አዳማ), formerlyNazreth (Amharic:ናዝሬት),[3] is one of the cities ofOromia Region ofEthiopia.[4][5][needs update?] Located in theEast Shewa Zone 99 km (62 mi) southeast of the capital,Addis Ababa, the city sits between the base of anescarpment to the west, and theGreat Rift Valley to the east.
Adama is a busy transportation center. The city is situated along the road that connectsAddis Ababa withDire Dawa. A large number of trucks use this same route to travel to and from theseaports ofDjibouti andAsseb (though the latter is not currently used by Ethiopia, following theEritrean-Ethiopian War). Additionally, the newAddis Ababa-Djibouti Railway runs through Adama.[5][6][7][8]
Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU) (formerly Nazareth Technique College) is located in Adama.Adama Stadium is the home ofAdama City FC, a member of theEthiopian Football Federation league.
The city name Adama may have been derived from theOromo wordadaamii, which means a cactus or a cactus-like tree.[9] More specifically,adaamii meansEuphorbia candelabrum,[10] a tree of the spurge family, whilehadaamii would meanIndian fig.[11]FollowingWorld War II,EmperorHaile Selassie renamed the town afterBiblical Nazareth, and this name was used for the remainder of the twentieth century.[7] In 2000, the city officially reverted to its originalOromo name, Adama,[7][12] though Nazareth is still widely used.[13]
In 2000, the government moved the regional capital of Oromia fromAddis Ababa to Adama,[7] sparking considerable controversy. Critics of the move believed that the Ethiopian government wished to deemphasize Addis Ababa's location within Oromia.[14][15] On the other hand, the government maintained that Addis Ababa "has been found inconvenient from the point of view of developing the language, culture and history of the Oromo people".[13]
On 10 June 2005, theOromo Peoples' Democratic Organization (OPDO), part of the rulingEPRDF coalition, officially announced plans to move the regional capital back to Addis Ababa.[16]
Based on the 2007 Census conducted by theCentral Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this city has a total population of 220,212, an increase of 72.25% over the population recorded in the 1994 census, of whom 108,872 are men and 111,340 women. With an area of 29.86 square kilometers, Adama has a population density of 7,374.82; all are urban inhabitants. A total of 60,174 households were counted in this city, which results in an average of 3.66 persons to a household, and 59,431 housing units. The four largest ethnic groups reported in Adama were theOromo (39.02%), theAmhara (34.53%), theGurage (11.98%) and theSilte (5.02%); all other ethnic groups made up 9.45% of the population.Amharic was spoken as a first language by 59.25%, 26.25% spokeOromo and 6.28% spokeGuragiegna; the remaining 8.22% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants said they practicedEthiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 63.62% of the population reporting they observed this belief, while 24.7% of the population wereMuslim, and 10.57% wereProtestant.[1]
The 1994 national census reported this town had a total population of 127,842 of whom 61,965 were males and 65,877 were females.
Adama is a busy transportation center. The city is situated along the road that connectsAddis Ababa withDire Dawa. A large number of trucks use this same route to travel to and from theseaports ofDjibouti andAsseb (though the latter is not currently used by Ethiopia, following theEritrean-Ethiopian War). Additionally, the newAddis Ababa-Djibouti Railway runs through Adama.[5][6][7][8]
TheAdama University was founded in 1993.
Among theplaces of worship, they are predominantly foundChristian churches and temples (Oriental Orthodox:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church,Muslim mosques and madresas;Protestant:Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus,Evangelical Christian:Kale Heywet Word of Life Church,Full Gospel Believers Church,Catholic:Ethiopian Catholic Archeparchy of Addis Abeba).[17]
Adama Stadium is the home ofAdama City FC, a member of theEthiopian Football Federation league.
Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate astropical wet and dry (Aw).
| Climate data forWenji Gefersa/Adama, elevation 1,540 m (5,050 ft), (1971–2000) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26.3 (79.3) | 27.3 (81.1) | 28.9 (84.0) | 29.0 (84.2) | 30.0 (86.0) | 29.2 (84.6) | 26.1 (79.0) | 25.6 (78.1) | 26.8 (80.2) | 27.2 (81.0) | 26.2 (79.2) | 25.6 (78.1) | 27.4 (81.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 11.5 (52.7) | 13.1 (55.6) | 14.8 (58.6) | 15.3 (59.5) | 15.5 (59.9) | 16.7 (62.1) | 16.3 (61.3) | 16.1 (61.0) | 15.4 (59.7) | 12.0 (53.6) | 11.0 (51.8) | 10.8 (51.4) | 14.0 (57.3) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 11.0 (0.43) | 20.0 (0.79) | 43.0 (1.69) | 52.0 (2.05) | 62.0 (2.44) | 67.0 (2.64) | 189.0 (7.44) | 196.0 (7.72) | 96.0 (3.78) | 24.0 (0.94) | 13.0 (0.51) | 5.0 (0.20) | 778 (30.63) |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 55 | 54 | 51 | 56 | 54 | 55 | 70 | 70 | 68 | 56 | 55 | 56 | 58 |
| Source: FAO[18] | |||||||||||||
Adama istwinned with:
The name was changed from Adama (Hadama) to Nazret (Nazareth) a little before 1948. This belonged to a general pattern of introducing Christian names instead of traditional Oromo names.
The Franco-Ethiopian railway company in 1960-1963 carried out surveys for extending the railway with a 310 km line from Nazret to Dilla.
Media related toAdama at Wikimedia Commons
Adama travel guide from Wikivoyage| International | |
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