Acland | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
_(2006).jpg) Acland No. 2 Colliery, 2006 | |||||||||||||
  Acland | |||||||||||||
| Coordinates:27°18′17″S151°41′25″E / 27.3047°S 151.6902°E /-27.3047; 151.6902 (Acland (town centre)) | |||||||||||||
| Country | Australia | ||||||||||||
| State | Queensland | ||||||||||||
| LGA | |||||||||||||
| Location |
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| Established | 1912 | ||||||||||||
| Government | |||||||||||||
| • State electorate | |||||||||||||
| • Federal division | |||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||
• Total | 38.3 km2 (14.8 sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||
| • Total | 3 (SAL2021)[2] | ||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+10:00 (AEST) | ||||||||||||
| Postcode | 4401 | ||||||||||||
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Acland is a rural town andlocality in theToowoomba Region,Queensland, Australia.[3][4] In the2021 census, the locality of Acland had a population of 3 people.[5]
Originally built to support what would become Queensland's oldest continuously worked coal mine, the town had a population of between 200 and 400 prior to the mine being shut down in 1984. In 2008 almost all properties comprising the town were purchased by the new mine operators with the intention that they be demolished as the open cut mine expands into the town site. By 2009 there was only one remaining resident, Glenn Beutel, who had refused the company's offer to purchase his property.
Acland is north ofOakey, on theDarling Downs, 160 kilometres (100 mi) west ofQueensland's state capital,Brisbane.
It lies in pasture country where there has been some dairy farming, horse breeding and coal mining.[6][7] Rainfall was measured at the post office between 1912 and 1993, recording an average annual rainfall of 690 millimetres (27 in).[8]
The town of Acland is believed to be named by then Commission of Railways, Charles Barnard Evans, whose mother's maiden was Acland.[9][10] It was originally known as Lagoon Creek.[11]
Lagoon Creek Provisional School opened on 22 July 1885. On 1 January 1909 it became Lagoon Creek State School. From 1915 to 1920 it was called Acland State School. It closed on 31 August 1930.[12]
Acland town developed following themining of coal in the area by the Acland Coal Company.[13] The town had a police officer by 1913, at which time there was also a primary school nearby, known as Lagoon Creek.[14] Acland Railway Station Post Office opened on 1 May 1913. It was replaced by Acland Post Office in 1969, which closed October 1998.[15][16]
Acland State School opened on 28 February 1921. A declining population meant the primary school had just 12 students by 2004 and it was mothballed in December 2004.[17] It was permanently closed on 24 August 2005.[12][18] The school faced Allen Street and was bounded by Allen Street, William Street, Bellevue Street and South Streets (27°18′19″S151°41′30″E / 27.3054°S 151.6918°E /-27.3054; 151.6918 (Acland State School (former))).[19][20][21]
The Acland number two colliery opened in 1929,[22] and in the 1940s and 1950s it employed 52 people.[13]
On Saturday 8 December 1952, most of the buildings in the town were damaged by a tornado.[23] The Anglican Church, the Presbyterian Church, the public hall and butcher's shop were all destroyed beyond repair.[24][25]
St Jude's Anglican Church was dedicated on 21 June 1953 by Reverend Rupert Warner Shand. The church had been rebuilt after the previous church was destroyed by the tornado in December 1952.[26] Its closure on 5 December 2006 was approved by Venerable G. F. Harch, Archdeacon of The Downs.[27] In June 2015, it was relocated to theJondaryan Woolshed to be used as a wedding chapel there.[28][29][30]
By 1971, with demand for coal for transport in decline, Acland was home to the only remaining coalmine on the Darling Downs.[22] The mine was Queensland's "oldest and smallest continuously worked coal mine" at the time of its closure in 1984.[31] The oldcolliery is state heritage-listed, being "the most intact mine site of its age and type in Queensland".[22][32] From the mine's closure in 1984, to the sale of the site to theShire of Rosalie in 2000, the workings were operated as a mining museum by Kath and John Greenhalgh, the owners of the farm on which the mine was located.[22] In September 2006 Kath & John Greenhalgh sold the land to New Acland Pastoral Company.[33]
In the 1980s Acland was a six-time winner of the QueenslandTidy Town Award for towns with a population between 200 and 400,[23] and the inaugural overall Tidy Town prize in 1989.[31]
In 1999,New Hope Coal moved into the area and established theNew Acland Mine, an open cut coal mine that since 2005 has been New Hope's main coal producing operation.[34] Anticipating major expansion, the company began to purchase houses in Acland in advance of the area becoming anopen cut mine pit, expected to produce 10 million tonnes of coal each year. Ahead of the mine's development, severalQueensland bottle trees were prepared for transplantation to the new National Arboretum inCanberra.[35]
Acland reported a population of just 53 in the2006 census.[36]
In December 2008 Glenn Beutel was the only remaining homeowner, having rejected the company's offer to purchase his house.[13] In mid-2010 Beutel continued to resist the company's offers, and was reported to still be maintaining the local park established by his parents.[37][38] On Monday 4 June 2012, during a live broadcast ofABC TV showQ&A fromToowoomba'sEmpire Theatre, a question was asked by an audience member which made reference to Glenn Beutel being the last resident of Acland.[39]
In the2016 census, the locality of Acland had a population of 32 people.[40]
In the2021 census, the locality of Acland had a population of 3 people.[5]
Acland has a number ofheritage-listed sites, including:
There are no schools in Acland. The nearest government primary schools areJondaryan State School in neighbouringJondaryan to the south-east,Oakey State School inOakey to the south,Goombungee State School inGoombungee to the east, andKulpi State School inKulpi to the north-west. The nearest government secondary school isOakey State High School in Oakey to the south.[21]
Australian radio broadcaster,Alan Jones attended Acland State School from 1946.[17][42]
