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Abdul Hadi Awang | |
|---|---|
| عبدالهادي أواڠ | |
Abdul Hadi in 2024 | |
| 11th Menteri Besar of Terengganu | |
| In office 2 December 1999 – 25 March 2004 | |
| Monarch | Mizan Zainal Abidin |
| Preceded by | Wan Mokhtar Ahmad |
| Succeeded by | Idris Jusoh |
| Constituency | Ru Rendang |
| 8th Leader of the Opposition | |
| In office 9 September 2002 – 2 March 2004 | |
| Monarch | Syed Sirajuddin |
| Prime Minister |
|
| Preceded by | Fadzil Noor |
| Succeeded by | Lim Kit Siang |
| Constituency | Marang |
| 7th President of the Malaysian Islamic Party | |
| Assumed office 12 June 2002[1] (Acting: 12 June 2002 – 12/14 September 2003) | |
| Deputy |
|
| Spiritual Leader |
|
| Preceded by | Fadzil Noor |
| Member of theMalaysian Parliament forMarang | |
| Assumed office 8 March 2008 | |
| Preceded by | Abdul Rahman Bakar (BN–UMNO) |
| Majority | |
| In office 21 October 1990 – 21 March 2004 | |
| Preceded by | Abdul Rahman Bakar (BN–UMNO) |
| Succeeded by | Abdul Rahman Bakar (BN–UMNO) |
| Majority | |
| Member of theTerengganu State Legislative Assembly forRu Rendang | |
| In office 3 August 1986 – 9 May 2018 | |
| Preceded by | New constituency |
| Succeeded by | Ahmad Samsuri Mokhtar (PAS) |
| Majority | |
| Member of theTerengganu State Legislative Assembly for Marang | |
| In office 22 April 1982 – 3 August 1986 | |
| Preceded by | Tengku Zahid Musa (BN-UMNO) |
| Succeeded by | Constituency abolished |
| Majority | 133 (1982) |
| Other Positions | |
| 2020–2022 | Special Envoy of Malaysia to theMiddle East |
| Faction represented inDewan Rakyat | |
| 1990–2004 | Malaysian Islamic Party |
| 2008–2020 | Malaysian Islamic Party |
| 2020– | Perikatan Nasional |
| Faction represented in the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly | |
| 1982–2018 | Malaysian Islamic Party |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Abdul Hadi bin Awang (1947-10-20)20 October 1947 (age 78) |
| Citizenship | Malaysia |
| Political party | PAS |
| Other political affiliations |
|
| Spouses |
|
| Relations |
|
| Children | 14 (includingMuhammad Khalil) |
| Parents |
|
| Education | |
| Occupation |
|
| Website | presiden |
Abdul Hadi bin Awang (Jawi:عبدالهادي بن اواڠ; born 20 October 1947) is a Malaysian politician andreligious teacher serving as theMember of Parliament (MP) forMarang from 1990 to 2004 and again since 2008. A president ofMalaysian Islamic Party (PAS), he served as the 11thMenteri Besar of Terengganu from 1999 to 2004. Hadi previously was the 8th opposition leader from 2002 to 2004 and was formerly a vice-president of theInternational Union of Muslim Scholars.
Born inTerengganu. Hadi received his education in neighbourhood schools before furthering his studies at theIslamic University of Madinah between 1969 and 1973, and later atAl-Azhar University.[2] Upon his return to Malaysia, he joinedAngkatan Belia Islam Malaysia in 1977, where he quickly became its Terengganu state chief. A year later, Hadi joined PAS and contested the Marang state constituency in the1978 general election.[3] He rose quickly through the ranks. He became the deputy president of PAS in 1989 whenFadzil Noor was elected to the party presidency. He remained as the deputy until 2002, when Fadzil died of aheart attack, resulting in Hadi succeeding him as the president of PAS and has been the longest-serving president in the party's history.
Hadi is a highly controversial politician in the country. Since the 1980s, he has routinely made incendiary remarks against non-Muslim minorities as well as localMuslims who do not subscribe to hisultraconservative religious views. Consequently, he has often been the target of investigation by theRoyal Malaysia Police.
Hadi was born on 20 October 1947, in Kampung Rusila,Marang,Terengganu. He is the fifth child of nine siblings; four of them are already deceased.
His father was Haji Awang Mohamad bin Abd Rahman while his mother was Hajjah Aminah binti Yusuf. They are also deceased.[4] His father who was Tok Guru in Kampung Rusila was also a political activist ofHizbul Muslimin Terengganu. Similarly, his bonds were the place of reference and the focus of society, especially in religious matters. Hizbul Muslimin was banned by the colonists, at the will of the ruling party. A few years after the ban, Haji Awang Mohammad emerged as one of the earliest to introduce the struggle of the Malay Se-Malaya (PAS) Society in Terengganu.
Hadi was given an early education by his father beginning in 1955. Later, he was educated formally at the Rusila National School before continuing his secondary education at Marang Religious School. He then pursued Sanawi's degree at the Sultan Zainal Abidin Religious Secondary School, Kuala Terengganu. In addition, he studied religion, Arabic and politics with his father.
He furthered his studies at theIslamic University of Madinah for aShariah bachelor's degree funding by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with the support of the then-vice president of the Islamic University of MadinahSheikh Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah bin Baz.
After about four years in theArabian Peninsula from 1969 to 1973, he earned his first degree in Islamic Shariah. He furthered his master's degree atAl-Azhar University,Cairo, Egypt, in political science (Siyasah Syar'iyyah) from 1974 to 1976.
Shortly after finishing his studies and returning to his homeland, in 1976, his father died. Hadi then decided to continue his father's duty of being akhatib and deliveringkhutbah (a sermon) every Friday morning.
He served as an officer for the Terengganu Islamic Foundation from 1977 to 1978, and at the same time as Terengganu Chief ofAngkatan Belia Islam Malaysia (ABIM).
In 1978, he began teaching at the Maahad Al-Ikhwan (Institut Berakan), a private school set up by a few young PAS youths in Mengadang Akar, Kuala Terengganu.
In 1982, when ABIM President,Anwar Ibrahim left the organization and joined theUnited Malays National Organisation (UMNO), Hadi joined PAS withFadzil Noor and Nakhaie Ahmad.
Along with these three, some of the ABIM leaders who joined PAS includedMohamad Sabu, Abdul Ghani Shamsuddin,Husam Musa,Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man, Abu Bakar Chik,Muhamad Mustafa and Mohammad Daud Iraqi.
Hadi has been active in politics since 1964 when he was studying in high school. He has been entrusted as a branch secretary in the PAS village Rusila, Marang.
In 1976, he was appointed Terengganu PAS Youth Chief and the Central PAS Youth Council Exco. In 1977, he was elected to the Central PAS Working Committee. In 1978, he was appointed acting Vice President of the Central Center and later confirmed to the post in 1980. In 1983, he and Nakhaei Ahmad were once again elected as PAS Vice Presidents. In 1989, he was elected PAS Deputy President after Fadzil Noor was elected as President of PAS.
Following the death of Fadzil Noor, he was appointed Acting President of PAS in 2003. He officially became the PAS President after being ratified at the convention in 2005.
At the 61st PAS Muktamar, he was challenged for the first time for the post of PAS President byAhmad Awang. However, he managed to defeat his challenger with a majority of 695 votes.
He joined the election after returning home in 1978 where he was entrusted to contest the 1978 General Election in Marang state constituency representing PAS. He lost by 64 votes to BN's Tengku Zahid Tengku Musa. In the1982 General Election, he was nominated by PAS again for the Marang seat and won with a majority of 320 votes, but lost in theDungun Parliament, which was also contested, to Haji Awang Jabar.
In the 1982 election, four other PAS leaders in Terengganu won their state seats—Haji Mustafa Ali, Haji Harun Taliib, Haji Abu Bakar Chik, and Haji Wan Abdul Mutalib Embong.
In 1986, he retained theRu Rendang seat (the new name for Marang seat after redelineation) defeating Abdul Latif Muda and has retained it until present day. However, for theMarang parliamentary seat that year, he lost toAbdul Rahman Bakar. He won the seat in 1990 and in subsequent general elections except during the2004 General Election.
After PAS's victory in Terengganu in November 1999, he was appointed asMenteri Besar of Terengganu until March 2004, as well as being the Marang Member of Parliament. He was also theFederal Opposition Leader from 2003 to 2004, replacing Fadzil Noor.
Hadi was elected the 11thMenteri Besar of Terengganu officially on Tuesday, 22 Syaaban 1420 corresponding to 2 November 1999, when he was 52 years old. The ceremony for the declaration of the appointment of the Chief Minister and 10 members of the State Executive Council was held atIstana Maziah, Kuala Terengganu, on 2 December 1999.
He was also the state commissioner for Terengganu when he was appointed Menteri Besar to replaceWan Mokhtar Ahmad after PAS won 28 of the 32 state seats in Terengganu in the 10th general election. The party also won seven out of eight parliamentary seats; the other parliamentary seat was won byParti Keadilan Rakyat.
The achievement of Hadi while serving as theMenteri Besar of Terengganu were encouraging despite being denied the petroleum royalty as provided under the Petroleum Development Act of 1974.
Among his achievements were in the education sector where he helped consolidate both formal and informal educational institutions in the country. He instituted a higher zakat (funds) collection from 2000 to 2004 with a total of RM122.4 million compared to 1990-1999 under the UMNO administration where the total was only RM85 million. In the case of land reform, he reduced the land charge premium from 20% to 10% and exceeded the target to settle an arrears of 50,000 land dispute cases each year.
He instituted transparency in logging activities increasing the premium of RM60.6 million to 15,000 hectare in 2003 compared to premium of RM17.9 million for the same amount of hectares during the UMNO administration in 1997. He helped to reduce the poverty rate from 17.3% to 14%;
He helped introduce Five Working Days policy in 1999, which was followed by the Federal Government in 2000. He introduced 90 days maternity leave and seven days leave for fathers. He assisted with the abolition of the pedicab permit and the fees for small traders, abolished toll collection at theSultan Mahmud Bridge, and re-established the Islamic Law in the state constitution with the introduction of several laws based on theAl-Quran andAs-Sunnah.
Hadi began to work internationally in Madinah when he became the Head of Malaysian Students of theIslamic University of Madinah. In addition, he is also responsible for the Confederation of Southeast Asian Students in Medina.
At Medina, twoIkhwan figures, Professor Dr. Muhammad Al-Wakeel and Sheikh Said Hawwa became his mentors for Siasah Syar'iyyah. He also learned from Dr. Abdul Satar Al Khudsi who was active in the Muslim Brotherhood at that time.
In Egypt, he became the secretary of the Syariah Section and the Law of the Federation of the Arab Republic of Egypt.
As PAS senior leader, Hadi not only led the Islamic movement in Malaysia, but was also actively involved on the international stage with other Islamic movements addressing the problems of theUmmah (Islamic community).
In 1990 he was a member of the Joint Coordinating Committee of Islamic Political Parties to address Palestinian issues, based in Amman, Jordan. He was a supporter of Harakah al-Muqawwamat al-Islamiyyah (HAMAS). Along with the leadership of HAMAS, as a member of the Muslim Brotherhood he supported the defense of the Palestinian issue. He urged the Government of Malaysia to recognize the victory of Hamas as a legitimate government. He led a delegation of PAS parliamentarians and Islamic NGOs in an attempt to enter Gaza City but was barred.
Hadi was involved with the Al-Majma 'al-Alami li al-Taqrib Baina al-Mazahib al-Islamiah (International Council for Approach of Islamic Schools), based inTehran,Iran, and the International Committee of the International Secretariat for the Defense of Baitul Maqdis based inAmman,Jordan. He was a member of delegate MPs of Islamic parties led by Dr. Najmuddin Erbakan, a former Turkish Prime Minister, who met withUN Secretary-General,Boutros Boutros-Ghali, and met the United States Senate; the delegates of Parti Islam MPs who visited Europe headed by Dr. Necmettin Erbakan; a delegate of Islamic party leaders from around the world who met the rulers and presidents of the countries ofWest Asia before theGulf War; a delegate of the world leaders of Islamic movements who visitedBaghdad at the invitation of Iraq's Prime Minister,Saddam Hussein during the Gulf War crisis; a member of the delegation of Islamic movement leaders across the globe headed by Muslim Brotherhood leader SheikhMustafa Mashhur who visitedAfghanistan, to help enforce the Islamic state and to avoid conflicts between Muslim pilgrims who were cracking after the Russian withdrawal from Afghanistan. In addition to Hadi,Fadzil Noor, then-President of PAS, also participated.
Hadi was a member of the International Islamic Movement Secretariat Committee headquartered inIstanbul,Turkey in 1994. He was often invited to attend the Ijtima 'Am organized by Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan, and some Indonesian Islamic movements such as the Prosperous Justice Party and the Star Moon Party.
He was a speaker at the International Seminar on Islamic Unity in the face of Bosnia-Herzegovina problems and represented PAS at the 5th World Islamic Organization's Muktamar in Istanbul in 1996. He gave a speech titled "Islamic Awakening: His Lack of Wisdom" at the International Islamic Revival Conference in Tehran on 24 September 2011. The conference, attended by 700 delegates from all Muslim countries, discussed the latest conflicts in West Asia such as Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Yemen, Syria and Palestine.
He represented Malaysia's Islamic movement (PAS) to the 22nd International Muslim Community Congress in Istanbul, Turkey in May 2013. It was also attended by the leader of Tunisia's An-Nahdah,Rached Ghannouchi; from Palestinian HAMAS,Ismail Haniyeh andKhaled Mashal; fromEgyptian Muslim Brotherhood,Mohammed Badie; fromJamaat-e-Islami Pakistan,Syed Munawar Hassan; and from theSyrian Muslim Brotherhood, Riyadh al-Sakfa. The congress also heard a keynote address by two Islamic State leaders, Dr.Mohamed Morsi (Egypt) andMahmoud Ahmadinejad (Iran).
Hadi was appointed as Deputy President of the World Muslim Ulama Union, together with Dr.Ahmed Raissouni and Sheikh Al-Khalili headed by Dr.Yusuf al-Qaradawi in 2014.
He delivered the prime lectures atS. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS),Nanyang Technological University inSingapore on 28 April 2015.
Amanat Hadi refers to the dark period in the 1980s, when Hadi Awang was a PAS firebrand. It was the beginning of the era of "kafir mengkafir" (calling fellow Muslims infidels due to different political beliefs) which Hadi had popularized throughout the villages of Malaysia.
Hadi delivered this infamous Amanat Hadi sermon at Kampung Banggol, Peradong,Kuala Terengganu on 7 April 1981, and thereafter his image appeared on posters on the walls of PAS offices across the nation at the same time.
Hadi claimed that UMNO perpetuated the unIslamic rule ofcolonialism, and therefore the struggle of PAS and its supporters against UMNO is jihad and that those who died in the struggle areAl-Shahid (martyrs).
Later in 1983, an Amanat Hadi poster was used in theSelising by-election inKelantan and thereafter became a flagship battle clarion call for PAS in other elections.
In one bold stroke, Hadi drew a line that separates PAS and UMNO.
Indeed, there were separateImams for daily prayers, separate "kenduris" (wedding feasts etc.), abattoirs, funeral rites,Friday prayers, even separate burial sites.
Families were separated, husbands and wives were separated through an acrimonious divorce, and children left in limbo that eventually led to a large scale division of the Muslim ummah.
Hadi has alleged thatChristian missionaries have brought their work to Malaysia only after experiencing failure in the West. "Christianity is no longer saleable in countries where the education level is high," he said. Hadi alleged that preachers would often back down from challenges to debate with their Muslim counterparts because "they know they would lose". "This is transgression in the name of religion. It is a danger that must be fought," Hadi said in an article in one of the edition ofHarakah released on 18 January 2016.[5]
In December 2020, two Sabahans have filed a lawsuit against Hadi as a public interest matter. Maklin Masiau and Lawrence Jomiji Kinsil @ Maximilhian ask the court to find Hadi guilty of violating Section 3 of theSedition Act. Hadi was appointed the Prime Minister's special envoy to the Middle East on 2 April. The position carries a status equivalent to a minister. It is said to involve advising the Prime Minister on enhancing Malaysia's interests in the region. The duo claims that Hadi had made a seditious statement in PAS newspaper Harakah against Christians and Christian missionaries on 18 January 2016. They said they initiated the lawsuit because the public prosecutor had not charged Hadi for those remarks after four years. They also included various news reports in January 2016 and August 2020 as part of their court filing to support their case. The lawsuit was filed on 9 December in theHigh Court inKuala Lumpur. The court papers had been delivered to the PAS headquarters yesterday. TheChristian Federation of Malaysia — an umbrella body which represents churches nationwide — questioned the sincerity of PAS'Pasir Puteh MPNik Muhammad Zawawi Salleh's so-called "apology."[6]
Hadi has applied to quash two Sabahans' originating summons over the PAS president's alleged seditious remark against Christians published in a newspaper, five years ago.[7]
On 30 January 2021, former deputy foreign affairs ministerMarzuki Yahya has criticised Hadi over his comments on the new administration in theUnited States. Hadi had said having a new president in theWhite House was meaningless forIslamic world as PresidentJoe Biden will continue withZionist-influenced policies. He had also said the only difference between Biden and his predecessorDonald Trump was Biden's softer and more diplomatic approach. Marzuki said Hadi's remarks could be seen as an attempt to disrupt bilateral ties between Malaysia and the US. He added that Malaysia always held to the principle of non-intervention in another country's domestic affairs. A principle of Malaysia's foreign policy was to resolve any disputes through negotiations.[8]
Hadi established a household with Hajah Zainab binti Awang Ngah in 1976. His second marriage was in 1991 to Dr. Norzita Taat. The result of his marriage with his two wives was 14 children, 11 from his first wife; three from his second wife.
His eldest son,Muhammad Khalil Abdul Hadi, is an alumnus ofAl-Eman University,Yemen and used to hold the post of PAS Dewan Pemuda's Chief and Chairman of the International Lajnah, the PAS Dewan Pemuda.
On 1 July 2023, Hadi was hospitalised to undergo treatment due to poor health. Muhammad Khalil asked for well-wishes for his father on his health and longevity. Meanwhile, an aide to him has shared that the latter was in stable condition and under strict observation to ensure his recovery.[9] On 2 July 2023,Deputy Menteri Besar of Kelantan and Vice President of PASMohd Amar Abdullah revealed that Hadi had been transferred to a regular ward from the Cardiac Care Unit (CCU) after his condition improved and visitors were prohibited to allow the latter to rest and recover properly.[10]
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1982 | P036Dungun | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 10,172 | 42.46% | Awang Abdul Jabar (UMNO) | 13,447 | 56.13% | 24,789 | 3,275 | 79.79% | ||
| Abdul Hamid Embong (PSRM) | 337 | 1.41% | ||||||||||
| 1986 | P034Marang | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 13,015 | 48.80% | Abdul Rahman Bakar (UMNO) | 13,654 | 51.20% | 27,433 | 639 | 82.61% | ||
| 1990 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 17,736 | 49.98% | Abdul Rahman Bakar (UMNO) | 17,575 | 49.53% | 36,172 | 161 | 84.70% | |||
| Wan Deraman Wan Nik (IND) | 176 | 0.50% | ||||||||||
| 1995 | P037Marang | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 21,945 | 51.03% | Abdul Rahman Bakar (UMNO) | 21,063 | 48.97% | 44,212 | 882 | 81.69% | ||
| 1999 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 30,183 | 63.18% | Muda Mamat (UMNO) | 17,483 | 36.60% | 48,611 | 12,700 | 83.05% | |||
| 2004 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 27,913 | 49.56% | Abdul Rahman Bakar (UMNO) | 28,076 | 49.85% | 57,186 | 163 | 88.84% | |||
| 2008 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 33,435 | 52.08% | Ahmad Ramzi Mohamad Zubir (UMNO) | 30,688 | 47.80% | 65,008 | 2,747 | 86.89% | |||
| 2013 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 42,984 | 53.04% | Yahya Khatib Mohamad (UMNO) | 37,860 | 46.72% | 81,836 | 5,124 | 90.13% | |||
| 2018 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 53,749 | 59.27% | Mohamad Nor Endut (UMNO) | 31,795 | 35.06% | 92,046 | 21,954 | 87.75% | |||
| Zarawi Sulong (AMANAH) | 5,138 | 5.67% | ||||||||||
| 2022 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 73,115 | 67.04% | Jasmira Othman (UMNO) | 31,386 | 28.78% | 110,312 | 41,729 | 82.78% | |||
| Azhar Abdul Shukur (AMANAH) | 4,140 | 3.80% | ||||||||||
| Zarawi Sulong (PUTRA) | 427 | 0.39% | ||||||||||
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | N21 Marang | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 2,618 | 49.36% | Tengku Zahid Musa (UMNO) | 2,686 | 50.64% | 7,142 | 68 | |||
| 1982 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 3,606 | 50.94% | Tengku Zahid Musa (UMNO) | 3,473 | 49.06% | 7,251 | 133 | 85.33% | |||
| 1986 | N19Ru Rendang | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 3,470 | 54.14% | Abdul Latif Muda (UMNO) | 2,939 | 45.86% | 6,567 | 531 | 82.68% | ||
| 1990 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 4,750 | 54.93% | Abdul Latif Muda (UMNO) | 3,897 | 45.07% | 8,799 | 853 | 83.54% | |||
| 1995 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 6,285 | 56.24% | Abu Bakar Othman (UMNO) | 4,891 | 43.76% | 11,348 | 1,394 | 80.73% | |||
| 1999 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 7,881 | 66.02% | Tengku Zainuddin Tengku Zahid (UMNO) | 4,038 | 33.83% | 12,125 | 3,843 | 81.37% | |||
| 2004 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 7,736 | 54.06% | Tengku Zainuddin Tengku Zahid (UMNO) | 6,301 | 44.04% | 14,446 | 1,435 | 89.38% | |||
| 2008 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 9,379 | 58.36% | Razali Idris (UMNO) | 6,693 | 41.64% | 16,209 | 2,686 | 86.23% | |||
| 2013 | Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS) | 11,468 | 56.83% | Nik Dir Nik Wan Ku (UMNO) | 8,649 | 42.86% | 20,347 | 2,819 | 89.78% | |||
This articleneeds attention from an expert in Malaysia. The specific problem is:To determine which of Hadi's writings are noteworthy from this list (see edit mode) of 98 texts.WikiProject Malaysia may be able to help recruit an expert.(November 2019) |
Abdul Hadi Awang has been listed as one of the world's 500 most influential Muslims byThe Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre based in Amman, Jordan. He was given this recognition in the category of Preachers & Spiritual GuidesThe Muslim 500: The World's 500 Most Influential Muslims 2016 edition.[11]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Leader of the Opposition of Malaysia 2002–2004 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Menteri Besar of Terengganu 1999–2004 | Succeeded by |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by | President of theMalaysian Islamic Party 2002–present | Incumbent |
| Parliament of Malaysia | ||
| Preceded by Abdul Rahman Bakar | Member of Parliament forMarang 2008–present | Incumbent |
| New constituency | Member ofTerengganu State Legislative Assembly forRu Rendang 1986–2018 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by Tengku Zahid Musa | Member ofTerengganu State Legislative Assembly forMarang 1982–1986 | Constituency abolished |