Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi | |
|---|---|
عبدالکریم حائری یزدی | |
 | |
| Title | Grand Ayatollah |
| Personal life | |
| Born | 1859 (1859) |
| Died | 30 January 1937(1937-01-30) (aged 77–78) |
| Resting place | Fatima Masumeh Shrine,Qom |
| Children | 3, includingMorteza Haeri Yazdi andMehdi Haeri Yazdi |
| Occupation | Marja' and scholar |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Shia Islam |
| Sect | UsuliTwelver |
| Senior posting | |
| Post | Founder and patron,Qom Seminary |
| Period in office | 1900–1937 |
Students
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Grand AyatollahHajjSheikhAbdolkarim Haeri Yazdi[1] (Persian:عبدالکریم حائری یزدی;Arabic:عبد الكريم الحائري اليزديALA-LC:ʻAbd al-Karīm al-Ḥāʼirī al-Yazdī; 1859 – 30 January 1937) was an IranianTwelverShia Muslim scholar andmarja. He was the founder of an important Islamicseminary (hawza) inQom,Iran.
Among his students wasRuhollah Khomeini. Haeri's granddaughter, Masoumeh Haeri Yazdi, marriedMostafa Khomeini, the eldest son of Ruhollah Khomeini.
Haeri was born in the city ofMeybod in Mehrjard village in southeasternIran.[2]: 312 He studied atYazd, then atSamarra underGrand Ayatollah Mirza Hassan Shirazi, and completed his training atNajaf withMohammad-Kazem Khorasani andMohammed Kazem Yazdi.[2]: 313 In 1906, he reportedly became disenchanted with the politicization from theIranian Constitutional Revolution and moved back to Najaf, Iraq. When Najaf became political, he moved toKarbala until political excitement cooled in 1913 when he moved back toArak in Iran. By 1921, he was a "well-known and respected teacher" and "good administrator" and he accepted an invitation ofMullahs in Qom "to act as doyen" to the circles of learning in that Shrine town.[3]: 228
Under Haeri, Qom moved from a respectable provincialMadrasah to a major center of learning close to the level of Najaf. Although "some of his contemporaries outshone" him as jurisconsults, Haeri became themarja for "many religious Iranians."[3]: 229
Haeri'squietism was reflected in his willingness to meet cordially with bothAhmad Shah Qajar and Prime MinisterReza Khan.[3]: 229
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In 1921, Ayatollah Haeri accepted the invitation of the people of Qom and arrived there with his eldest son. Two months after his arrival, he attended a meeting regarding the formation of a hawza at the residence of Ayatollah Paeen Shahri. This meeting included businessmen, esteemed scholars, and jurists, such as Ayatollah Bafqi, Ayatollah Kabir, and Ayatollah Faiz. The meeting lasted for several hours, and the final decision was entrusted to Ayatollah Haeri.[4]
Ayatullah Haeri initially believed that the Hawza in Qom should be established by the elders and residents of the city. However, due to the persistent encouragement of learned scholars, he accepted the responsibility on one condition: he will perform anIstikhara to determine whether it is feasible for me to remain in Qom and invite the students and teachers who are awaiting my return. Early the next morning, before leading the Salat al-Fajr, Ayatullah Haeri reached for a Qur'an and stood in theFatima Masumeh Shrine, engaging in dua before performing the Istikhara. It is noted that Ayatullah Haeri typically did not perform Istikhara using the Qur'an, as he believed he could not fully comprehend whether the verses were favorable or unfavorable. However, when he performed the Istikhara regarding his decision to stay in Qom, he entrusted everything to Allah. The verse that was revealed to him was: "this shirt of mine and cast it upon my father's face; he will regain his sight, and bring me all your folks left him with no doubt about his future direction." Consequently, he immediately began the task of establishing a Hawza and wrote to all his former students in Arak, inviting them to come to Qom.[4]
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