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ATS-4

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
NASA communications satellite
ATS-4, Advanced Tech. Sat. 4, ATS-D, PL-683A, 03344
ATS-4
Mission typeWeather Satellite
OperatorNASA
COSPAR ID1968-068AEdit this at Wikidata
SATCATno.03344
Mission duration38 days
Spacecraft properties
BusHS-306
ManufacturerHughes Aircraft
Launch mass305 kilograms (672 lb)[1]
Power350 W (peak)
Start of mission
Launch dateAugust 10, 1968, 22:33:00 (1968-08-10UTC22:33Z) UTC
RocketAtlas SLV-3C Centaur-D (AC-17)
Launch siteCape Canaveral[1]LC-36A[2]
End of mission
DisposalAugust 10, 1968
Decay dateOctober 17, 1968 (1968-10-18)[3]
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLEO
Eccentricity0.042372[2]
Perigee altitude185.99 kilometres (115.57 mi)[2]
Apogee altitude766.89 kilometres (476.52 mi)[2]
Inclination29.141º[2]
Period94.131 minutes[2]
← ATS-3
ATS-5 →

ATS-4 (Applications Technology Satellite) also known asATS-D was acommunications satellite launched byNASA on August 10, 1968[3] fromCape Canaveral through anAtlas-Centaur (AC-17) rocket.[1][2]

Objectives

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The objective of ATS-4 was to investigate the possibilities of agravity gradient stabilization system (the method of stabilizing artificial satellites).[3]

Features

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The satellite has a cylindrical shape with a 142-centimetre (56 in) diameter and 183-centimetre (72 in) height (about 360 centimetres (140 in) considering the motor cover) with the surface covered bysolar panels that generated a maximum of 350 W of power,[4] and stabilized bygravity gradient. It was based on theHughes Aircraft HS-306bus.[5]

Instruments

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A total of four experiments were conducted during the mission:

Mission

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The Atlas and Centaur stages performed satisfactorily and placed theCentaur/ATS-4 in anellipticalparking orbit. However the Centaur stage failed to re-ignite after a 61-minute coast. The failure was determined to be freezing of thehydrogen peroxide supply lines to the Centaur engines.[2]

Highatmospheric drag due to the low altitude of the achieved orbit (186 kmperigee) precipitated theorbital decay of the spacecraft. ATS-4 still achieved good results in some of the experiments, but the primary objective of achieving gravity gradient stabilization of a satellite was not reached.

ATS-4 reentered the atmosphere on 17 October 1968.[3]

References

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  1. ^abcBell, Ed."1968-068A".NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 2021-01-21. Retrieved22 April 2021.
  2. ^abcdefghLewis Research Center (1972-05-01)."Atlas-Centaur AC-17 performance for applications technology satellite ATS-D mission"(PDF).NTRS - NASA Technical Reports Server. Cleveland, Ohio: NASA.Archived(PDF) from the original on 2021-04-22. Retrieved22 April 2021.
  3. ^abcdGarner, Robert (2010-01-22)."ATS".Goddard Space Flight Center. Greenbelt, MD: NASA.Archived from the original on 2021-02-26. Retrieved22 April 2021.ATS-4 was to investigate the possibilities of a gravity gradient stabilization system. A launch vehicle failure stranded ATS-4 in a much lower than planned orbit, making the satellite nearly useless. Despite this, NASA engineers successfully turned on several of the experiments to collect as much information as possible during the craft's short life. The low orbit and resulting atmospheric drag caused ATS-4 to re-enter Earth's atmosphere and break apart on Oct. 17, 1968.
  4. ^Fairchild Hiller Space Systems Division (1 December 1966)."ATS-4 study program, volume 4 Final report"(PDF).NTRS - NASA Technical Reports Server. Germantown, Maryland: NASA. p. 64.Archived(PDF) from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved22 April 2021.
  5. ^Hughes Aircraft Company Space and Communications Group (1972-09-29)."Tracking and data relay satellite system configuration and tradeoff study. Volume 5: TDRS spacecraft design, part 1"(PDF).NTRS - NASA Technical Reports Server. El Segundo, California: NASA. p. 269.Archived(PDF) from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved22 April 2021.

External links

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Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated inunderline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed initalics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
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