Alkaline phosphatase, intestinal, also known asALPI, is a type ofalkaline phosphatase that in humans is encoded by theALPIgene.[5][6] Its chemical formula is:C2679H4196O965N672S18P2.[7]
Intestinal alkaline phosphatase is an endogenousenzyme that maintainsgut homeostasis. It detoxifyiesbacterial toxins, dephosphorylates phosphorylatednucleotides, regulateslipid absorption in the intestine, and regulates the microbiome in the intestine.[8] In addition to these functions, intestinal alkaline phosphatase can also modulatebicarbonate secretion and can modulate the pH of theduodenum.[9]
Mahmood A, Shao JS, Alpers DH (August 2003). "Rat enterocytes secrete SLPs containing alkaline phosphatase and cubilin in response to corn oil feeding".American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.285 (2):G433–G441.doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00466.2002.PMID12660142.S2CID30731288.
Wada A, Wang AP, Isomoto H, Satomi Y, Takao T, Takahashi A, et al. (January 2005). "Placental and intestinal alkaline phosphatases are receptors for Aeromonas sobria hemolysin".International Journal of Medical Microbiology.294 (7):427–435.doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2004.09.012.PMID15715171.
Rump A, Kasper G, Hayes C, Wen G, Starke H, Liehr T, et al. (April 2001). "Complex arrangement of genes within a 220-kb region of double-duplicated DNA on human 2q37.1".Genomics.73 (1):50–55.doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6504.PMID11352565.
Nauli AM, Zheng S, Yang Q, Li R, Jandacek R, Tso P (April 2003). "Intestinal alkaline phosphatase release is not associated with chylomicron formation".American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.284 (4):G583–G587.doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00482.2002.PMID12466148.
Alkhoury F, Malo MS, Mozumder M, Mostafa G, Hodin RA (August 2005). "Differential regulation of intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene expression by Cdx1 and Cdx2".American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.289 (2):G285–G290.doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00037.2005.PMID15774940.
Giatromanolaki A, Sivridis E, Maltezos E, Koukourakis MI (December 2002). "Down-regulation of intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase in the tumor vasculature and stroma provides a strong basis for explaining amifostine selectivity".Seminars in Oncology.29 (6 Suppl 19):14–21.doi:10.1053/sonc.2002.37356.PMID12577238.
Torres MI, Lorite P, López-Casado MA, Ríos A (2007). "A new approach using tissue alkaline phosphatase histochemistry to identify Crohn's disease".Pathology, Research and Practice.203 (6):485–487.doi:10.1016/j.prp.2007.02.003.PMID17498884.
Hinnebusch BF, Siddique A, Henderson JW, Malo MS, Zhang W, Athaide CP, et al. (January 2004). "Enterocyte differentiation marker intestinal alkaline phosphatase is a target gene of the gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor".American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.286 (1):G23–G30.doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00203.2003.PMID12919939.
Olsen L, Bressendorff S, Troelsen JT, Olsen J (August 2005). "Differentiation-dependent activation of the human intestinal alkaline phosphatase promoter by HNF-4 in intestinal cells".American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.289 (2):G220–G226.doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00449.2004.PMID15831710.S2CID16852841.
