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740

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Calendar year

This article is about the year 740. For the car, seeVolvo 700 Series#Volvo 740.

Calendar year

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	7th century 8th century 9th century
Decades:	720s 730s 740s 750s 760s
Years:	737 738 739 740 741 742 743
	v t e

740 by topic
Leaders
Political entities State leaders Religious leaders
Categories
Births Deaths Establishments
v t e

740 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar	740 DCCXL
Ab urbe condita	1493
Armenian calendar	189 ԹՎ ՃՁԹ
Assyrian calendar	5490
Balinese saka calendar	661–662
Bengali calendar	146–147
Berber calendar	1690
Buddhist calendar	1284
Burmese calendar	102
Byzantine calendar	6248–6249
Chinese calendar	己卯年 (Earth Rabbit) 3437 or 3230 — to — 庚辰年 (Metal Dragon) 3438 or 3231
Coptic calendar	456–457
Discordian calendar	1906
Ethiopian calendar	732–733
Hebrew calendar	4500–4501
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	796–797
-Shaka Samvat	661–662
-Kali Yuga	3840–3841
Holocene calendar	10740
Iranian calendar	118–119
Islamic calendar	122–123
Japanese calendar	Tenpyō 12 (天平１２年)
Javanese calendar	633–635
Julian calendar	740 DCCXL
Korean calendar	3073
Minguo calendar	1172 beforeROC 民前1172年
Nanakshahi calendar	−728
Seleucid era	1051/1052AG
Thai solar calendar	1282–1283
Tibetan calendar	阴土兔年 (female Earth-Rabbit) 866 or 485 or −287 — to — 阳金龙年 (male Iron-Dragon) 867 or 486 or −286

KingAlfonso I of Asturias (Spain)

Map showing major events of theFujiwara no Hirotsugu Rebellion (740)

Year740 (DCCXL) was aleap year starting on Friday of theJulian calendar, the 740th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini (AD) designations, the 740th year of the1st millennium, the 40th year of the8th century, and the 1st year of the740s decade. The denomination 740 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when theAnno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

Battle of Akroinon: Following the disastrousBattle of Sebastopolis (see692), EmperorLeo III has largely confined himself to a defensivestrategy, while theUmayyad armies regularly launch raids intoByzantine-heldAnatolia.^[1] CaliphHisham ibn Abd al-Malik assembles an expeditionary force (90,000 men) under his sonSulayman ibn Hisham. One of these armies, 20,000 men strong underAbdallah al-Battal, is defeated at Akroinon (modern-dayAfyon) by the Byzantines, led by Leo and his son, the future emperorConstantine V. About 6,800Muslim Arabs, however, resist and manage to conduct an orderly retreat toSynnada (Phrygia).^[2]
October 26 –740 Constantinople earthquake. Anearthquake strikesConstantinople and the surrounding countryside, causing destruction to the city's landwalls and buildings.

Europe

TheBerber tribes in the recently conquered region ofGalicia (northwestSpain) rebel. This facilitates the establishment of an independent kingdom in theCantabrian Mountains under KingAlfonso I of Asturias.^[3]
DukeThrasimund II recovers theduchy of Spoleto and killsHilderic with Papal-Beneventian aid.^[4] He does not return the confiscatedpapal cities, and hisalliance withPope Gregory III ruptures.
December – KingLiutprand of theLombards attempts to counter the growing independence of the Lombardduchies in southernItaly.
Sicily,Sardinia,Provence, andGreece are raided by a fleet ofArab Muslim ships sent by the governor ofIfriqya, the ones raiding South WesternEurope are led byHabīb Ibn Abi ‘Ubayda Al-Fihrī, while the fleet raiding Greece is led byMu’awiya ibn Hishām. All of them are successful, submitting the Islands and returning with much wealth from the spoils of war.

Britain

KingEadberht of Northumbria marches his army north to attack thePicts. KingÆthelbald of Mercia takes advantage of his absence, and ravages the city ofYork. Internal struggles re-emerge inNorthumbria with the murder of Eardwine, probably the son of the lateusurping kingEadwulf I.^[5]^[6]
KingÆthelheard of Wessex dies after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother (and probably distant relative)Cuthred. Æthelbald ofMercia takes control ofBerkshire fromWessex.

Africa

Battle of the Nobles: The Berber rebels under chieftainKhalid ibn Hamid al-Zanati defeat and overwhelm the Umayyad forces ofKhalid ibn Abi Habib al-Fihri, nearTangier (NorthernMorocco), underminingArab domination inIslamic North Africa. The rebellion spreads inAl-Andalus (Spain), causing governorUbayd Allah ibn al-Habhab to withdrawMoorish troops from manygarrisons north of thePyrenees.^[7]

Asia

Much to the delight of the citizens ofChang'an, theChinese government of theTang dynasty ordersfruit trees to be planted along every main avenue of the city, which enriches not only the diets of the people but also the surroundings (approximate date)
Fujiwara no Hirotsugu Rebellion: TheFujiwara clan led by Fujiwara no Hirotsugu, dissatisfied with the political powers inJapan, raise an army inDazaifa (Kyushu) but are defeated by government forces.
The Japanese imperial capital is moved fromHeijō-kyō toKuni-kyō.

By topic

Religion

TheKhazars, a nation of theBlack Sea steppe, though not ethnicallyJewish, voluntarily convert toJudaism.
Cuthbert becomesarchbishop of Canterbury after the death ofNothhelm (see739).

Births

Aurelius, king ofAsturias (approximate date)
Gao Ying,chancellor of the Tang dynasty (d.811)
Layman Pang,Chinese Chán (Zen) Buddhist (d.808)
Mashallah ibn Athari, Jewish-Arabastrologer (d.815)
Waldo of Reichenau, Frankishabbot (approximate date)
Theoctista, politically influential Byzantine woman (d.802)

Deaths

Abdallah al-Battal, Arab general
Æthelburg, queen ofWessex
Æthelheard, king of Wessex
Æthelwold, bishop ofLindisfarne
Acca, bishop ofHexham (or742)
Anna, Byzantine princess and empress, wife ofArtabasdos
Frithugyth, queen of Wessex
Gregory, duke ofBenevento
Hilderic, duke ofSpoleto
Khalid ibn Abi Habib al-Fihri, Arab general
Maysara al-Matghari, Berber rebel leader
Meng Haoran, Chinesepoet
Rhain ap Cadwgan, king ofDyfed andBrycheiniog
Uqba ibn al-Hajjaj, Arab governor
Zayd ibn Ali, Arabimam and grandson ofHusayn ibn Ali (b.695)
Zhang Jiuling, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b.673)

References

^Blankinship, Khalid Yahya (1994).The End of the Jihâd State: The Reign of Hishām ibn ʻAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. pp. 104–105, 117.ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
^Blankinship, Khalid Yahya (1994).The End of the Jihâd State: The Reign of Hishām ibn ʻAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. p. 170.ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
^de Oliviera Marques, A. H. (1993). "O Portugal Islâmico". In Joel Serrão and A. H. de Oliverira Marques (ed.).Hova Historia de Portugal. Portugal das Invasões Germânicas à Reconquista. Lisbon: Editorial Presença. p. 123.
^Hartmann, Ludo Moritz.Geschichte Italiens im Mittelalter. II, pp. 2, 139.
^D.P. Kirby,The Earliest English Kings. London: Unwin Hyman, 1991. pp. 150 & 154ISBN 0-04-445691-3
^Barbara Yorke,Kings and Kingdoms in Early Anglo-Saxon England. London: Seaby, 1990. p. 89ISBN 1-85264-027-8
^David Nicolle (2008). Poitiers AD 732, Charles Martel turns the Islamic tide (p. 19).ISBN 978-184603-230-1

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