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732

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(Redirected fromAD 732)

Calendar year

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	7th century 8th century 9th century
Decades:	710s 720s 730s 740s 750s
Years:	729 730 731 732 733 734 735
	v t e

732 by topic
Leaders
Political entities State leaders Religious leaders
Categories
Births Deaths Establishments
v t e

732 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar	732 DCCXXXII
Ab urbe condita	1485
Armenian calendar	181 ԹՎ ՃՁԱ
Assyrian calendar	5482
Balinese saka calendar	653–654
Bengali calendar	138–139
Berber calendar	1682
Buddhist calendar	1276
Burmese calendar	94
Byzantine calendar	6240–6241
Chinese calendar	辛未年 (Metal Goat) 3429 or 3222 — to — 壬申年 (Water Monkey) 3430 or 3223
Coptic calendar	448–449
Discordian calendar	1898
Ethiopian calendar	724–725
Hebrew calendar	4492–4493
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	788–789
-Shaka Samvat	653–654
-Kali Yuga	3832–3833
Holocene calendar	10732
Iranian calendar	110–111
Islamic calendar	113–114
Japanese calendar	Tenpyō 4 (天平４年)
Javanese calendar	625–626
Julian calendar	732 DCCXXXII
Korean calendar	3065
Minguo calendar	1180 beforeROC 民前1180年
Nanakshahi calendar	−736
Seleucid era	1043/1044AG
Thai solar calendar	1274–1275
Tibetan calendar	阴金羊年 (female Iron-Goat) 858 or 477 or −295 — to — 阳水猴年 (male Water-Monkey) 859 or 478 or −294

Charles Martel (mounted) defeatsAbdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi at theBattle of Tours

Year732 (DCCXXXII) was aleap year starting on Tuesday of theJulian calendar, the 732nd year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini (AD) designations, the 732nd year of the1st millennium, the 32nd year of the8th century, and the 3rd year of the730s decade. The denomination 732 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when theAnno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

Byzantine EmperorLeo III marries his 15 year old sonConstantine toTzitzak (later baptised asIrene), the daughter of theKhazar Khagan Bihar, as a sign of diplomatic unity between the Byzantine Empire and theKhazar Khaganate.

Europe

Battle of the River Garonne: AUmayyad Muslim army (40,000 men) underAbdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, governor ofAl-Andalus, crosses thePyrenees through theRoncesvalles Pass and raids widely, ravaging the cities ofOloron,Lescar andBayonne, and burning theabbey ofSaint-Sever. Umayyad forces destroy themonastery ofSaint-Émilion, and defeat the 'Count of Libourne'. Abdul Rahman sacks and capturesBordeaux, and nearly wipes out the army of DukeEudes of Aquitaine, at theGaronne River.^[1]
Summer – Eudes of Aquitaine heads for the Frankish city ofReims, to warnCharles Martel, Merovingianmayor of the palace, of theUmayyad invasion inGaul, and ask for his support against the invaders. The two leaders meet nearParis; Charles issues a 'general ban' to raise an army, which includes large numbers ofAustrasians,Neustrians, andBurgundians. Meanwhile,Arabians ravage the cities ofPérigueux,Saintes, andAngoulême, then sack thebasilica ofSaint-Hilaire outsidePoitiers.^[2]
September – Charles Martel leads hisFrankish army (30,000 men) toOrléans and crosses theLoire River, probably accompanied by Eudes of Aquitaine, with his remaining troops. He makes camp nearTours, probably atBallan-Miré south-west of the fortress city, in order to protect theabbey ofSaint Martin. Charles defeats or forces back Umayyadscouts or anadvance guard, between the riversIndre andCreuse. Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi pulls back to establish a position at theVienne River.^[3]
October – The Frankish army crosses the Vienne River and establishes a camp at or around the partially abandoned Romanmansion oragricultural settlement, now known as 'Vieux-Poitiers' (nearChâtellerault), perhaps using the Romantheatre with its substantial towers as afortification. Charles Martel forms a defensive position across the Roman road, and fends off Muslimskirmishes during the 'seven days' stand-off, probably involving scouts, and perhaps raiders from both armies.^[4]
October 10 –Battle of Tours: The Frankish and Burgundian forces under Charles Martel defeat a large army of Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, near Poitiers, halting theIslamic advance into Western Europe; Rahman Al Ghafiqi is killed during the battle. Charles extends his authority in the south ofFrance, which gives him the nickname Martellus ("The Hammer"). The outcome of the victory is a turning point, and establishes a balance of power betweenWestern Europe and theByzantine Empire.^[5]
Muslim forces withdraw southwards toSeptimania; a separate part probably pulls back along the road it originally came through, across the Pyrenees Mountains. Eudes of Aquitaine pursues the main Muslim army viaLa Marche, before returning to Bordeaux; Charles Martel withdraws to Frankish territory through Orléans andAuxerre, demoting thosebishops whom he thought unreliable.Abd al-Malik ibn Katan al-Fihri becomes the new governor (wali) of Al-Andalus; a separate Muslim force raids theRhône region.^[2]

Britain

Autumn – KingCeolwulf of Northumbria is deposed by opponents, and forced to enter amonastery. His supporters subsequently restore him to thethrone (or731).

By topic

Astronomy

June 26 – Venusoccults Jupiter.

Religion

Pope Gregory III confers onBoniface, Anglo-Saxonmissionary, thepallium asarchbishop, with jurisdiction overBavaria (modernGermany). He orders him to forbid the consumption ofhorseflesh by his Christian converts.^[6]
Ecgbert is appointed bishop ofYork, by his cousin Ceolwulf of Northumbria.^[7] He founds alibrary, and makes the city a renowned centre of learning (approximate date).

Births

Fujiwara no Momokawa, Japanese statesman (d.779)

Deaths

Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, governor ofAl-Andalus
Nechtan mac Der-Ilei, king of the Picts^[8]
Romuald II, duke ofBenevento (Italy)
Rupert of Bingen,patron saint (b.712)
Sima Zhen, Chinese historian (b.679)

References

^David Nicolle (2008). Poitiers AD 732, Charles Martel turns the Islamic tide (p. 45).ISBN 978-184603-230-1
^^a ^bDavid Nicolle (2008). Poitiers AD 732, Charles Martel turns the Islamic tide (p. 19).ISBN 978-184603-230-1
^David Nicolle (2008). Poitiers AD 732, Charles Martel turns the Islamic tide (p. 55).ISBN 978-184603-230-1
^David Nicolle (2008). Poitiers AD 732, Charles Martel turns the Islamic tide (p. 66).ISBN 978-184603-230-1
^Durant, Will,The Age of Faith. New York: Simon and Schuster (1950).OCLC 225699907. Page, 461. Originally published 1939.ISBN 978-0-671-41800-7
^Schwabe, Calvin W. (1979).Unmentionable Cuisine, Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press (p. 157).ISBN 0813908116
^Mayr-Harting,Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
^Lynch, Michael, ed. (February 24, 2011).The Oxford companion to Scottish history. Oxford University Press. p. 447.ISBN 9780199693054.

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732

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