Calendar year
1894 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1894 .
1894 (MDCCCXCIV ) was acommon year starting on Monday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Saturday of theJulian calendar , the 1894th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 94th year of the19th century , and the 5th year of the1890s decade. As of the start of 1894, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 4 –A military alliance is established between theFrench Third Republic and theRussian Empire .January 7 –William Kennedy Dickson receives a patent formotion picture film in the United States.January 9 –New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the firstbattery -operatedtelephone switchboard , inLexington, Massachusetts .February 12 – Frenchanarchist Émile Henry sets off a bomb in a Paris café, killing one person and wounding twenty.February 15 March 1 – TheLocal Government Act (coming into effect December 1894–January 1895) reformslocal government in Britain, creating a system ofurban andrural districts with elected councils, with elected civilparish councils in rural areas, and gives women, irrespective of marital status, the right to vote and stand in local (but not national) elections.[ 2] March 2 –William Gladstone resigns as British Prime Minister.March 12 –Coca-Cola is sold in bottles for the first time.March 21 – Asyzygy of planets occurs, as Mercury transits the Sun as seen from Venus, and Mercury and Venus both transit the Sun as seen from Saturn, but no two of the transits are simultaneous.March 25 –Coxey's Army (of the unemployed), the first significant protest march in the United States, departs fromMassillon, Ohio , forWashington, D.C. April 11 – Britain establishes a protectorate overUganda .[ 2] April 16 –Manchester City Football Club is formed in north-west England under this name.April 21 – Abituminous coal miners' strike closes mines across the central United States.April 27 –Canada 's largest known landslide occurs inSaint-Alban, Quebec , displacing 185 million cubic metres (6.5×10 ^ 9 cu ft) of rock and dirt, and leaving a 40-metre (130 ft) scar that covers 4.6 million square metres (50×10 ^ 6 sq ft).[ 3] May –Third plague pandemic :Bubonic plague breaks out in theTai Ping Shan area of Hong Kong (by the end of the year, the death toll is 2,552 people); it also breaks out this year inCanton .May 1 – In the United States:May 11 –Pullman Strike : Three thousandPullman Palace Car Company factory workers go on a "wildcat" (without union approval) strike inIllinois .May 14 –Blackpool Tower is opened inBlackpool , in north-west England, as a visitor attraction.May 21 – TheManchester Ship Canal andDocks are officially opened byQueen Victoria , linking the previously landlocked industrial city ofManchester , in north-west England, to theIrish Sea .June 22 –Dahomey becomes a French colony.June 23 – TheInternational Olympic Committee is founded at theSorbonne , Paris, at the initiative of BaronPierre de Coubertin .June 24 –Sadi Carnot ,president of France , is assassinated in Lyon.June 30 –Tower Bridge in London opens for traffic.May 14 :Blackpool Tower .July 4 July 6 – A fire at the site of the1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago destroys most of the remaining buildings.[ 4] July 16 – The United Kingdom and Japan sign theAnglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation , as the U.K. becomes the first of the Western nations to agree to give up itsextraterritorial rights in Japan.[ 5] July 22 – TheParis–Rouen Competition for Horseless Carriages, the first automobile competition, is held.August 1 – War is declared between theQing Empire of China and theEmpire of Japan over their rival claims of influence on their common ally, theJoseon dynasty of Korea. The event marks the start of theFirst Sino-Japanese War .August 15 – Italian anarchistSante Geronimo Caserio is executed by guillotine for the assassination of FrenchPresident Carnot in Lyon.August 31 – New Zealand enacts the world's firstminimum wage law , to take effect on January 1, in the passage of theIndustrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act of 1894 .[ 6] September 1 –Great Hinckley Fire : Aforest fire inHinckley, Minnesota , kills more than 450 people.September 4 – In New York City, 12,000 tailors strike againstsweatshop working conditions.September 10 –Richard Strauss marriesPauline De Ahna .September 26 – TheSS Ohio (1875) and the schooner bargeIronton collide and sink inLake Huron . While the crew of theOhio is rescued, five of the other craft's seven-member crew, including the captain, are lost.November 1 :Nicholas II becomesTsar of Russia .Satyendra Nath Bose Billy Bishop Harold Macmillan January 1 –Satyendra Nath Bose , Indian physicist (d.1974 )January 3 –ZaSu Pitts , American actress (d.1963 )January 8 –Maximilian Kolbe , Polish friar and martyr (k.1941 in Auschwitz concentration camp)January 15 –José Bustamante y Rivero , Peruvian politician, diplomat and jurist, 78thPresident of Peru (d.1989 )January 20 –Walter Piston , American composer (d.1976 )January 21 –Geoffrey Street , Australian politician (d.1940 )January 30 January 31 February 1 February 3 –Norman Rockwell , American artist, illustrator (d.1978 )February 8 –Billy Bishop , Canadian World War I fighter ace (d.1956 )February 10 February 14 –Jack Benny , American actor, comedian (d.1974 )February 25 –Meher Baba , IndianAvatar of the Age (d.1969 )February 26 February 28 –Ben Hecht , American playwright, film writer (d.1964 )[ 8] Otto Grotewohl Francisco Craveiro Lopes Nikita Khrushchev Rudolf Hess H.V. Evatt March 7 –Marcel Déat , French politician (d.1955 )March 11 –Otto Grotewohl , East German Communist politician, 1stPrime Minister of the German Democratic Republic (d.1964 )March 14 –Osa Johnson , American adventurer, documentary filmmaker (d.1953 )March 16 –Stuart Buchanan , American actor (d.1974 )March 17 –Paul Green , American novelist,Pulitzer Prize -winning playwright (d.1981 )March 19 –Moms Mabley , African-American comedian (d.1975 )March 20 March 26 –May Farquharson , Jamaican social worker, birth control advocate, philanthropist and reformer (d.1992 )March 27 –René Fonck , French World War Iflying ace (d.1953 )April 5 –Chesney Allen , British entertainer (d.1982 )[ 9] April 10 April 12 –Francisco Craveiro Lopes , 12th President of Portugal (d.1964 )April 13 –Sir Arthur Fadden , 13thPrime Minister of Australia (d.1973 )April 15 –Bessie Smith , African-American blues singer (d.1937 )April 17 –Nikita Khrushchev , Soviet politician (d.1971 )April 26 –Rudolf Hess , German Nazi official (d.1987 )April 27 –Nicolas Slonimsky , Russian/American musicologist (d.1995 )April 30 –H.V. Evatt , Australian politician, judge (d.1965 )Edward VIII Alfred Kinsey May 10 May 11 –Martha Graham , American dancer, choreographer (d.1991 )May 13 –Ásgeir Ásgeirsson , 2nd President of Iceland (d.1972 )May 20 May 26 –Paul Lukas , Hungarian actor (d.1971 )May 27 May 29 –Josef von Sternberg , Austrian-American film director (d.1969 )May 30 –Hubertus van Mook , Dutch ActingGovernor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d.1965 )May 31 –Fred Allen , American comedian (d.1956 )June 4 –Gabriel Pascal , Hungarian film producer (d.1954 )June 5 –Roy Thomson , Canadian publisher (d.1976 )June 9 –Nedo Nadi , Italian fencer (d.1940 )June 14 June 23 June 28 Khawaja Nazimuddin Bertha Lutz July 8 –Pyotr Kapitsa , Russian physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1984 )July 17 –Georges Lemaître , Belgian physicist, astronomer (d.1966 )July 18 –Mariano Rossell y Arellano , GuatemalanRoman Catholic clergyman (d.1964 )July 19 July 20 –Wiley Rutledge ,Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d.1949 )July 22 –María Sabina , Mexicancurandera (d.1985 )July 25 July 26 –Aldous Huxley , English novelist (d.1963 )August 1 August 2 –Bertha Lutz , Brazilian zoologist, politician, diplomat and feminist (d.1976 )August 3 –Harry Heilmann , American baseball player (d.1951 )August 10 August 16 –George Meany , American labor leader (d.1980 )August 17 –Riad Al Solh , 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon (d.1951 )August 28 –Karl Böhm , Austrian conductor (d.1981 )Billy Gilbert Heinrich Lübke E. E. Cummings September 2 –Joseph Roth , Austrian writer (d.1939 )September 3 –Benigno Aquino Sr. , Filipino politician (d.1947 )September 6 –Howard Pease , American adventure novelist (d.1974 )September 12 September 13 September 15 –Jean Renoir , French film director (d.1979 )September 19 –Raymond Duval , French general (d.1955 )September 24 September 27 –Lothar von Richthofen , German World War I fighter ace (d.1922 )October 1 –Beatrice Green , Welsh labour activist (d.1927 )[ 13] October 5 –Bevil Rudd , South African athlete (d.1948 )October 7 –Herman Dooyeweerd , Dutch philosopher and professor of law (d.1977 )October 14 –E. E. Cummings , American poet (d.1962 )[ 14] October 14 –Heinrich Lübke , German president (d.1972 )October 15 –Moshe Sharett , Israeli Prime Minister (d.1965 )October 18 –H. L. Davis , American fiction writer (d.1960 )[ 15] October 21 –Albert F. Nufer , American diplomat and ambassador (d.1956 )[ 16] October 25 October 27 –Fritz Sauckel , German Nazi politician, war criminal (d.1946 )October 28 –Ismail of Johor , Malaysian sultan (d.1981 )October 30 –Peter Warlock , English composer (d.1930 )[ 17] Américo Tomás Mae Marsh Kōnosuke Matsushita Robert Menzies November 2 –Alexander Lippisch , German aerodynamics engineer (d.1976 )November 3 –Sofoklis Venizelos , 3-timeprime minister of Greece (d.1964 )November 4 –Gabriel Auphan , French admiral and politician (d.1982 )November 5 –Harold Innis , Canadian communications scholar (d.1952 )November 9 –Mae Marsh , American film actress (d.1968 )November 13 –Nita Naldi , American film actress (d.1961 )November 14 –Rino Corso Fougier , Italian air force general (d.1963 )November 19 November 21 November 23 –Hardit Malik , Indian fighter pilot and diplomat (d.1985 )November 24 –Herbert Sutcliffe , English cricketer (d.1978 )November 26 –Norbert Wiener , American mathematician (d.1964 )November 27 –Konosuke Matsushita , Japanese industrialist (d.1989 )November 29 –Lucille Hegamin , American singer, entertainer (d.1970 )December 4 –T. V. Soong ,Premier of the Republic of China (d.1971 )December 5 –C. R. Swart , 1st State President of South Africa (d.1982 )December 8 December 10 –Edward Milford , Australian general (d.1972 )[ [December 10]] – ' Philip Drinker, American hygienist and inventor of theiron lung (d.1972) December 15 –Felix Stump , American admiral (d.1972 )December 17 December 20 –Sir Robert Menzies , 12thPrime Minister of Australia (d.1978 )December 22 –Edwin Linkomies ,Prime Minister of Finland (d.1963 )December 23 –Arthur Gilligan , English cricket captain (d.1976 )December 24 –Georges Guynemer , French World War I fighter ace (d.1917 )December 26 –Jean Toomer , American poet (d.1967 )Heinrich Hertz Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia Myra Bradwell Adolphe Sax Gustave Caillebotte January 1 –Heinrich Hertz , German physicist (b.1857 )January 13 –Nadezhda von Meck , Russian patron of Peter Tchaikovsky (b.1831 )January 20 –Robert Halpin , Irish mariner and transoceanic cable layer (b.1836 )January 28 –Elise Hwasser , Swedish actress (b.1831 )February 4 –Adolphe Sax , Belgian instrument maker, inventor of the saxophone (b.1814 )February 5 –Auguste Vaillant , French anarchist (b.1861 ) (executed)February 6 –Maria Deraismes , French feminist (b.1828 )February 8 –Robert Michael Ballantyne ,Scottish novelist (b.1825 )[ 19] February 12 –Hans von Bülow , German conductor, pianist and composer (b.1830 )February 14 February 15 –May Brookyn , American actress (b.1854 /1859 )February 21 –Gustave Caillebotte , French painter (b.1848 )February 27 March 2 March 3 –Ned Williamson , American baseball player (b.1857 )March 14 –John T. Ford , American theater manager (b.1829 )March 20 –Lajos Kossuth , Hungarian politician (b.1802 )March 30 –Jane Goodwin Austin , American popular story writer (b.1831 )April 1 –Remigio Morales Bermúdez , 19th President of Peru (b.1836 )April 8 –Bankim Chandra Chatterjee , Bengali poet (b.1838 )May 12 –Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia , granddaughter of TsarPaul I (b.1827 )May 19 –Caroline Mehitable Fisher Sawyer , American biographier (b.1812 )June 3 –Karl Eduard Zachariae von Lingenthal , German jurist, expert on Byzantine law (b.1812 )June 7 – KingHassan I of Morocco (b.1836 )June 8 –William M. Dalton , American Old West outlaw (b.1866 )[ 21] June 23 July 24 –George Peter Alexander Healy , American portrait painter (b.1813 )June 25 June 27 –Giorgio Costantino Schinas , Maltese architect and civil engineer (b.1834 )Hermann von Helmholtz Robert Louis Stevenson Christina Rossetti July 1 –Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt , Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b.1819 )July 3 –Paul Lecreux , French sculptor (b. c.1826 )July 22 –Julius von Bose , Prussian general (b.1809 )July 30 –Walter Pater , English essayist, critic (b.1839 )[ 22] August 1 –Joseph Holt , Union Army general (b.1807 )August 10 –Cynthia Roberts Gorton , blind American poet and author (b.1826 )September 1 –Nathaniel P. Banks , American politician, general (b.1816 )September 3 –Josiah Parsons Cooke , American scientist (b.1827 )September 8 –Hermann von Helmholtz , German physician, physicist (b.1821 )September 13 –Emmanuel Chabrier , French composer (b.1841 )September 24 –Mary Jane Patterson , first African-American woman to receive a B.A degree in 1862. (b.1840 )October 7 –Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. , American author (b.1809 )[ 22] October 9 –Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey , British politician (b.1802 )October 20 –James Anthony Froude , English historian (b.1818 )[ 23] October 22 –Gillis Bildt , 5th Prime Minister of Sweden (b.1820 )October 25 –Mary Brayton Woodbridge , American temperance reformer and newspaper editor (b.1830 )October 30 –Juan Cortina , Mexican folk hero (b.1824 )November 1 – EmperorAlexander III of Russia (b.1845 )November 20 –Anton Rubinstein , Russian pianist, composer (b.1829 )November 25 –Solomon Caesar Malan , Swiss-born orientalist (b.1812 )November 29 –Juan N. Méndez , interimPresident of Mexico from 1876 to 1877. (b.1820 )[ 24] December 3 –Robert Louis Stevenson , Scottish author (b.1850 )[ 25] December 8 –Pafnuty Chebyshev , Russian mathematician (b.1821 )December 9 –Mary Bell Smith , American educator, social reformer and writer (b.1818 )December 12 –Sir John Thompson , 4thPrime Minister of Canada (b.1845 )December 28 –Chamarajendra Wadiyar X , Maharajah of Mysore (b.1863 )December 29 –Christina Rossetti , English poet (b.1830 )[ 26] ^ A New Modern History of East Asia , ed. by Eckhardt Fuchs, et al. (Gottingen: V&R unipress, 2017) p106^a b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 321– 322.ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 ^ "Landslides" .Get Prepared . Public Safety Canada. RetrievedMarch 4, 2016 .^ Rosenberg, Chaim M. (2008).America at the Fair: Chicago's 1893 World's Columbian Exposition . Arcadia Publishing. ^ Nish, Ian H. (2013).The Anglo-Japanese Alliance: The Diplomacy of Two Island Empires 1984-1907 . A&C Black. p. 10. ^ Minimum-wage Legislation in the United States and Foreign Countries , ed. by Charles Henry Verrill (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1915) p168^ Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brazileiro (Imprensa Nacional, 1906) p348^ 1894 at theEncyclopædia Britannica ^ "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography" . OUP. RetrievedOctober 13, 2013 .^ Merlin Thomas (1979).Louis-Ferdinand Céline . Faber & Faber. p. 13.ISBN 9780811217880 ^ Julian Symons (1985).Dashiell Hammett . Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. p. IX.ISBN 9780805773989 ^ Recorded Sound ^ Boots, Bryan (2022)."Green, Beatrice (1894 - 1927), Political Activist" .Dictionary of Welsh Biography National Library of Wales . RetrievedAugust 7, 2023 . ^ Maynard Mack (1961).Modern poetry . Prentice-Hall. pp. 364– 5. ^ Baker, Jeff (December 2, 2009)."Rediscovering H.L. Davis" .The Oregonian . RetrievedDecember 4, 2009 . ^ Times, Special to The New York Times The New York (November 7, 1956)."A.F. NUFER DEAD; U.S. DIPLOMAT, 62; Ambassador to Philippines Had Served in Argentina During Peron Regime Headed European Branch" .The New York Times .ISSN 0362-4331 . RetrievedFebruary 1, 2025 . ^ Smith, Barry (1994).Peter Warlock: The Life of Philip Heseltine ISBN 0-19-816310-X ^ Babunagari, Junaid (2003). "মাওলানা শাহ আব্দুল ওহাব রহ.".দারুল উলুম হাটহাজারীর কতিপয় উজ্জ্বল নক্ষত্র Hathazari ,Chittagong District : Bukhari Academy. p. 20.^ Rennie, Neil (2004). "Ballantyne, Robert Michael (1825–1894)".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/1232 . (Subscription orUK public library membership required.) ^ "Familysearch birth register" .FamilySearch ^ "The Dalton Brothers – Lawmen & Outlaws – Legends of America" .www.legendsofamerica.com .^a b "Walter Pater" ,Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ^ Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF) . The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006.ISBN 0-902-198-84-X the original (PDF) on January 24, 2013. RetrievedOctober 4, 2022 .^ "JUAN N. MÉNDEZ" (in Spanish). Presidencia de la Republica de Mexico. Archived fromthe original on May 28, 2019. RetrievedMay 29, 2019 .^ Gosse, Edmund William (1911)."Stevenson, Robert Lewis Balfour" Chisholm, Hugh (ed.).Encyclopædia Britannica 907– 910.^ Gosse, Edmund William (1911)."Rossetti, Christina Georgina" Encyclopædia Britannica 746– 747.
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