Calendar year
1877 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1877 .
April 24 : Start of theRusso-Turkish War (1877–1878) 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII ) was acommon year starting on Monday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Saturday of theJulian calendar , the 1877th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 77th year of the19th century , and the 8th year of the1870s decade. As of the start of 1877, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 1 –Queen Victoria is proclaimedEmpress of India by theRoyal Titles Act 1876 , introduced byBenjamin Disraeli , thePrime Minister of the United Kingdom .January 8 –Great Sioux War of 1876 :Battle of Wolf Mountain –Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with theUnited States Cavalry inMontana .January 20 – The Conference of Constantinople ends, withOttoman Turkey rejecting proposals of internal reform and Balkan provisions.January 29 – TheSatsuma Rebellion , a revolt of disaffectedsamurai in Japan, breaks out against the new imperial government; it lasts until September, when it is crushed by a professionally led army of draftees.[ 1] February 17 – Major GeneralCharles George Gordon of theBritish Army is appointedGovernor-General of the Sudan .[ 2] March –The Nineteenth Century March 2 –Compromise of 1877 : The1876 United States presidential election is resolved with the selection ofRutherford B. Hayes as the winner, even thoughSamuel J. Tilden won the popular vote onNovember 7 ,1876 .March 4 March 15 –English cricket team in Australia and New Zealand in 1876–77 : The firstTest cricket match is held between England and Australia.March 24 – For the only time in history,The Boat Race between the Universities ofOxford andCambridge is declared a "dead heat" (i.e., a draw).April 1 – Following years of murders ofsharecroppers [citation needed and U.S. army personnel by the former slave owners, theReconstruction era of the U.S. ends when Union troops pull out of theSouth-Eastern American States . This leaves the former slaves at the mercy of their owners[citation needed , and begins theGilded Age when large businesses beginmonopolization of the American economy[citation needed .April 10 – The firsthuman cannonball act in the British Isles, and perhaps the world, is performed by 17-year-oldRossa Matilda Richter ("Zazel") at the LondonRoyal Aquarium .[ 3] April 12 April 24 –Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) :Russia declares war on theOttoman Empire .May 5 –Great Sioux War of 1876 :Sitting Bull leads his band ofLakota intoCanada , to avoid harassment by the U.S. Army under ColonelNelson Miles .May 6 – ChiefCrazy Horse of theOglala Sioux surrenders to U.S. troops in Nebraska.May 8 –11 – At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the firstWestminster Kennel Club Dog Show is held.May 9 –Iquique Earthquake andtsunami : An earthquake of at least magnitude 8.5Ms occurs on the west coast of South America, killing 2,541 around thePacific Rim .May 16 –16 May 1877 crisis in France: Parliament passes a no-confidence motion against the government appointed byPresident MacMahon .May 21 (May 9O.S. ) – By a speech in theParliament of Romania byMihail Kogălniceanu , the country declares itself independent from theOttoman Empire (recognized in1878 after the end of the Romanian independence war).June 15 –Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the firstAfrican American cadet to graduate fromthe U.S. Military Academy .[ 4] June 17 –American Indian Wars :Battle of White Bird Canyon – TheNez Perce defeat the U.S. Cavalry at White Bird Canyon, in theIdaho Territory . This begins theNez Perce War .June 20 –Alexander Graham Bell installs the world's first commercial telephone service inHamilton, Ontario , Canada.June 21 – TheMolly Maguires are hanged atCarbon County Prison, inMauch Chunk, Pennsylvania .June 26 – The eruption of the volcanoCotopaxi inEcuador causes severe mudflows that wipe out surrounding cities and valleys, killing 1,000.June 30 – The British Mediterranean fleet is sent toBesika Bay .July – The serial publication ofLeo Tolstoy 'sAnna Karenina The Russian Messenger [ 5] July 1 – An F4 tornado touches down nearGap, Pennsylvania , and moves towardsChester County . A woman is killed nearErcildoun ; a man is killed nearParkesburg ; and possibly a third person dies. 4 homes are destroyed at Parkesburg and 20 buildings are destroyed at Ercildoun. 10 or more homes are leveled in Chester County.[ 6] July 9 –19 – TheAll England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club stages the firstWimbledon Championships in lawn tennis.[ 7] Spencer Gore becomes firstWimbledon gentlemen's singles champion (the only event held).July 16 –Great Railroad Strike of 1877 : Riots byBaltimore and Ohio Railroad railroad workers inBaltimore lead to asympathy strike and rioting in Pittsburgh, and a full-scale worker's rebellion in St. Louis, briefly establishing a communist government, before U.S. PresidentRutherford B. Hayes calls in the armed forces.[ 8] July 19 –Russo-Turkish War : The first battle in thesiege of Plevna is fought.July 30 August 9 –American Indian Wars :Battle of the Big Hole – NearBig Hole River ,Montana , a small band ofNez Perce people who refuse government orders to move to a reservation, clash with theUnited States Army . The army loses 29 soldiers, and the Indians lose 89 warriors, in an Army victory.August 12 –American astronomerAsaph Hall discoversDeimos , the outermoon ofMars .August 18 – Asaph Hall discoversPhobos , the inner moon ofMars .September 1 – TheBattle of Lovcha , third battle in thesiege of Plevna , is fought. Russian forces successfully reduce the Ottoman fortress atLovcha .September 5 –American Indian Wars : OglalaSioux chiefCrazy Horse isbayoneted by a United States soldier, after resisting confinement in a guardhouse atFort Robinson inNebraska .September 22 –Treaty 7 is concluded between several mainlyBlackfoot First Nations tribes and theCanadian Confederation , at theBlackfoot Crossing of theBow River , settling the Blackfoot onIndian reserves in what will become southernAlberta .September 24 –Battle of Shiroyama inKagoshima , Japan: TheImperial Japanese Army annihilates heavily outnumbered rebelsamurai Saigō Takamori (who is killed), ending theSatsuma Rebellion .Edmund Landau Pascual Ortiz Rubio January 2 –Slava Raškaj , Croatian painter (d.1906 )January 3 –Josephine Hull , American actress (d.1957 )January 22 –Hjalmar Schacht , German economist, politician and banker (d.1970 )January 26 –Kees van Dongen , Dutch-French painter (d.1968 )February 4 –Eddie Cochems , father of theforward pass inAmerican football (d.1953 )February 7 –G. H. Hardy , British mathematician (d.1947 )February 8 –Carl Tanzler , German-bornradiology technologist (d.1952 )February 12 –Louis Renault , French industrialist, founder ofRenault automobile company (d.1944 )February 14 –Edmund Landau , German mathematician (d.1938 )February 17 February 19 –Gabriele Münter , German painter (d.1962 )February 25 –Erich von Hornbostel , Austrian musicologist (d.1935 )March 2 –Consuelo Vanderbilt , Duchess of Marlborough (d.1964 )March 4 –Garrett Morgan , American inventor (d.1963 )March 7 –Thorvald Ellegaard , Danish track cyclist (d.1954 )[ 10] March 10 –Pascual Ortiz Rubio , Mexican politician, substitutePresident of Mexico , 1930–1932 (d.1963 )[ 11] March 12 –Wilhelm Frick , German Nazi Minister of the Interior (d.1946 )March 17 –Ville Kiviniemi , Finnish politician (d.1951 )[ 12] March 18 –Edgar Cayce , American psychic (d.1945 )James Montgomery Flagg April 15 –Georg Kolbe , German sculptor (d.1947 )April 17 –Lionel Pape , English actor (d.1944 )April 26 –Alliott Verdon Roe , English aviation pioneer (d.1958 )April 30 –Alice B. Toklas , American writer (d.1967 )May 3 –Karl Abraham , German psychoanalyst (d.1925 )May 24 –Samuel W. Bryant , American admiral (d.1938 )May 25 –Billy Murray , American singer (d.1954 )May 27 –Isadora Duncan , American dancer (d.1927 )June 4 –Heinrich Otto Wieland , German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d.1957 )June 7 –Charles Glover Barkla , English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d.1944 )June 11 –Renée Vivien , British poet who wrote in French (d.1909 )June 12 –Thomas C. Hart , American admiral, politician (d.1971 )June 14 –Jane Bathori , French opera singer (d.1970 )June 18 –James Montgomery Flagg , American artist, comics artist and illustrator (d.1960 )June 19 –Charles Coburn , American actor (d.1961 )Hermann Hesse George Hackenschmidt John Latham Frederick Soddy Enrico De Nicola Edward Ellington July 2 July 6 –Arnaud Massy , French golfer (d.1950 )July 13 –Erik Scavenius , Prime Minister of Denmark (d.1962 )July 13 –Thomas Walter Swan , United States Circuit Judge, served 1926 to 1975 (d.1975 )July 19 –Arthur Fielder , English cricketer (d.1949 )July 27 –Ernst von Dohnányi , Hungarian conductor (d.1960 )July 31 –Louisa Bolus , South African botanist and taxonomist (d.1970 )August 1 –George Hackenschmidt , Estonian strongman, professional wrestler (d.1968 )August 6 –Wallace H. White, Jr. , U.S. Senator from Maine (d.1952 )August 7 –Ulrich Salchow , Swedish figure skater (d.1949 )August 16 –Roque Ruaño , Spanish priest, civil engineer (d.1935 )August 22 –Ananda Coomaraswamy , Ceylonese Tamil philosopher (d.1947 )August 26 –John Latham , Australian politician, judge (d.1964 )August 27 August 29 –Dudley Pound , British admiral (d.1943 )September 1 September 2 –Frederick Soddy , English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d.1956 )September 6 –Buddy Bolden , American jazz musician (d.1931 )September 14 –Leonhard Seppala , Norwegian-American sled dog breeder, trainer and musher (d.1967 )September 16 –Thomas Alan Goldsborough , American politician, member of theUS House of Representatives from 1921 to 1939 and a United States district judge from 1939 to 1951 (d.1951 )September 25 –Plutarco Elías Calles , Mexican general andPresident of Mexico , 1924–1928; known asJefe Maximo ("Maximum Boss") from 1928 to 1934 (d.1945 )[ 13] September 26 October 10 –William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield , British businessman, philanthropist (d.1963 )October 15 –Helen Ware , American stage, film actress (d.1939 )October 21 –Oswald Avery , Canadian-American physician, medical researcher (d.1955 )October 22 –Frederick Twort , English bacteriologist (d.1950 )October 29 –Narcisa de Leon , Filipino film producer (d.1966 )October 30 –Hugo Celmiņš , 2-time prime minister of Latvia (d.1941 )November 1 –Else Ury , German writer, children's book author (d.1943 )November 2 –Claire McDowell , American silent film actress (d.1966 )November 3 –Carlos Ibáñez del Campo , 2-time President of Chile (d.1960 )November 9 November 15 –William Hope Hodgson , English author (d.1918 )November 17 –Frank Lahm , Brigadier General USAF, airship pilot, early military aviator trained by theWright brothers (d.1963 )November 20 –Herbert Pitman , British mariner; 3rd Officer aboard RMS Titanic (d.1961 )November 22 November 24 –Edward C. Kalbfus , American admiral (d.1954 )December 3 –Richard Pearse , New Zealand airplane pioneer (d.1953 )December 4 –Morris Alexander , South African politician (d.1946 )[ 14] December 16 –Kichisaburō Nomura , Japanese admiral and diplomat (d.1964 )December 20 –Thomas Walter Swan , American jurist and judge on theUnited States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1926 until 1975 (d.1975 )December 30 –Edward Ellington , British military officer; Marshal of the Royal Air Force (d.1967 )Cornelius Vanderbilt Henrietta A. Bingham J. L. Runeberg Sophie of Württemberg January 1 –Karl von Urban , Austrian field marshal (suicide) (b.1802 )January 2 –Alexander Bain , Scottish inventor (b.1811 )January 4 –Cornelius Vanderbilt , American entrepreneur (b.1794 )January 20 –Dato Maharajalela Lela ,Malay nationalistFebruary 15 –Rayko Zhinzifov , Bulgarian poet and translator (b.1839 )[ 15] February 18 –Henrietta A. Bingham , American editor (b.1841 )February 20 February 25 –Jung Bahadur Rana , Nepalese ruler (b.1817 )March 1 –Antoni Patek , Polish watchmaker (b.1811 )March 24 –Walter Bagehot , British businessman, essayist and journalist (b.1826 )March 25 –Caroline Chisholm , Australian humanitarian (b.1808 )March 31 –Bully Hayes , American-born Caribbeanblackbirder (killed) (b. 1827 or 1829)April 8 –Bernardino António Gomes , Portuguese physician and naturalist (b.1806 )April 14 –Konstantin Bernhard von Voigts-Rhetz , Prussian general (b.1809 )April 15 –J. P. C. Emmons , American attorney and politician (b.1818 )May 6 –J. L. Runeberg , Finnish national poet (b.1804 )[ 17] May 19 –Charlotta Djurström , Swedish actress and theater manager (b.1807 )May 26 –Kido Takayoshi , Japanese statesman (b.1833 )June 3 June 17 –John Stevens Cabot Abbott , American historian, pastor and pedagogical writer (b.1805 )June 22 –John R. Goldsborough , U.S. Navy commodore (b.1809 )July 16 –Samuel McLean , Americancongressman (b.1826 )July 27 –John Frost , British Chartist leader (b.1784 )August 2 –Karl Friedrich von Steinmetz , Prussian field marshalUrdu (b.1796 )August 8 –William Lovett , British Chartist leader (b.1800 )August 17 –Isaac Aaron , English-born physician, owner of theAustralian Medical Journal Australian Medical Association (b.1804 )August 29 –Brigham Young , American Mormon leader (b.1801 )August 30 –Raphael Semmes , American and Confederate naval officer (b.1809 )September 2 –Konstantinos Kanaris , Greek politician (b.1795 )September 3 –Adolphe Thiers , French historian, politician (b.1797 )September 5 –Crazy Horse , American Oglala Lakota chief (b.1840 -45)September 12 –Emily Pepys , English child diarist (b.1833 )September 13 –Alexandre Herculano , Portuguese writer and historian (b.1810 )September 17 –Henry Fox Talbot , English photographer (b.1800 )September 24 –Saigō Takamori , Japanesesamurai (b.1828 )October 3 –James Roosevelt Bayley , firstRoman Catholic Bishop of Newark, New Jersey , and eighthArchbishop of Baltimore (b.1814 )October 10 –Johann Georg Baiter , Swiss philologist, textual critic (b.1801 )October 16 –Théodore Barrière , French dramatist (b.1823 )October 28 –Julia Kavanagh , Irish novelist (b.1824 )October 29 –Nathan Bedford Forrest , American Confederate Civil War General, firstGrand Wizard of theKu Klux Klan (b.1821 )November 1 –Oliver P. Morton , American politician (b.1823 )November 2 –Friedrich Graf von Wrangel , Prussian field marshal (b.1784 )December 12 –José de Alencar , Brazilian novelist (b.1829 )December 17 –Louis d'Aurelle de Paladines , French general (b.1804 )December 29 –Angelica Singleton Van Buren , ActingFirst Lady of the United States (b.1818 )December 30 –William Cormick , physician in Qajar Iran of British origin (b.1822 )[ 18] December 31 –Gustave Courbet , French painter (b.1819 )^ Mounsey, Augustus H. (1879).The Satsuma Rebellion: An Episode of Modern Japanese History ^ Pierre Crabitès,Gordon: The Sudan and Slavery (Routledge, 2016) ^ The Guinness Book of Records ^ Black, Lowell Dwight; Black, Sara Harrington (1985).An Officer and a Gentleman: The Military Career of Lieutenant Henry O. Flipper ISBN 978-0-96246-590-1 Archived from the original on November 29, 2023. RetrievedMarch 21, 2023 . ^ Stenbock-Fermor, Elizabeth (1975).The Architecture of Anna Karenina . B.R. Grüner.ISBN 1588116751 ^ "Requested Information for Lancaster County, PA" .NWS State College Tornado Database .Archived from the original on September 24, 2022. RetrievedSeptember 30, 2022 .^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.ISBN 0-14-102715-0 ^ Bruce, Robert V. (1959).1877: Year of Violence . Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.^ Hanssen, Jens-Morten (August 10, 2001)."Facts about Pillars of Society" .Ibsen.net . RetrievedFebruary 8, 2013 . ^ "Thorvald Ellegaard (1877-1954) - Dansk cykelrytter" .Lex (in Danish). September 30, 2024. RetrievedMarch 20, 2025 .^ "Pascual Ortiz Rubio" (in Spanish). Busca Biografias.Archived from the original on May 31, 2019. RetrievedMay 31, 2019 .^ "Kansanedustajat: Ville Kiviniemi" (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland:Parliament of Finland . Archived fromthe original on March 15, 2019. RetrievedJuly 13, 2023 .^ "Plutarco Elías Calles" (in Spanish). Busca Biografias.Archived from the original on May 31, 2019. RetrievedMay 31, 2019 .^ Abrahams, Israel (1968)."Alexander, Morris" . In De Kock, W. J. (ed.).Dictionary of South African Biography . Vol. 1 (1st ed.). p. 10.OCLC 85921202 .^ Igor I. Kaliganov, ed. (2020).Materials for the virtual Museum of Slavic Cultures. Issue II ISBN 978-5-7576-0440-4 ^ Haufe, Kay (May 14, 2023)."Die vergessene Dresdner Heldin: Marie-Simon-Grab erneuert" [The Forgotten Dresden Heroine: Marie Simon Grave Renewed].Sächsische Zeitung Archived from the original on August 26, 2023. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023 . ^ Cresswell, Jenita (February 5, 2016)."Runeberg: a patriotic 19th-century rapper" .Thisisfinland .Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Finland) .Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. RetrievedDecember 9, 2020 . ^ Momen, Moojan (1993)."Cormick, William" .Encyclopaedia Iranica . Vol. VI fasc. 3. pp. 275– 276.Archived from the original on May 24, 2019. RetrievedMay 22, 2019 .1877 Annual Cyclopedia (1878)Bellesiles, Michael A. (2010).1877: America's Year of Living Violently ISBN 9781595584410 Bruce, Robert V. (1957).1877: Year of Violence . I.R. Dee.ISBN 9780929587059 online Lloyd, John P. "The strike wave of 1877" inThe Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History (2009) pp 177-190.online Piper, Jessica. "The great railroad strike of 1877: A catalyst for the American labor movement."History Teacher 47.1 (2013): 93-110.online 
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
