| Discovery [1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | C. J. van Houten I. van Houten-G. T. Gehrels |
| Discovery site | Palomar Obs. |
| Discovery date | 13 May 1971 |
| Designations | |
| (8967) Calandra | |
| Pronunciation | /kəˈlændrə/[2] |
Named after | Miliaria calandra (a species of bunting)[3] |
| 4878 T-1 · 1978 RM11 1992 EH15 | |
| main-belt · (outer) [4] background | |
| Orbital characteristics [1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 45.76 yr (16,714 days) |
| Aphelion | 3.4081AU |
| Perihelion | 2.7043 AU |
| 3.0562 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.1151 |
| 5.34yr (1,952 days) | |
| 99.067° | |
| 0° 11m 4.2s / day | |
| Inclination | 9.7428° |
| 170.63° | |
| 171.63° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 8.382±0.103 km[5][6] 10.92 km(calculated)[4] |
| 5.2427±0.0036h[7] | |
| 0.057(assumed)[4] 0.174±0.030[5][6] | |
| C [4] | |
| 13.1[1] · 13.54[4] · 12.9[5] · 13.086±0.004[7] · 13.30±0.10[8] | |
8967 Calandra, provisional designation4878 T-1, is a carbonaceous backgroundasteroid from the outer region of theasteroid belt, approximately 9 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 May 1971, by Dutch astronomer coupleIngrid andCornelis van Houten at Leiden Observatory, on photographic plates taken by Dutch–American astronomerTom Gehrels at thePalomar Observatory in California.[9] It is named after thecorn bunting(Emberiza calandra).[3]
Calandra is a non-family asteroid from the main belt'sbackground population. It orbits the Sun in theouter main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.4 AU once every 5 years and 4 months (1,952 days). Its orbit has aneccentricity of 0.12 and aninclination of 10° with respect to theecliptic.[1] Noprecoveries were taken prior to its discovery.[9]
Thesurvey designation "T-1" stands for the firstPalomar–Leiden Trojan survey, named after the fruitful collaboration of the Palomar andLeiden Observatory in the 1960s and 1970s. Gehrels used Palomar'sSamuel Oschin telescope (also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope), and shipped thephotographic plates to Cornelis and Ingrid van Houten at Leiden Observatory whereastrometry was carried out. The trio of astronomers are credited with the discovery of 4,620 minor planets.[10]
A photometriclightcurve ofCalandra obtained at thePalomar Transient Factory in California in 2011, gave arotation period of5.2427±0.0036 hours with a brightness variation of 0.58magnitude (U=2).[7]
According to the survey carried out by theNEOWISE mission of NASA'sWide-field Infrared Survey Explorer,Calandra measures 8.4 kilometers in diameter and its surface has analbedo of 0.17.[5][6] TheCollaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo forcarbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and hence calculates a larger diameter of 10.2 kilometers with anabsolute magnitude of 13.54.[4]
Thisminor planet is named for the passerine bird,Miliaria calandra orEmberiza calandra, also known as thecorn bunting.[3] It is listed as an endangered species on theEuropean Red List of Birds.[11] The approved naming citation was published by theMinor Planet Center on 2 February 1999 (M.P.C. 33794; 34089).[12]
