| 819th Strategic Aerospace Division | |
|---|---|
_of_the_95th_Bombardment_Wing.jpg) Boeing B-52 of the division's95th Bombardment Wing | |
| Active | 1956–1966 |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Air Force |
| Role | Command of strategic strike forces |
| Insignia | |
| 819th Strategic Aerospace Division emblem[a][1] |  |
The819th Strategic Aerospace Division is an inactiveUnited States Air Force formation. Its last assignment was withSecond Air Force ofStrategic Air Command (SAC) atDyess Air Force Base, Texas, where it was inactivated on 2 July 1966.
The division was activated as the819th Air Division in 1956 to command twoBoeing B-47 Stratojet wings that SAC was organizing at Dyess. "The division emphasized flying operations, flying training, and aircraft maintenance. In fulfilling its duties, the 819th participated in numerous tactical training exercises throughout its existence."[1] Until April 1961, the division also provided supporting services at Dyess through its 819th Air Base Group.
After 1961, the wing became an operational headquarters for wings located at bases in the southwestern United States. It addedSM-65 Atlas ICBMs,Boeing B-52 Stratofortresss andBoeing KC-135 Stratotankers in 1962, and its B-47s were phased out by the middle of the following year. Themissile mission brought with it a new name,819th Strategic Aerospace Division.
The division was inactivated in 1966 and its component wings were assigned to other SAC divisions.
The819th Air Division was activated ByStrategic Air Command (SAC) atDyess Air Force Base, Texas in January 1956 as the command headquarters for Dyess in anticipation of the movement of a secondBoeing B-47 Stratojet wing to Dyess. In June, its 819th Air Base Group became the host organization for Dyess, taking over from the 341st Air Base Group, which had acted in that capacity since the fall of 1956.[2][3]
The division assumed command of the341st Bombardment Wing, flying B-47s andBoeing KC-97 Stratofreighters fromFifteenth Air Force upon the division's activation.[4] In September 1957, the96th Bombardment Wing moved to Dyess fromAltus Air Force Base, Oklahoma, where it had equipped with B-47s and KC-97s and became part of the division.[5]
Each of the division's two wings deployed as units toAndersen Air Force Base, Guam. The 96th Wing in early 1957, and the 341st wing for the first four months of 1958.[4][5] Although its wings did not deploy as units after this time, they did deploy aircrews and aircraft to such locations asRAF Bruntingthorpe,RAF Greenham Common in the United Kingdom,Zaragoza Air Base, Spain andElmendorf andEielson Air Force Bases, Alaska inOperation Reflex.[6][7]
The4th Strategic Support Squadron, flyingDouglas C-124 Globemaster IIs to support special weapons movements, and which had moved to Dyess fromEllsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota in June 1957, was reassigned to the division's 96th Wing in 1959.[5][8][9] In March 1961, the squadron's mission was transferred toAir Materiel Command and the squadron was inactivated.[10]
In June 1960 the division was assigned a unit stationed elsewhere, when the310th Bombardment Wing atSchilling Air Force Base, Kansas, another Stratojet wing, was assigned to the 819th.[11] This transfer occurred because the 310th's parent802d Air Division was inactivated as Shilling became a single wing base.[12][13]
Beginning in April 1961, the 341st wing began to phase down in anticipation of its inactivation, which occurred on 25 June 1961.[4] At the same time, the division added theSM-65 Atlas missile to its strategic forces, when the550th Strategic Missile Squadron stood up under the 310th wing in April, while the578th Strategic Missile Squadron was activated under the 96th wing in July.[5] The firstintercontinental ballistic missiles at Dyess did not go on alert until April 1962, however.[5][11] In June, the division was transformed into an operational headquarters only, when its 819th Combat Support Group was inactivated and its mission transferred to the 96th Combat Support Group, which was part of the 96th Wing. The 819th Medical Group was reassigned to the 96th Wing at the same time.[14]
In April 1962 SAC renamed its units that were responsible for both bomber and missile operations to include the word "aerospace". The division became the819th Strategic Aerospace Division and its 96th and 310th wings were renamed the 96th and 310th Strategic Aerospace Wings.[1][5][11] In July, SAC shuffled the responsibilities of its air divisions and the 310th was transferred to the22d Strategic Aerospace Division and the95th Bombardment Wing atBiggs Air Force Base, Texas was transferred from the810th Air Division to take its place.[5][11] Unlike the wings previously assigned to the 819th, the 95th wing flew theBoeing B-52 Stratofortress and theBoeing KC-135 Stratotanker.[5] The B-52 brought with it a new mission, the periodic maintenance of aircraft on airborne alert, inOperation Chrome Dome.[15] In addition, half of SAC B-52 wing aircraft were maintained on fifteen-minutealert at their home stations, fully fueled, armed and ready for combat to reduce vulnerability to a Soviet missile strike.[16]
In March 1963, the 578th became the 96th Wing's sole strategic strike unit, as the wing's three B-47 squadrons were inactivated. This was, however, only a hiatus as the337th Bombardment Squadron was activated again in September with Boeing B-52 Stratofortresses as part of SAC's program to disperse its B-52 fleet over a larger number of bases, thus making it more difficult for the Soviet Union to knock out the entire fleet with a surprise first strike.[5][17]
July 1964 saw another SAC realignment of its divisions. The 95th wing was reassigned to the12th Air Division, but its place was taken by another Stratofortress outfit, the461st Bombardment Wing atAmarillo Air Force Base, Texas.[5][18] The 461st's time with the division was short, for exactly one year later, its replaced by the11th Strategic Aerospace Wing atCarswell Air Force Base and the494th Bombardment Wing atSheppard Air Force Base, Texas, although the 494th's assignment was temporary, ending in October in preparation for the 494th wing's inactivation as the Air Force began to retire its early model B-52s.[5][19][20][21]
The division was inactivated in July 1966 and its 11th and 96th Wings were reassigned to the19th Air Division.[5][19]
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This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
