730th Air Mobility Training Squadron | |
|---|---|
 C-141B Starlifter of the 452d Air Mobility Wing over the Grand Canyon | |
| Active | 1943–1945; 1947–1952; 1952–2005; 2012–present |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Air Force |
| Role | Mobility training |
| Part of | Air Force Reserve Command |
| Garrison/HQ | Altus Air Force Base, Oklahoma |
| Engagements | European Theater of Operations |
| Decorations | Distinguished Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm |
| Insignia | |
| 730th Air Mobility Training Squadron emblem |  |
| 730th Airlift Squadron emblem[a][1] |  |
| Patch with 730th Military Airlift Squadron emblem[b][1] |  |
| Patch with 730 Bombardment Squadron emblem[c][2] |  |
| Unofficial 730th Bombardment Squadron emblem(World War II)[3] |  |
| World War II fuselage code[4][d] | 6K |
The730th Air Mobility Training Squadron is an Air Forcereserve unit stationed atAltus Air Force Base, Oklahoma, where it trains airmen onBoeing C-17 Globemaster III,Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker andBoeing KC-46 Pegasus aircraft systems. It is assigned to the507th Operations Group atTinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, but performs its training mission under the direction of the97th Air Mobility Wing ofAir Education and Training Command.
The squadron was first activated as the730th Bombardment Squadron in 1943. After training in the United States with theBoeing B-17 Flying Fortress, the squadron deployed to theEuropean Theater of Operations, participating in thestrategic bombing campaign against Germany. It earned aDistinguished Unit Citation (DUC) during an attack on a Germanjet fighter base nearKaltenkirchen in April 1945. FollowingV-E Day, the squadron returned to the United States and was inactivated.
The squadron was activated again in thereserves in 1947. Two years later, it began to train withDouglas B-26 Invaders. In August 1950, the squadron was one of the first reserve unitsmobilized for theKorean War. After filling its ranks and undergoing intensive training, the squadron deployed toFar East Air Forces and began flying combat missions. It was awarded two additional DUCs for its operations in Korea. In May 1952, the squadron was inactivated and its personnel and equipment were transferred to a regular unit that was simultaneously activated.
The squadron was activated in the reserves again two months later as the730th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron. It returned to thelight bomber mission in 1955, but the Air Force's reserve units were converting to theairlift mission, and the squadron became the730th Troop Carrier Squadron in July 1957, and in 1968 became one of the firstreserve associate units. It continued its airlift mission until inactivating in 2004. It was reactivated with its current training mission in 2012.
The 730th's mission is to train aircrews from theReserve,Air National Guard. and regular Air Force in air mobility missions, includingairlift andair refueling as a formal training unit. It also develops the faculty providing this training.[5]
Thesquadron was first activated in June 1943 atGeiger Field, Washington as the730th Bombardment Squadron, one of the four original squadrons of the452d Bombardment Group. Later that month, it moved toRapid City Army Air Base, South Dakota and began to train with theBoeing B-17 Flying Fortress. It continued training withSecond Air Force until December, when it began its movement to theEuropean Theater of Operations.[1][6] The ground echelon staged throughCamp Shanks and sailed on theRMS Queen Elizabeth on 2 January 1944. The air echelon deployed via theSouth Atlantic Wing, Air Transport Command.[7]
The squadron established itself atRAF Deopham Green in January 1944, and began operations on 4 February 1944 with a strike on an aircraft assembly plant nearBrunswick. Its strategic targets included railroadmarshalling yards nearFrankfurt, aircraft factories nearRegensberg andKassel. theball bearing factory atSchweinfurt and anoil refinery nearBohlen.[6] In September 1944, the squadron participated in the third shuttle mission, strikingChemnitz before landing in bases in the Soviet Union.[8]
The 730th was occasionally diverted to support tactical operations. It hitairfields,V-weapon launching sites, bridges and other objectives in preparations forOperation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy. It bombed enemy positions to supportOperation Cobra, the breakout atSaint Lo in July 1944 and the attacks onBrest, France in August. It supportedOperation Market Garden,airborne attacks in the Netherlands in September and, during theBattle of the Bulge, struck Germanlines of communication. It struck an airfield to supportOperation Varsity, the airborne assault across theRhine.[6]
Shortly before the end of the war, on 7 April, the squadron struck thejet fighter base atKaltenkirchen, pressing the attack despite strong fighter opposition, earning aDistinguished Unit Citation. It flew its last mission of the war on 21 April against marshalling yards atIngolstadt.[6]
AfterV-E Day, in August 1945, the squadron returned to the United States (the ground echelon once again sailed on the RMSQueen Elizabeth)[7] and was inactivated atSioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota.[1]
_Korea_May1951.jpg)
The squadron was reactivated in thereserve atLong Beach Army Air Field, California in 1947 as a very heavy bomber squadron, but conducted proficiency flying with a variety of trainer airplanes under the supervision of the 416th AAF Base Unit (later the 2347th Air Force Reserve Training Center).[9][10] In a 1949 reorganization of the reserves, it became alight bomber squadron and began to equip and train withDouglas B-26 Invaders.[f] The squadron was manned at only 25% of its authorized strength.[11]
The squadron was mobilized for theKorean War in August 1950 in the first wave of reserve mobilizations. To help bring it up to strength, the squadron was augmented by reservists assigned to the448th Bombardment Wing, which was also stationed at Long Beach, but remained in reserve status until the following year.[12] The 730th was a squadron of one of the first two reserve wings to be mobilized,[g] and administrative provisions for mobilization proved inadequate, and numerous reservists never received the telegrams calling them to active duty.[13]
The unit moved toGeorge Air Force Base, California for intensive training and to be brought up to full strength. In October, the squadron deployed toItazuke Air Base, Japan to begin combat operations.[1] It entered combat two days later, depending on support from organizations already in theater and not waiting for support from the 452d Wing's ground echelon, which arrived by ship in November.[14] The squadron operated from Japan and later from the southern tip of Korea. The squadron flew armed reconnaissance, intruder andinterdiction missions. It supported ground troops and attacked tactical targets.[6]
On 23 March 1951, the squadron led troop carrier aircraft carrying the187th Airborne Infantry Regiment in an aerial assault onMunsan-ni, strafing the front lines of theChinese Communist Forces and dropping bombs on enemy targets.[14] Prior to June 1951, the squadron had been conducting strikes primarily in the daytime. However, due to the extent of enemy night movements, after June, the 730th focused on night operations.[15] In May 1952, the squadron was inactivated and returned to the reserve. Its mission, personnel and aircraft were transferred to the95th Bombardment Squadron, which was simultaneously activated atPusan East (K-9) Air Base, South Korea.[1][16]
The squadron was redesignated the730th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron and activated in June 1952 at Long Beach, where it absorbed some of the resources of the 921st Reserve Training Wing, which was inactivated. The reserve mobilization for the Korean War, however, had left the reserve without aircraft, and the unit did not receive aircraft until July 1952.[17] Despite its tactical reconnaissance name, it was first equipped withCurtiss C-46 Commando transports. The following year, it began to equip with a mix of aircraft, including The B-26 andNorth American F-51 Mustang. In 1954 it received its first jets,Lockheed F-80 Shooting Stars.[1][18]
In 1955, the squadron once again became the730th Bombardment Squadron and trained with the Invader as a tactical bombardment unit.[18] However, at this time, theJoint Chiefs of Staff were pressuring the Air Force to provide more wartime airlift. At the same time, about 150Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcars became available from the active force. Consequently, in November 1956 the Air Force directedContinental Air Command (ConAC) to convert units to the troop carrier mission by September 1957.[19] In July 1957, the squadron became the730th Troop Carrier Squadron.[1]
As a troop carrier squadron the unit transitioned to the C-119 and flew them from Long Beach until reserve flying operations there ended in the fall of 1960 and the452d Troop Carrier Wing moved toMarch Air Force Base. The squadron had been assigned directly to the wing since April 1959, when ConAC converted its flying wings to the dual deputy organization[h] and inactivated the 452d Troop Carrier Group.[1][18] At March, in place of active duty support for reserve units, ConAC used theAir Reserve Technician Program, in which acadre of the unit consisted of full time personnel who were simultaneously civilian employees of the Air Force and held rank as members of the reserves.[20]
Since 1955, the Air Force had been detaching Air Force Reserve squadrons from their parent wing locations to separate sites. The concept offered several advantages: communities were more likely to accept the smaller squadrons than the large wings and the location of separate squadrons in smaller population centers would facilitate recruiting and manning. In time, the detached squadron program proved successful in attracting additional participants.[21] Although the dispersal of flying units was not a problem when the entire wing was called to active service, mobilizing a single flying squadron and elements to support it proved difficult. This weakness was demonstrated in the partial mobilization of reserve units during theBerlin Crisis of 1961. To resolve this, at the start of 1962, ConAC determined to reorganize its reserve wings by establishinggroups with support elements for each of its troop carrier squadrons. This reorganization would facilitate mobilization of elements of wings in various combinations when needed. However, as this plan was entering its implementation phase, another partial mobilization occurred for theCuban Missile Crisis.[22] The formation of new troop carrier groups was delayed until January for wings that had not been mobilized.[22] The944th Troop Carrier Group was formed at March on 17 January as the headquarters for the 730th and its supporting units.[18][1]
By 1968 regular air force military airlift squadrons were operating theLockheed C-141 Starlifter, while reserve heavy airlift units still flew the obsoleteDouglas C-124 Globemaster II. As the Globemaster was retired,Air Force Reserve formedassociate units with the C-141. In this program reserve units flew and maintained aircraft owned by an associated regular unit.[23] On 25 March 1968, the 730th moved toNorton Air Force Base without aircraft as an associate of the active duty63d Military Airlift Wing. In 1973, Air Force Reserve inactivated its reserve associate groups and the squadron was assigned directly to the445th Military Airlift Wing. Missions the 730th has flown includedhumanitarian relief,aeromedical flights, andairdrops of supplies andparatroopers. In 1989, the squadron participated inOperation Just Cause, the incursion into Panama that replacedManuel Noriega as its leader.[1]
In August 1992, Air Force Reserve Command reorganized its flying wings under the Objective Wing model. The squadron, along with the other flying squadrons of the 445th Wing, was assigned to the reactivated445th Operations Group. As a result of the closure of Norton as part of theUnited States Department of Defense's1988 Base Realignment and Closure Commission program, on 1 May 1994, the 729th returned to March Air Force Base, where it was assigned to the 452d Operations Group and once more operated its own planes. The 729th was renamed the730th Airlift Squadron on 1 February 1992.[1][18] In August 2005, the squadron was inactivated as the Starlifter was retired from the Air Force.[24]
In June 2012, now the730th Air Mobility Training Squadron, it was activated atAltus Air Force Base, Oklahoma as an associate to the regular Air Force97th Air Mobility Wing. It was originally assigned to the 452d Operations Group at March Air Reserve Base.[25] In August 2014, the unit was transferred to the507th Operations Group, located atTinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, but operational control of its training mission falls to the 97th Wing. The squadron's personnel are a mix of reservists andAir Reserve Technicians who make up nearly 25% of the instructors at Altus. Roughly half the personnel instruct aircrew operating theBoeing C-17 Globemaster III and the other half focus on theBoeing KC-135 Stratotanker. A handful of positions will work with the56th Air Refueling Squadron asBoeing KC-46 Pegasus training programs become active.[24]
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| Award streamer | Award | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Distinguished Unit Citation | 7 April 1945 | Germany 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Distinguished Unit Citation | 9 July-27 November 1951 | Korea 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Distinguished Unit Citation | 28 November 1951-30 April 1952 | Korea 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
 | Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 1970-30 June 1971 | 730th Military Airlift Squadron[1] |
| Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 September 1982-31 August 1984 | 730th Airlift Squadron[1] |
| Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 September 1985-31 August 1987 | 730th Military Airlift Squadron[1] |
| Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 31 January 1988-30 January 1990 | 730th Airlift Squadron[1] |
| Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 September 1995-31 August 1996 | 730th Airlift Squadron[1] |
| Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 September 1997-31 August 1999 | 730th Airlift Squadron[1] |
 | Korean Presidential Unit Citation | 27 October 1950-27 October 1951 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
 | Vietnamese Gallantry Cross with Palm | 25 March 1968-28 June 1973 | 730th Military Airlift Squadron[1] |
| Campaign Streamer | Campaign | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Air Offensive, Europe | 8 January 1944 – 5 June 1944 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Air Combat, EAME Theater | 8 January 1944 – 11 May 1945 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Normandy | 6 June 1944 – 24 July 1944 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Northern France | 25 July 1944 – 14 September 1944 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Rhineland | 15 September 1944 – 21 March 1945 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Ardennes-Alsace | 16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Central Europe | 22 March 1944 – 21 May 1945 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
 | CCF Intervention | 3 November 1950 – 24 January 1951 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| 1st UN Counteroffensive | 25 January 1951 – 21 April 1951 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| CCF Spring Offensive | 22 April 1951 – 9 July 1951 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| UN Summer-Fall Offensive | 9 July 1951 – 27 November 1951 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Second Korean Winter | 28 November 1951 – 30 April 1952 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| Korea Summer-Fall 1952 | 1 May 1952 – 10 May 1952 | 730th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
 | Just Cause | 20 December 1989 – 31 January 1990 | Panama, 730th Military Airlift Squadron[1] |
This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
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