| 5 World Trade Center | |
|---|---|
130 Liberty Street | |
 5 World Trade Center's proposed design (February 2021) | |
 Interactive map of 5 World Trade Center | |
| General information | |
| Status | Approved |
| Type | Office,Residential |
| Location | 130 Liberty Street Manhattan,New York City 10007, United States,New York, U.S. |
| Coordinates | 40°42′37″N74°00′46″W / 40.71028°N 74.01278°W /40.71028; -74.01278 |
| Elevation | 280 m |
| Height | |
| Height | 280 m |
| Architectural | 280 m |
| Roof | 910 feet (280 m)[1] |
| Top floor | 80 |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 80 |
| Floor area | 1,560,000 square feet (145,000 m2) |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect | Kohn Pedersen Fox |
| Developer | Silverstein PropertiesBrookfield Properties |
| Website | |
| www | |
5 World Trade Center (5 WTC; also referred to as130 Liberty Street)[2] is a planned skyscraper at theWorld Trade Center inLower Manhattan,New York City. The site is acrossLiberty Street, to the south of the main 16-acre (6.5 ha) World Trade Center site. In February 2021, it was announced the new 5 World Trade Center will be developed in a joint venture between Silverstein Properties and Brookfield Properties.[3] The proposed building shares its name with theoriginal 5 World Trade Center, which was heavily damaged as a result of thecollapse of the North Tower during theSeptember 11 attacks and was later demolished.
In June 2007,JPMorgan Chase announced plans to develop the building as the headquarters of its investment division,J.P. Morgan & Co. However, after JPMorgan Chase's acquisition ofBear Stearns in March 2008, the company relocated J.P. Morgan to383 Madison Avenue. In June 2019, thePort Authority andLower Manhattan Development Corporation agreed to a jointrequest for proposal (RFP) for the site.[4][5]
As of February 2021, a new design has been announced for the new 5 World Trade Center to be developed by Silverstein Properties and Brookfield Properties. The new design calls for a 1,560,000-square-foot (145,000 m2), 910-foot-tall (280 m) mixed-use tower.[6]
5 World Trade Center (5 WTC) was originally a steel-framed nine-story low-riseoffice building built in 1970–72 atNew York City'sWorld Trade Center. The building was designed byMinoru Yamasaki andEmery Roth & Sons. The structure was 118 ft (36 m) tall and had a black exterior. It suffered severe damage and partial collapse on its upper floors as a result of theSeptember 11 attacks in 2001. The remaining structure was demolished by thePort Authority in December 2001, making way for reconstruction. The building was L-shaped and occupied the northeast corner of theWorld Trade Center site. Overall dimensions were 330 by 420 feet (100 by 130 m), with an average area of 120,000 square feet (11,000 m2) per floor. It hosted a police desk.[7]
TheChambers Street and World Trade Center (A, C, and E trains) subway stations were located directly east of the building, and access to the station was available through the lobby. The building's remaining underground concourse space housedThe Mall at the World Trade Center. The largestBorders bookstore inNew York City spread across three floors of 5 World Trade Center, on the corner of the building adjacent to the intersection ofChurch andVesey Street.
In 1984, artist Joanna Gilman Hyde painted the 10,000-square-foot (930 m2) canvas titled "Self Organizing Galaxy" on the roof of 5 World Trade Center, a temporary art exhibit.[8] It took eight days to paint and was signed on October 10, 1984.
5 WTC was the least damaged building of the entire complex. Floors 4–9 suffered partialcollapse and/orfire damage as a result of theSeptember 11 attacks, while Floors 1–3 were not damaged. The building'sstructural integrity on its upper floors were partially compromised due to the impact of steel and other debris from theNorth Tower. Other collapsed sections were due tofire damage. Portions of internal collapse and burnout were found on upper floors, mainly floors 6–8. The black exterior facade suffered severe fire damage. Floors 5–9 were on fire after the collapse of theSouth Tower. A section of thefuselage fromUnited Airlines Flight 175 landed on the roof and a plane engine was found in the ninth floor cafeteria.[9] Part of the northeast corner remained standing after the attacks.[10] The last standing section of 5 WTC was removed by December 2001.
TheFederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)/ASCE Building Performance Study Team found that some connections between the structural steel beams failed in the fire. This was most apparent in the collapse of 5 World Trade Center, where the fireproofing did not protect the connections, causing the structure to fail. The structural failure didn't cause the entire building to collapse, as seen after the attacks that the structural skeleton remained intact.[11]
The building was the location of theSurvivors' Staircase, which was moved 200 feet alongVesey Street in 2008 to prevent further damage. In 2010, the staircase was placed inside theNational September 11 Memorial & Museum, where it resides today.
2 World Trade Center will stand at the exact location where the original 5 World Trade Center once stood.
| FL# | Companies |
|---|---|
| 9 | Credit Suisse First Boston,Howard Publications, Council of State Governments, American Shipper, Our Planet Mgmt. Institute, Ltd., Hunan Resources & Tech. Institute |
| 8 | Credit Suisse First Boston, NYS Court of Claims, Continental Forwarding |
| 7 | Credit Suisse First Boston,U.S. Airways |
| 6 | Morgan Stanley |
| 5 | Morgan Stanley |
| 4 | Morgan Stanley |
| 3 | World Trade Center Dental, Affiliated Physicians of St. Vincent, Children's Discovery Center |
| 2 | JPMorgan Chase,FedEx,DHL |
| L | Borders Books & Music, Daniel Pehr, Inc.,Krispy Kreme |
| C | Borders Books & Music,Charles Schwab,Sam Goody, Perfumeria Milano,American Airlines,Duane Reade |
| World Trade Center |
|---|
| Towers |
| Other elements |
| Artwork |
| History |
Larry Silverstein had leased the original World Trade Center from the PANYNJ on July 24, 2001.[12] His companySilverstein Properties continued to pay rent on the site even after the September 11 attacks.[13] In the months following the attacks, architects andurban planning experts held meetings and forums to discuss ideas for rebuilding the site.[14] The architectDaniel Libeskind won a competition to design the master plan for the newWorld Trade Center in February 2003.[15][16] The master plan included five towers, a 9/11 memorial, and a transportation hub.[17][18] By July 2004, there were plans to build a tower named 5 World Trade Center (5 WTC) on the site of theDeutsche Bank Building,[17] which remained standing but was slated for demolition due to heavy damage.[19] The structure would have been about 57 stories high and contained up to 1,600,000 square feet (150,000 m2) of floor space.[17][20] Six plans for the new 5 WTC were devised, five of which involved converting the building to residential use. Under these plans, the building could have contained, at most, either 1,900condominiums or 1,400 rental apartments.[21]
The plans were delayed due to disputes over who would redevelop the five towers.[22] The PANYNJ and Silverstein ultimately reached an agreement in 2006. Silverstein Properties ceded the rights to develop 5 and1 WTC in exchange for financing withLiberty bonds for2,3, and4 WTC.[23][24] The Deutsche Bank Building began undergoing deconstruction in March 2007, which was finally completed by 2011. During this time, work alongLiberty Street involved preparing the northern quadrant of the site for development. After site preparation work was done, construction began on theVehicular Security Center andLiberty Park, which are both complete as of 2016.
On June 22, 2007, thePort Authority announced thatJPMorgan Chase would spend$290 million to lease the site until 2011 for construction of a 42-story building.[25] FollowingJPMorgan Chase's acquisition ofBear Stearns in March 2008, the company announced plans to use Bear Stearns' existing headquarters at383 Madison Avenue as its new headquarters for J.P. Morgan Investment Bank.[26] The company abandoned plans to occupy a skyscraper at 130 Liberty Street.[27] A proposal to convert the planned office tower into a residential or mixed-use tower was explored instead.[27] On May 1, 2008, deconstruction of the former Deutsche Bank building resumed.[28]
By May 2009, the Port Authority was seeking to reduce the size of 2 and 3 WTC and postpone the construction of 5 WTC, citing theGreat Recession and disagreements with Silverstein.[29][30] The developer had requested that the Port Authority fund two of the towers, but the agency wanted to provide funding for only one tower.[30][31] New York City mayorMichael Bloomberg attempted to mediate the dispute with little success.[32] It was proposed in July 2009 to move the planned construction site for thePerforming Arts Center to the 130 Liberty Street location, but these plans were later rejected.[27] Also in July 2009, Silverstein wrote a letter to the development's stakeholders, recommending that the dispute go toarbitration.[33][34] Silverstein officially requested arbitration the next month.[35][36] He requested that the Port Authority pay $2.7 billion in damages.[37][38] An arbitration panel ruled in January 2010 that the agency did not owe him any damages.[37][38] However, the panel also voided a clause that would have forced Silverstein to hand over the towers to Port Authority if they were not completed by 2014.[38][39]
The Port Authority announced in March 2010 that it had assumed responsibility for the development of 5 World Trade Center, in addition toOne World Trade Center, theNational September 11 Memorial & Museum, thetransportation hub, and other site infrastructure. Towers 2, 3, and 4 would continue to be developed bySilverstein Properties.[40] Later that year, New York University had expressed interest in expanding to 5 World Trade Center as part of its NYU 2031 program.[41] These plans were also eventually rejected. The deconstruction of theDeutsche Bank Building was completed in February 2011, and construction of another World Trade Center project, theVehicular Security Center and Tour Bus Parking Facilities began.[42] Development of the site was officially given to thePort Authority of New York and New Jersey.[43] On September 1, 2011, thePort Authority of New York and New Jersey began construction to incorporate the site into the new WTC development, acting as its developer.[44][45]
GovernorAndrew Cuomo signed an agreement in October 2011 to rebuild theSt. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church inLiberty Park.[46] The church would be located adjacent to the future Liberty Park, which would be built on top of theVehicular Security Center.[47] That December, Phase 2 construction of the South bathtub, located on the site of 130 Liberty Street, continued with the excavation and concrete placement.[48] By mid-2013, the ground was prepared for construction. A walkway that is next to the site of 5 WTC would be constructed into a supermarket. By 2014, the ground had been transformed into parking spaces for vehicles belonging to the Port Authority Police Department (PAPD). According to the agency, this usage of the site is only temporary.
In June 2019, a joint RFP was issued following a deal between Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation with the agencies to split the proceeds. In November 2019 a possible partnership betweenSilverstein Properties andBrookfield Properties was reported to develop the site.[4][5] That partnership was confirmed in February 2021, and a new design was unveiled, with construction slated to begin in 2023.[3] Silverstein Properties was considering two options for the site: a 60-story tower with 810affordable housing apartments, and an 80-story tower with 1,620 apartments.[49]
By early 2023, the plan called for 25 percent of the building's apartments to beaffordable housing units, prompting concerns from organizations such as Coalition for a 100% Affordable 5WTC.[50][51] Members of the coalition wished for the tower to be composed entirely of affordable housing to accommodate first responders and survivors of the September 11 attacks.[52] The state agreed in May 2023 to set aside 30 percent of apartments, or 360 units, as affordable housing, but it also raised the minimum and maximum income thresholds for the affordable housing units.[50][51] The Public Authorities Control Board approved plans for the building in July 2023; the proposal included 1,200 residences, of which 400 would be affordable housing units.[53][54] Twenty percent of the affordable apartments would be reserved for people who worked or lived in Lower Manhattan when the September 11 attacks occurred.[55]
The original design for the tower was byKohn Pedersen Fox,[56] and called for a 42-story building with a seven-floorcantilevered section starting at the 12th floor. This section of the building would have housedJPMorgan Chase's large trading floors, rising above theSt. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, and would be taller than7 World Trade Center.[57] As of September 2013, theLower Manhattan Development Corporation and Port Authority were actively marketing the site, but had not released any information about the building.[58]
In June 2018,New York YIMBY reported on a new design for the tower, after a rendering was spotted on a fence surrounding the construction site, hinting an announcement from thePort Authority may be coming soon. According to the article, it is "a glassy building with a triangular motif reminiscent of the David Childs-designed1 WTC. The depiction is roughly 70 stories in height, which could indicate yet another supertall is planned for the area."[59]
In February 2021, a new design was announced for the new 5 World Trade Center to be developed by Silverstein Properties and Brookfield Properties. The new design calls for a 910-foot (280 m) tall mixed use tower rising 80 stories. The tower will consist mainly of 1,200,000 square feet (110,000 m2) of residential space spread over 69 floors, numbering 1,325 units, with 30 percent or roughly 360 units of the apartments being set aside for permanent affordable housing.[60] The base of the tower will include the lobbies, 7,000 square feet (650 m2) of retail, 55,000 square feet (5,100 m2) of public amenity space spread across 2 floors, a floor with 12,000 square feet (1,100 m2) of public space and 190,000 square feet (18,000 m2) of office space spread across 6 floors. At the time, construction was scheduled to begin in 2024 and take five years.[3][6] Scale models of the building were publicly revealed in September 2024, although Silverstein was still trying to secure funding for the tower at the time.[61][62]
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