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591

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Calendar year

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	5th century 6th century 7th century
Decades:	570s 580s 590s 600s 610s
Years:	588 589 590 591 592 593 594
	v t e

591 by topic
Leaders
Political entities State leaders Religious leaders
Categories
Births Deaths
v t e

591 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar	591 DXCI
Ab urbe condita	1344
Armenian calendar	40 ԹՎ Խ
Assyrian calendar	5341
Balinese saka calendar	512–513
Bengali calendar	−3 – −2
Berber calendar	1541
Buddhist calendar	1135
Burmese calendar	−47
Byzantine calendar	6099–6100
Chinese calendar	庚戌年 (Metal Dog) 3288 or 3081 — to — 辛亥年 (Metal Pig) 3289 or 3082
Coptic calendar	307–308
Discordian calendar	1757
Ethiopian calendar	583–584
Hebrew calendar	4351–4352
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	647–648
-Shaka Samvat	512–513
-Kali Yuga	3691–3692
Holocene calendar	10591
Iranian calendar	31 BP – 30 BP
Islamic calendar	32 BH – 31 BH
Javanese calendar	480–481
Julian calendar	591 DXCI
Korean calendar	2924
Minguo calendar	1321 beforeROC 民前1321年
Nanakshahi calendar	−877
Seleucid era	902/903AG
Thai solar calendar	1133–1134
Tibetan calendar	阳金狗年 (male Iron-Dog) 717 or 336 or −436 — to — 阴金猪年 (female Iron-Pig) 718 or 337 or −435

KingKhosrau II ofPersia (590–628)

Year591 (DXCI) was acommon year starting on Monday of theJulian calendar. The denomination 591 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when theAnno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

Byzantine–Sassanid War: EmperorMaurice, seeing an opportunity to end the prolonged war to the advantage ofConstantinople, assistsKhosrau II to regain the Persianthrone. He sends aByzantine army (35,000 men) underNarses intoMesopotamia, throughSyria. At the same time, an expeditionary force inArmenia advances throughCaucasian Iberia intoMedia (modernAzerbaijan).
Battle of Blarathon: A Persian army of about 40,000 men under KingBahrām VI is defeated, in the lowlands nearGanzak (northwesternIran), by theByzantines. Bahrām flees to seekrefuge with theTurks inCentral Asia, and settles inFergana.^[1] However, after some time, he is murdered by a hiredassassin of Khosrau II.^[2]
Summer – Maurice begins a series ofmilitary expeditions, to defend theBalkan provinces from theAvars andSlavs. He establishes theDanube frontier (Limes Moesiae) from the Delta to the fortress city ofSingidunum (Belgrade), and permits the Byzantines to reassert their authority in the interior.^[3]

Europe

Agilulf, cousin ofAuthari (called "theThuringian"), is raised on the shield (a ceremonial investment) byLombard warriors inMilan. He becomes king of theLombards, on advice of the Lombard dukes (dux). Agilulf marries widowed queenTheodelinda and isbaptized to please her.
Arechis I succeeds his uncleZotto as the secondDuke of Benevento.
Alocust swarm destroys theharvest in NorthernItaly (approximate date).

Persia

Khosrau II is reinstalled as king of thePersian Empire. Peace with Constantinople is concluded after a war of almost 20 years. Maurice receives the Persian provinces ofArmenia andGeorgia. The recognition of the traditional frontiers, and the cessation of subsidies for theCaucasus forts, leaves the Byzantines in a dominant position in their relations withPersia.

Asia

The firstcity wall ofHangzhou (Eastern China) is constructed.

Mesoamerica

May 21 – AMesoamerican ballgame court is dedicated at theMayan city ofChinkultic (Mexico).

By topic

Religion

PopeGregory I criticizes thebishops ofArles andMarseille for allowing the forced baptism ofJews inProvence (France).
Jnanagupta, AfghanBuddhist monk, translates theVimalakirti Sutra intoChinese.

Births

Cadwallon ap Cadfan, king ofGwynedd (approximate date)
Gundeberga, queen of theLombards
Li Xiaogong, prince of theTang dynasty (d.640)
Su Dingfang, general of the Tang dynasty (d.667)

Deaths

Aredius,abbot andsaint
Faroald I,duke of Spoleto (or592)
Garibald I,duke of Bavaria (b.540)
Golindouch, Persian saint
John Mystacon, Byzantine general (approximate date)
Peter III of Raqqa,Patriarch of Antioch
Li Delin, Chinese official andwriter (b.531)
Yan Zhitui, Chinese scholar andofficial (b.531)
Zotto, founder of theDuchy of Benevento

References

^Gumilev L.N.Bahram Chubin, p. 229–230
^Usanova M. Ismoil Somonii waqfnomasi, p. 29
^Rome at War (p. 60). Michael Whitby, 2002.ISBN 1-84176-359-4

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