| 57th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
56th ← → 58th | |
 United States Capitol (1906) | |
March 4, 1901 – March 4, 1903 | |
| Members | 90 senators 357 representatives 5 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Theodore Roosevelt (R)[a] (until September 14, 1901) Vacant (from September 14, 1901) |
| House majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | David B. Henderson (R) |
| Sessions | |
| Special[b]: March 4, 1901 – March 9, 1901 1st: December 2, 1901 – July 1, 1902 2nd: December 1, 1902 – March 3, 1903 | |
The57th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of theUnited States Senate and theUnited States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1901, to March 4, 1903, during the final six months ofWilliam McKinley'spresidency, and the first year and a half of the firstadministration of his successor,Theodore Roosevelt. The apportionment of seats in theHouse of Representatives was based on the1890 United States census. Both chambers had aRepublican majority.
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) | Populist (P) | Republican (R) | Silver Republican (SR) | Silver (S) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 25 | 5 | 53 | 3 | 2 | 88 | 2 |
| Begin | 28 | 3 | 53 | 2 | 0 | 86 | 4 |
| End | 29 | 2 | 57 | 90 | 0 | ||
| Final voting share | 32.2% | 2.2% | 63.3% | 2.2% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 33 | 0 | 55 | 2 | 0 | 90 | 0 |
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) | Populist (P) | Republican (R) | Silver Republican (SR) | Silver (S) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 158 | 6 | 186 | 2 | 1 | 353 | 4 |
| Begin | 152 | 5 | 196 | 1 | 1 | 355 | 2 |
| End | 147 | 197 | 351 | 6 | |||
| Final voting share | 41.9% | 1.4% | 56.1% | 0.3% | 0.3% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 178 | 0 | 206 | 0 | 0 | 384 | 2 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
At this time, senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. TheSenate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, precede the names in the list below. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1904; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1906; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1902.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Note:Delaware's Class 1 Senate seat remained vacant for entire Congress due to the legislature's failure to elect.
| State (class) | Vacated by | Reason for vacancy | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montana (1) | Vacant | SenatorWilliam A. Clark vacated his seat during previous congress. Successor waselected March 7, 1901. | Paris Gibson (D) | March 7, 1901 |
| Delaware (1) | Vacant | Seat remained vacant as Legislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term. Senator waselected March 2, 1903 for the term ending March 4, 1905. | L. Heisler Ball (R) | March 2, 1903 |
| Delaware (2) | Vacant | Legislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term. Senator waselected March 2, 1903 for the term ending March 4, 1907. | J. Frank Allee (R) | March 2, 1903 |
| Nebraska (2) | Vacant | Legislature failed to elect to fill vacancy in term. Successor waselected March 28, 1901. | Joseph Millard (R) | March 28, 1901 |
| Nebraska (1) | William V. Allen (Pop.) | Interim appointee did not run to finish the term. Successor was elected March 28, 1901. Successor delayed taking seat until December 2, 1901, after resigning asGovernor of Nebraska on May 1, 1901, but his service began on the date of his election, March 28, 1901. | Charles H. Dietrich (R) | December 2, 1901 |
| South Dakota (3) | James H. Kyle (R) | Died July 1, 1901. Successor was appointed July 11, 1901, to continue the term and subsequentlyelected January 20, 1903, to finish the term.[2] | Alfred B. Kittredge (R) | July 11, 1901 |
| New Jersey (2) | William J. Sewell (R) | Died December 27, 1901. Successor waselected. | John F. Dryden (R) | January 29, 1902 |
| Michigan (2) | James McMillan (R) | Died August 10, 1902. Successor was appointed September 27, 1902, to continue the term and subsequentlyelected December 7, 1902, to finish the term.. | Russell A. Alger (R) | September 27, 1902 |
| District | Previous | Reason for change | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maine 4th | Vacant | Rep.Charles A. Boutelle resigned during previous congress | Llewellyn Powers (R) | April 8, 1901 |
| New York 24th | Vacant | Rep.Albert D. Shaw died during previous congress | Charles L. Knapp (R) | November 5, 1901 |
| Pennsylvania 10th | Marriott H. Brosius (R) | Died March 16, 1901 | Henry B. Cassel (R) | November 5, 1901 |
| Michigan 10th | Rousseau O. Crump (R) | Died May 1, 1901 | Henry H. Aplin (R) | October 15, 1901 |
| Texas 6th | Robert E. Burke (D) | Died June 5, 1901. | Dudley G. Wooten (D) | July 13, 1901 |
| South Carolina 7th | J. William Stokes (D) | Died July 6, 1901. | Asbury F. Lever (D) | July 13, 1901 |
| New York 7th | Nicholas Muller (D) | Resigned November 22, 1901. | Montague Lessler (R) | January 7, 1902 |
| Pennsylvania 17th | Rufus K. Polk (D) | Died March 5, 1902. | Alexander Billmeyer (D) | November 4, 1902 |
| Kentucky 3rd | John S. Rhea (D) | Lost contested election March 25, 1902 | J. McKenzie Moss (R) | March 25, 1902 |
| Massachusetts 6th | William H. Moody (R) | Resigned May 1, 1902, after being appointedU.S. Secretary of the Navy | Augustus P. Gardner (R) | November 4, 1902 |
| Missouri 12th | James J. Butler (D) | Seat declared vacant May 1, 1902. Butler elected to fill his own vacancy. | James J. Butler (D) | November 4, 1902 |
| New York 10th | Amos J. Cummings (D) | Died May 2, 1902. | Edward Swann (D) | November 4, 1902 |
| Virginia 6th | Peter J. Otey (D) | Died May 4, 1902. | Carter Glass (D) | November 4, 1902 |
| New Jersey 4th | Joshua S. Salmon (D) | Died May 6, 1902. | De Witt C. Flanagan (D) | June 18, 1902 |
| Texas 3rd | Reese C. De Graffenreid (D) | Died August 29, 1902. | Gordon J. Russell (D) | November 4, 1902 |
| New York 26th | George W. Ray (R) | Resigned September 11, 1902, after being appointed judge for theUnited States District Court for the Northern District of New York | John W. Dwight (R) | November 4, 1902 |
| Texas 4th | John L. Sheppard (D) | Died October 11, 1902. | Morris Sheppard (D) | November 15, 1902 |
| Connecticut 3rd | Charles A. Russell (R) | Died October 23, 1902 | Frank B. Brandegee (R) | November 4, 1902 |
| Pennsylvania 28th | James K. P. Hall (D) | Resigned November 29, 1902 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Oregon 1st | Thomas H. Tongue (R) | Died January 11, 1903. | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Texas 8th | S. W. T. Lanham (D) | Resigned January 15, 1903, after being electedGovernor of Texas | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Iowa 2nd | John N. W. Rumple (R) | Died January 31, 1903 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| North Carolina 9th | James M. Moody (R) | Died February 5, 1903. | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Missouri 12th | James J. Butler (D) | Lost contested election February 26, 1903. | George C. R. Wagoner (R) | February 26, 1903 |
| Kansas 7th | Chester I. Long (R) | Resigned March 4, 1903, after becomingU.S. Senator | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
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