| 53rd United States Congress | |
|---|---|
52nd ← → 54th | |
 United States Capitol (1906) | |
March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895 | |
| Members | 88 senators 356 representatives 4 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Democratic (plurality) |
| Senate President | Adlai E. Stevenson (D) |
| House majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | Charles F. Crisp (D) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: August 7, 1893 – November 3, 1893 2nd: December 4, 1893 – August 28, 1894 3rd: December 3, 1894 – March 3, 1895 | |
The53rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of theUnited States Senate and theUnited States House of Representatives. It met inWashington, D.C., from March 4, 1893, to March 4, 1895, during the first two years ofGrover Cleveland'ssecond presidency. The apportionment of seats in theHouse of Representatives was based on the1890 United States census.
TheDemocrats maintained their majority in the House (albeit reduced) and won back control of the Senate. With Grover Cleveland being sworn in on March 4, 1893, for his second stint aspresident, this also gave the Democrats an overall federal governmenttrifecta for the first time since the establishment of the Republican Party in 1854.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) | Populist (P) | Republican (R) | Silver (S) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 39 | 2 | 47 | 0 | 88 | 0 |
| Begin | 44 | 3 | 37 | 1 | 85 | 3 |
| End | 43 | 41 | 88 | 0 | ||
| Final voting share | 48.9% | 3.4% | 46.6% | 1.1% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 39 | 4 | 42 | 2 | 87 | 1 |
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) | Independent Democratic (ID) | Populist (P) | Republican (R) | Silver (S) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 233 | 0 | 9 | 86 | 0 | 328 | 4 |
| Begin | 213 | 1 | 11 | 127 | 1 | 353 | 3 |
| End | 214 | 123 | 350 | 6 | |||
| Final voting share | 61.1% | 0.3% | 3.1% | 35.1% | 0.3% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 104 | 0 | 7 | 240 | 1 | 352 | 4 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and Members of the House are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below areSenate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facingre-election in 1898; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, facingre-election in 1894; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facingre-election in 1896.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State (class) | Vacated by | Reason for vacancy | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montana (1) | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect. Successorelected January 16, 1895. | Lee Mantle (R) | January 16, 1895 |
| Wyoming (1) | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect. Successor waselected January 23, 1895. | Clarence D. Clark (R) | January 23, 1895 |
| Washington (1) | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect. John Allen was appointed to serve until March 20, 1893, but the Senate rejected his credentials. Successorelected February 1, 1895. | John L. Wilson (R) | February 19, 1895 |
| California (3) | Leland Stanford (R) | Died June 21, 1893. Successor was appointed July 26, 1893, andelected January 23, 1895. | George C. Perkins (R) | July 26, 1893 |
| Mississippi (2) | Edward C. Walthall (D) | Resigned January 24, 1894, due to ill health. Successor waselected. | Anselm J. McLaurin (D) | February 27, 1894 |
| Louisiana (3) | Edward D. White (D) | Resigned March 12, 1894, to become Associate Justice of theU.S. Supreme Court. Successor was appointed March 12, 1894, and subsequentlyelected May 23, 1894. | Newton C. Blanchard (D) | March 12, 1894 |
| Georgia (2) | Alfred H. Colquitt (D) | Died March 26, 1894. Successor was appointed April 2, 1894, and subsequentlyelected November 7, 1894. | Patrick Walsh (D) | April 2, 1894 |
| North Carolina (3) | Zebulon B. Vance (D) | Died April 14, 1894. Successor was appointed. | Thomas J. Jarvis (D) | April 19, 1894 |
| Michigan (1) | Francis B. Stockbridge (R) | Died April 30, 1894. Successor was appointed. | John Patton Jr. (R) | May 5, 1894 |
| Michigan (1) | John Patton Jr. (R) | Successor waselected January 14, 1895. | Julius C. Burrows (R) | January 24, 1895 |
| North Carolina (3) | Thomas J. Jarvis (D) | Successor waselected January 23, 1895. | Jeter C. Pritchard (R) | January 23, 1895 |
| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date successor seated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhode Island 2nd | Vacant | Late run-off election. | Charles H. Page (D) | April 5, 1893 |
| Massachusetts 7th | Vacant | Rep.Henry Cabot Lodge resigned during previous congress | William Everett (D) | April 25, 1893 |
| Wisconsin 4th | Vacant | Elected to finish term of Rep.John L. Mitchell who resigned during previous congress | Peter J. Somers (D) | August 27, 1893 |
| Pennsylvania 8th | William Mutchler (D) | Died June 23, 1893 | Howard Mutchler (D) | August 7, 1893 |
| Ohio 10th | William H. Enochs (R) | Died July 13, 1893 | Hezekiah S. Bundy (R) | December 4, 1893 |
| Michigan 1st | J. Logan Chipman (D) | Died August 17, 1893 | Levi T. Griffin (D) | December 4, 1893 |
| Pennsylvania 2nd | Charles O'Neill (R) | Died November 25, 1893 | Robert Adams Jr. (R) | December 19, 1893 |
| Pennsylvania At-large | William Lilly (R) | Died December 1, 1893 | Galusha A. Grow (R) | February 26, 1894 |
| New York 15th | Ashbel P. Fitch (D) | Resigned December 26, 1893, after becomingNew York City Comptroller | Isidor Straus (D) | December 30, 1894 |
| Virginia 7th | Charles T. O'Ferrall (D) | Resigned December 28, 1893, after being electedGovernor of Virginia | Smith S. Turner (D) | January 30, 1894 |
| New York 14th | John R. Fellows (D) | Resigned December 31, 1893, after becomingDistrict Attorney of New York City | Lemuel E. Quigg (R) | January 30, 1894 |
| Ohio 3rd | George W. Houk (D) | Died February 9, 1894 | Paul J. Sorg (D) | May 21, 1894 |
| South Carolina 1st | William H. Brawley (D) | Resigned February 12, 1894, after being appointed judge for theUnited States District Court for the District of South Carolina | James F. Izlar (D) | April 12, 1894 |
| Louisiana 4th | Newton C. Blanchard (D) | Resigned March 12, 1894, after being appointed to theU.S. Senate | Henry W. Ogden (D) | December 3, 1894 |
| Missouri 11th | Charles F. Joy (R) | Election was successfully challenged April 3, 1894 | John J. O'Neill (D) | April 3, 1894 |
| California 3rd | Samuel G. Hilborn (R) | Election was successfully challenged April 4, 1894 | Warren B. English (D) | May 12, 1894 |
| Ohio 2nd | John A. Caldwell (R) | Resigned April 4, 1894, after becomingMayor of Cincinnati | Jacob H. Bromwell (R) | December 3, 1894 |
| Maryland 1st | Robert F. Bratton (D) | Died May 10, 1894 | W. Laird Henry (D) | November 6, 1894 |
| Maryland 5th | Barnes Compton (D) | Resigned May 15, 1894, after being appointed as a naval officer | Charles E. Coffin (R) | November 6, 1894 |
| Kentucky 10th | Marcus C. Lisle (D) | Died July 7, 1894 | William M. Beckner (D) | December 3, 1894 |
| Kansas 2nd | Edward H. Funston (R) | Election was successfully challenged August 2, 1894 | Horace L. Moore (D) | August 2, 1894 |
| Arkansas 2nd | Clifton R. Breckinridge (D) | Resigned August 14, 1894, after being appointedMinister to Russia | John S. Little (D) | December 3, 1894 |
| Wisconsin 7th | George B. Shaw (R) | Died August 27, 1894 | Michael Griffin (R) | November 5, 1894 |
| Alabama 3rd | William C. Oates (D) | Resigned November 5, 1894, after being electedGovernor of Alabama | George P. Harrison Jr. (D) | November 6, 1894 |
| Pennsylvania 15th | Myron B. Wright (R) | Died November 13, 1894 | Edwin J. Jorden (R) | February 23, 1895 |
| New York 11th | Amos J. Cummings (D) | Resigned November 21, 1894 | Vacant until next Congress | |
| Kentucky 9th | Thomas H. Paynter (D) | Resigned January 5, 1895, after being elected judge for theKentucky Court of Appeals | Vacant until next Congress | |
| Illinois 10th | Philip S. Post (R) | Died January 6, 1895 | Vacant until next Congress | |
| Illinois At-large | John C. Black (D) | Resigned January 12, 1895, to becomeUnited States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois | Vacant until next Congress | |
| Michigan 3rd | Julius C. Burrows (R) | Resigned January 23, 1895, after being elected to theU.S. Senate | Vacant until next Congress | |
| Washington At-large | John L. Wilson (R) | Resigned February 18, 1895, after being elected to theU.S. Senate | Vacant until next Congress | |
Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
