The inclusion ofRomania into the 5+2 format has been proposed.[7] Initially, negotiations to resolve the Transnistria conflict took place in a "4" format, including Moldova, Russia, Ukraine and Romania. However, after the signing of theTransnistria War ceasefire agreement on 21 July 1992 by Moldovan presidentMircea Snegur and Russian presidentBoris Yeltsin, Romania was excluded from the negotiation process in 1993.[8]
The 5+2 format started in 2005, but due to the notice sent by Ukraine to theEuropean Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM) regarding the great amount of Transnistrian smuggling on Ukrainian territory, Transnistria and Russia suspended formal negotiations in 2006, with them only being formally resumed in 2012.[9]
In June 2016, through 5+2 format negotiations, eight points to work on during negotiations were agreed upon between Moldova and Transnistria, these points being collectively known as theBerlin Plus package. By April 2018, six of these points had been implemented, after which negotiations stalled due to domestic and global changes.[10]
In 2022, 5+2 format negotiations were rendered impossible as a result of theRussian invasion of Ukraine, as both Russia and Ukraine are members of the format.[11]
