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460s

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Decade

Millennium
1st millennium
Centuries
4th century 5th century 6th century
Decades
440s 450s 460s 470s 480s
Years
460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469
Categories
Births Deaths Establishments Disestablishments
v t e

The460s decade ran from January 1, 460, to December 31, 469.

Events

460

This section istranscluded fromAD 460.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

EmperorMajorian gathers an expeditionary force (Alans and otherbarbarians) inLiguria, and entersAquitaine after a long march, where he visits KingTheodoric II atToulouse.
Majorian invadesHispania; his generalsNepotianus andSunieric lead aVisigoth army intoGallaecia. TheSuebi are defeated andLusitania (modernPortugal) is conquered.
KingGenseric, fearing aRoman invasion, tries to negotiate peace with Majorian, who refuses. TheVandals devastateMauretania andMoorish warriors poison the wells.
Majorian assembles a large fleet inNova Carthago (Cartagena) in preparation for an invasion of theVandal Kingdom in Africa. However, King Genseric organizes an attack on the fleet, using individuals sympathetic to the Vandals to conduct the raid. The fleet is destroyed and the expedition is abandoned.^[1]
EmperorLeo I founds theExcubitors (imperial guard) atConstantinople; this elitetagmatic unit (300 men) is recruited from among the warlikeIsaurians (approximate date).

Europe

March 27 (night) –Swabians invade theGallic city ofLugo. Thegovernor is killed.

Asia

TheHepthalites (White Huns) conquer the remnants of theKushan Empire and enterIndia.
Afamine that will last for several years begins in thePersian Empire (approximate date).

By topic

Art

The remodeling of the dome ofBaptistry of Neon atRavenna (Italy) is finished.
TheAjanta Caves (India) are completed (cut into the volcanicrock and elaborately painted).
The seatedBuddha in theYungang Grottoes,Datong (Shanxi), is made (approximate date).

Religion

TheCoptic Orthodox Church (Egypt) splits from theChalcedonian Orthodox Church of Alexandria.
Gennadius I,patriarch of Constantinople, banishesTimothy II,patriarch of Alexandria.

461

This section istranscluded fromAD 461.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

August 2 –Majorian is arrested nearTortona (Northern Italy), and deposed byRicimer (magister militum) aspuppet emperor.
August 7 – Majorian, having been beaten andtortured for five days, isbeheaded near theIria River (Lombardy).
Olybrius becomes the second candidate for the westernthrone. He is the husband ofPlacidia, who is being held in Vandal captivity.
November 19 –Libius Severus, Romansenator fromLucania, is declared emperor of theWestern Roman Empire.
Vandal War (461-468): KingGenseric continues theVandal raids on the coast ofSicily andItaly. Ricimer sends anembassy toCarthage.

Europe

TheVisigoths under kingTheodoric II recaptureSeptimania (SouthernGaul) after theassassination of Majorian, and invadeHispania again.
Aegidius becomes ruler over theDomain of Soissons (Gaul). He has friendly relations with theRomano-British (inBrittany).

Anatolia

461 Apahunik' earthquake. It affected the province of Apahunik', located to the north ofLake Van, inAnatolia.^[2]

By topic

Religion

November 10 –Pope Leo I dies atRome, age 61 (approximate), after a 21-year reign in which he has resistedManichaeism and defended the Church againstNestorianism. He is succeeded byHilarius as the 46thpope.
Mamertus is electedbishop of Vienne (Gaul).

462

This section istranscluded fromAD 462.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

September 1 – Possible start of the firstByzantine indiction cycle.^{[citation needed]}
Vandal War (461-468): After negotiations EmperorLeo I pays a largeransom forLicinia Eudoxia andPlacidia. They return after seven years of captivity inCarthage.^[3]
TheMonastery of Stoudios is founded in Constantinople.^{[citation needed]}

Asia

TheDaming calendar is introduced inChina by mathematicianZu Chongzhi (approximate date).^{[citation needed]}

463

This section istranscluded fromAD 463.(edit |history)

By place

Europe

Childeric I, king of theSalian Franks, allies with theRoman generalAegidius. During a battle nearOrléans, theVisigoths under KingTheodoric II are defeated by theFranks while crossing theLoire River.
TheSuebi live under adiarchy, and fight acivil war over the kingship inGalicia (NorthernSpain).^[4]

Asia

TheKibi Clan Rebellion against theYamato state (Japan) in theKorean Peninsula begins.

464

This section istranscluded fromAD 464.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

Olybrius is electedRoman consul by the Eastern court inConstantinople.

Europe

TheSuevic nation inGalicia (NorthernSpain) is unified under KingRemismund.
KingTheodoric II sends Remismund gifts (for recognizing his kingship), including weapons, and aGothic princess for a wife.
Aegidius dies (possiblypoisoned) and is succeeded by his sonSyagrius, who becomes ruler of theDomain of Soissons (Gaul).

465

This section istranscluded fromAD 465.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

Basiliscus, with the help of his sisterVerina (wife of emperorLeo I), becomes aconsul in theEastern Roman Empire.
August 15 –Libius Severus,puppet emperor of theWestern Roman Empire, dies after a 4-year reign.
September 2 – A fire begins inConstantinople and, over the next six days, destroys the buildings in eight of the 14 sections into which the Eastern Roman Imperial capital had been divided.^[5]
Ricimer,de facto ruler, establishes political control for 2 years from his residence inRome.

Britannia

Battle of Wippedesfleot: TheSaxons under command ofHengist andAesc are defeated by theBritons nearEbbsfleet (Kent). During the battle 12Welsh leaders are killed (according to theAnglo-Saxon Chronicle).

Europe

KingRemismund establishes a policy of friendship with theVisigoths, and promotes the conversion of theSuebi intoArianism inGalicia (NorthernSpain).

China

Qian Fei Di, thenMing Di, becomes ruler of theLiu Song dynasty after his nephew is assassinated.

By topic

Religion

November 19 –Pope Hilarius convokes asynod at Rome'sChurch of Santa Maria Maggiore.
Peter the Fuller becomespatriarch of Antioch (approximate date).

466

This section istranscluded fromAD 466.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

EmperorLeo I repels theHun invasion ofDacia (modernRomania). They ravage theBalkans but are unable to takeConstantinople thanks to thecity walls, which are rebuilt and reinforced.
Tarasicodissa, anIsaurian officer, comes with evidence thatArdabur (magister militum) is forming aconspiracy against Leo I. Ardabur is arrested fortreason.
Tarasicodissa adopts the Greek name of Zeno and marriesAriadne, eldest daughter of Leo I (approximate date).

Europe

KingTheodoric II is killed by his younger brotherEuric, who succeeds him on thethrone. He conquersHispania and theharbor city ofMarseille (SouthernGaul), adding them to the existingVisigothic Kingdom.
Euric sends anembassy to theEastern Roman Empire for recognition of the Visigothsovereignty. He forms analliance with theSuebi and theVandals.
A council of twelvetownships emerges on the islands in theVenetian lagoon, to form a basic system ofgovernance (approximate date).

By topic

Religion

Peter the Fuller is deposed aspatriarch of Antioch;Julian is elected as his successor.

467

This section istranscluded fromAD 467.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

April 12 – EmperorLeo I has his generalAnthemius elected emperor of theWestern Roman Empire. He allies himself withRicimer,de facto ruler ofRome, and marries Anthemius's daughterAlypia to him, to strengthen the relationship and end the hostilities between the Eastern and Western Empire.
Summer –Vandal War (461-468): KingGenseric extends hispirate raids in theMediterranean Sea; theVandals sack and enslave the people living inIllyricum, thePeloponnese and other parts ofGreece. Leo I joins forces with the Western Empire.

Britannia

AncientHillforts in Britain are re-fortified, and theWansdyke is built (approximate date).

Asia

EmperorSkandagupta dies after a 12-year reign, asHuns consolidate their conquests in westernIndia. He is succeeded by his half-brotherPurugupta.

468

This section istranscluded fromAD 468.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

EmperorLeo I assembles a massive naval expedition atConstantinople, which costs 64,000 pounds ofgold (more than a year's revenue) and consists of over 1,100 ships carrying 100,000 men. It is the greatest fleet ever sent against theVandals and brings Leo near tobankruptcy.
EmperorAnthemius sends a Roman expedition under command ofMarcellinus. He expels the Vandals fromSicily and retakesSardinia. The Eastern generalHeraclius of Edessa lands with a force on theLibyan coast, east ofCarthage, and advances fromTripolitania.
Battle of Cape Bon: The Vandals defeat theRoman navy underBasiliscus, anchored atPromontorium Mercurii, 45 miles from Carthage (Tunisia). During peace negotiationsGenseric usesfire ships, filling them with brushwood and pots ofoil, destroying 700 imperialgalleys. Basiliscus escapes with his surviving fleet to Sicily, harassed all the way byMoorish pirates.
August – Marcellinus is murdered in Sicily, probably at the instigation of his political rival,Ricimer. Heraclius is left to fight alone against the Vandals; after a 2-year campaign in thedesert he returns to Constantinople.
Basiliscus returns to Constantinople after a disastrous expedition against the Vandals. He is forced to seek sanctuary in the church ofHagia Sophia to escape the wrath of the people. Leo I gives him imperialpardon, but banishes him for 3 years toHeraclea Sintica (Thrace).
Dengizich, son ofAttila the Hun, sends anembassy to Constantinople to demand money. Leo I offers theHuns settlement in Thrace in exchange for recognition of his authority. Dengizich refuses and crosses theDanube.
Roman forces underAnagast defeat the Huns at the riverUtus (Vit, Bulgaria). Dengizich is killed and his head is paraded through the streets of Constantinople. Stuck on the end of a wooden pole, it is displayed above theXylokerkos Gate.^[6]
The Vandals reconquer Sicily, administering a decisive defeat to theWestern forces.

By topic

Religion

February 29 –Pope Hilarius dies atRome after a 6½-year reign, and is succeeded bySimplicius as the 47thpope.

469

This section istranscluded fromAD 469.(edit |history)

By place

Roman Empire

Ostrogoth princeTheodoric, age 15, returns toPannonia, after living as a childhostage at the court of EmperorLeo I inConstantinople (see459).^[7]

Europe

Copy of thesignet ring of KingChilderic I

TheVandals invadeEpirus (modernGreece). They are expelled from thePeloponnese (Greece) and in retaliation, the Vandals take 500 hostages atZakynthos. On the way back toCarthage they^{[clarification needed]}are slaughtered.
KingEuric declares himself independent from theWestern Roman Empire. He extends theVisigothic power inHispania; conquering the cities ofPamplona,Zaragoza andMérida.

By topic

Religion

TheVatican makes a pact with theSalian Frankish kingChilderic I, agreeing to call him "the newConstantine" on condition that he accept conversion toChristianity.

Significant people

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Births

Transcluding articles:460,461,462,463,464,465,466,467,468, and469

460

Budic II, king ofBrittany (approximate date)
Hilderic, king of theVandals andAlans (approximate date)
Romulus Augustulus, last emperor of theWestern Roman Empire (approximate date)
Sanghapala,Mon-Khmer monk (d.524)

461

Hilderic, king of theVandals (approximate date)
Romulus Augustulus, emperor of the Western Roman Empire

462

Anicia Juliana, daughter ofOlybrius
Muryeong, king ofBaekje (Korea)
Yu Zhong, official andregent ofNorthern Wei (d.518)

463

Houfei Di, emperor of theLiu Song dynasty (d.477)

464

Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf, great-grandfather ofMohammed (approximate date)
Wu Di, Chinese emperor of theLiang dynasty (d.549)^[8]

465

July 5 –Ahkal Moʼ Nahb I,Maya ruler ofPalenque (d.524)
Dubricius,bishop andsaint (approximate date)
Liberius, Roman aristocrat (approximate date)
Procopius of Gaza, Christiansophist andrhetorician (approximate date)^[9]
Severus,patriarch of Antioch (approximate date)
Zacharias Rhetor, bishop and ecclesiastic historian (approximate date)^[9]

466

Arthur, king of theBritons (approximate date according to legend)
Clovis I, firstking of the Franks (approximate date)
Xu Mian, high official of theLiang dynasty (d.535)

467

October 13 –Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei, emperor ofNorthern Wei (d.499)
Cerdic, first king ofAnglo-Saxon Wessex (approximate date)
Leo II,Byzantine emperor (d.474)^[10]
Emperor Shun of Liu Song, Chinese emperor ofLiu Song (d.479)

468

Nectan of Hartland,Welsh prince andsaint (approximate date)

469

Zhou She, high official of theLiang dynasty (d.524)

Deaths

Transcluding articles:460,461,462,463,464,465,466,467,468, and469

460

October 20 –Aelia Eudocia,Roman empress and wife ofTheodosius II
Ardaric, king of theGepids (approximate date)
Juqu Anzhou, prince of the ChineseXiongnu statesNorthern Liang

461

August 7 –Majorian, emperor of theWestern Roman Empire
November 10 –Pope Leo I
Palladius, firstbishop ofIreland (approximate date)

462

Lóegaire mac Néill,High King of Ireland

463

Frumar,Suevic king of Galicia (approximate date)
Richimund, Suevic king of Galicia (approximate date)
Romanus of Condat,hermit andsaint (approximate date)

464

Aegidius, Roman general (magister militum) (approximate date)
Conall Gulban, king ofTir Chonaill (approximate date)
Wang Xianyuan, empress and wife ofXiao Wu Di (b.427)
Xiao Wu Di, emperor of theLiu Song dynasty (b.430)

465

May 5 –Gerontius, Archbishop of Milan
June 20 –Wen Cheng Di, emperor of Northern Wei (b.440)
August 15 –Libius Severus, emperor of theWestern Roman Empire
Buliugu Li, official of theNorthern Wei dynasty
Eógan mac Néill, king ofTír Eoghain (Ireland)
Liu Chuyu, princess of theLiu Song dynasty^[11]

466

January 1 –Emperor Qianfei, emperor of theLiu Song dynasty (b.449)
Liu Zixun, prince andpretender ofLiu Song (b.456)
Lu Huinan,empress dowager of Liu Song (b.412)
Theodoric II, king of theVisigoths
Yifu Hun, high official ofNorthern Wei

467

Benignus of Armagh, Irishbishop (approximate date)
Skandagupta, ruler of theGupta Empire (India)

468

February 29, –Pope Hilarius
Dengizich, king of theHuns (approximate date)
Gunabhadra, IndianBuddhist scholar-monk (b.394)
Marcellinus, Roman general (magister militum)

469

Dengizich, king of theHuns (approximate date)
Hydatius,bishop ofAquae Flaviae (approximate date)

References

^Merrills, Andy (2017-02-17), Buchet, Christian; Arnaud, Pascal; de Souza, Philip (eds.),"Rome and the Vandals",The Sea in History - The Ancient World (1 ed.), Boydell and Brewer Limited, p. 506,doi:10.1017/9781782049081.041,ISBN 978-1-78204-908-1, retrieved2020-08-03
^Guidoboni, Traina, 1995, p. 114-115
^Lightman, Marjorie; Lightman, Benjamin (2008).A to Z of Ancient Greek and Roman Women. New York: Facts On File. p. 124.ISBN 978-1-43810-794-3.
^Arias, Jorge (2007)."Identity and Interaction: the Suevi and the Hispano-Romans".
^"Fires, Great", inThe Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) pp24
^The End of Empire (p. 269). Christopher Kelly, 2009.ISBN 978-0-393-33849-2
^Wolfram, Herwig (1988).History of the Goths. Herwig Translation of: Wolfram. Berkeley. p. 88.ISBN 0-520-05259-5.OCLC 13009918.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Jinsheng, Zheng; Kirk, Nalini; Buell, Paul D. (6 February 2018).Dictionary of the Ben Cao Gang Mu, Volume 3: Persons and Literary Sources. Univ of California Press. p. 282.ISBN 978-0-520-29197-3.
^^a ^bMasalha, Nur (2022).Palestine across millennia: a history of literacy, learning and educational revolutions. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 84.ISBN 9780755642960. Retrieved7 January 2024.
^Bunson, Matthew (1995).A Dictionary of the Roman Empire. OUP USA. p. 232.ISBN 978-0-19-510233-8.
^Wanton Women in Late-Imperial Chinese Literature: Models, Genres, Subversions and Traditions. BRILL. 2017. p. 36.ISBN 9789004340626.

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