42ndCanadian Parliament
Majority parliament
Dec. 3, 2015 – Sep. 11, 2019
Canadian Parliament (2017)
Parliament leaders
Prime minister	Rt. Hon.Justin Trudeau Nov. 4, 2015 – Mar. 14, 2025
Cabinet	29th Canadian Ministry
Leader of the Opposition	Hon.Rona Ambrose 5 November 2015 – 27 May 2017
	Hon.Andrew Scheer 27 May 2017 – 24 August 2020
Party caucuses
Government	Liberal Party
Opposition	Conservative Party
Recognized	New Democratic Party
	Independent Senators Group*
	Senate Liberal Caucus*
Unrecognized	Québec debout(June – Sept. 2018)
	Bloc Québécois
	Green Party
	Co-operative Commonwealth
	People's Party
* Only in the Senate.
House of Commons
Seating arrangements of the House of Commons
Speaker of the Commons	Hon.Geoff Regan 3 December 2015 – 5 December 2019
Government House leader	Hon.Dominic LeBlanc 4 November 2015 – 19 August 2016
	Hon.Bardish Chagger 19 August 2016 – 20 November 2019
Opposition House leader	Hon.Andrew Scheer 18 November 2015 – 15 September 2016
	Hon.Candice Bergen 15 September 2016 – 24 August 2020
Members	338 MP seats List of members
Senate
Seating arrangements of the Senate
Speaker of the Senate	Hon.George Furey 3 December 2015 – 12 May 2023
Government Senate rep.	Hon.Peter Harder 18 March 2016 – 31 December 2019
Opposition Senate leader	Hon.Claude Carignan 4 November 2015 – 31 March 2017
	Hon.Larry Smith 1 April 2017 – 5 November 2019
Senators	105 senator seats List of senators
Sovereign
Monarch	HMElizabeth II 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022
Governor general	HE Rt. Hon.David Johnston 1 October 2010 – 2 October 2017
	HE Rt. Hon.Julie Payette 2 October 2017 – 22 January 2021
Sessions
1st session 3 December 2015 – 11 September 2019
← 41st → 43rd

The42nd Canadian Parliament was in session from December 3, 2015, to September 11, 2019, with the membership of its lower chamber, theHouse of Commons of Canada, having been determined by the results of the2015 federal election held on October 19, 2015, and thirty new appointees to its Upper House, theSenate of Canada.^[1] It was dissolved prior to the2019 Federal Election.

There was onesessions of the 42nd Parliament:

Parliament officially resumed on December 3, 2015, with the election of a newSpeaker,Geoff Regan, followed by aSpeech from the Throne the following day. TheSpeaker of the Senate of Canada wasGeorge Furey, who was appointed Speaker of the Canadian Senate on theadvice of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, to replaceLeo Housakos, on December 3, 2015.^[3] On September 11, 2019, Prime MinisterJustin Trudeau advisedGovernor GeneralJulie Payette to dissolve Parliament and issue thewrit of election, leading to a five-week election campaign period for the2019 federal election.

Significant legislation adopted during the 42nd Parliament included theCannabis Act, theGreenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act, theComprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement Implementation Act, theTrans-Pacific Partnership Implementation Act, theCanada Infrastructure Bank Act, theImpact Assessment Act andCanadian Energy Regulator Acts, as well as the legalizing ofmedical assistance in dying and adding gender identity and expression to the list of prohibited grounds of discrimination in theCanadian Human Rights Act.

Among the more significant pieces of legislation adopted in the 42nd Parliament was Bill C-14, passed with afree vote, as the government's response toCarter v Canada; it inserted the term "medical assistance in dying" into theCriminal Code and made provisions for adult Canadians to engage in the practice.^[4] Bill C-16 added "gender identity or expression" to the list of prohibited grounds of discrimination in theCanadian Human Rights Act and the list of characteristics of identifiable groups protected from hate propaganda in theCriminal Code – with only 40 Conservative Party members, who were all granted a free vote, opposed the bill.^[5] With all party support, theAccessible Canada Act (Bill C-81) created the Canadian Accessibility Standards Development Organization and the positions of Accessibility Commissioner as a member of theHuman Rights Commission and Chief Accessibility Officer as an adviser to the minister responsible for accessibility.^[6] TheCannabis Act (Bill C-45) created alegal framework that allows for recreational use of cannabis by adults. Bill C-69 repealed and replaced theCanadian Environmental Assessment Act and theNational Energy Board Act with theImpact Assessment Act and theCanadian Energy Regulator Act, respectively, and renamed theNavigation Protection Act to theCanadian Navigable Waters Act with new considerations for what constitutes 'navigable water'.^[7] With only the Conservative Party opposed, Bill C-55 amended theOceans Act to require the use of theprecautionary principle in establishing amarine protected areas and added the maintenance of ecological integrity as a reason for their establishment.^[8] In November 2018 Bill C-89 ended astrike action by employees ofCanada Post.^[9]

In modernizing existing legislation, theTransportation Modernization Act (Bill C-49) amended theCanada Transportation Act to, among other things, implement long-haulinterswitching as a permanent mechanism in the rail industry, exclude revenue from interswitching and from the movement of grain in containers onflatcars fromCanadian National Railway andCanadian Pacific Railway's maximum revenue entitlement,; require railway companies to keep up-to-date plans for each of their railway lines and to publicly report on their abilities to move a given summer's grain crop along with a winter contingency plans, raise the foreign ownership limits for Canadian airlines from 25% to 49% of an airline's voting interest with the new rule that no single foreign investor may own more than 25%, expand the review of joint ventures in the airline industry to also include the public interest and fair competition practices; the bill also amended several other transportation-related acts including theCN Commercialization Act to increase the individual ownership limit inCanadian National Railway from 15% to 25%, and theRailway Safety Act to require the installation of locomotive voice and video recorders onto trains.^[10][11] Bill C-23 repealed thePreclearance Act, 1999 and replaced it with thePreclearance Act, 2016^[12] Bill C-59 modernizednational security matters by adopting four new acts titled theNational Security and Intelligence Review Agency Act, theAvoiding Complicity in Mistreatment by Foreign Entities Act and the Intelligence Commissioner Act andCommunications Security Establishment Act, in addition to making amendments to theCanadian Security Intelligence Service Act,Security of Canada Information Sharing Act andSecure Air Travel Act.^[13] Bill C-25 variously amended theCanada Business Corporations Act,Canada Cooperatives Act, andCanada Not‑for‑profit Corporations Act to, among other things, allow more online tools to be used to disseminate required information to shareholders in notice and access systems, to require certain types of corporations to disclose to shareholders the composition of their boards and senior management, as well as their diversity policies or the statement that they do not have a diversity policy. The bill also prohibited businesses from issuingbearer forms ofshare certificates andshare warrants and modified how directors of certain corporations and cooperatives are elected: that they must be elected individually, not as a slate or a group of candidates, and reduce maximum term lengths from 3 to 1 years.^[14] Bill C-57 updated how Canada'sSustainable Development Strategy is implemented.^[15] Bill C-78 updated theDivorce Act and two other related acts, as well as brought them in line with international standards of theChild Protection Convention andChild Support Convention.^[16]

On public safety and crime, Bill C-46 inserted new provisions into theCriminal Code regardingdrug–impaired driving and the ability ofpeace officers to usedrug screening equipment and randombreath testing.^[17] On animal cruelty, Bill C-84 expanded the Criminal Code's provisions against cockpits to include any "arena for animal fighting" and in response to the Supreme Court of Canada findings inR. v. D.L.W., added a definition for bestiality.^[18] Bill C-75, generally seeking to address court delays and promote fair and efficient trails but also included multiple other amendments, removed the allowance ofperemptory challenge, allowed warrants to be acted upon anywhere in Canada rather than only in its originating province, added new provisions for videoconference by judges and court participants, restricted the use of preliminary inquiries to only cases involving offences punishable by life imprisonment, reclassified an additional 115 offenses as hybrid offenses so that they may be prosecuted either as summary convictions or as indictable offences, increased the maximum penalty for summary convictions to two years imprisonment, and deleted or amended offenses from the Criminal Code that the Supreme Court found to be unconstitutional (abortion inR v Morgentaler, vagrancy inR v Heywood, spreading false news inR v Zundel, anal intercourse inR v CM, and those offenses inR v Martineau).^[19] Bill C-51 repealed or modified provisions within theCriminal Code found to be unconstitutional or obsolete, including those againstdueling,blasphemous libel,witchcraft,crime comics andtrading stamps^[20] and, in response toR v JA, clarified that an unconscious person is unable to grant consent to sexual activity.^[21][22] TheExpungement of Historically Unjust Convictions Act (Bill C-66) allows theParole Board of Canada toexpunge historical convictions related togross indecency,buggery oranal intercourse.^[23][24] Bill C-93 created a process in theCriminal Records Act to allow individuals convicted of possession of cannabis before its legalization to request arecord suspension.^[25] Partially in response to recent court decisions onsolitary confinement and the recommendations of theAshley Smith inquest, Bill C-83 replaced the system of administrative and disciplinary segregation in federal prisons with "structured intervention units".^[26] Bill C-71 amended theFirearms Act to delete the 5-year limitation on background checks, mandate that sellers verify alicence before selling a non‑restricted firearm, require sellers to maintain records of sales, require that automatic authorization to transport documents specify destinations and repeals theGovernor in Council's ability to reclassify specific firearms between restricted and non-restricted.^[27] Bill C-71 also undid the provisions in theEconomic Action Plan 2015 Act, No. 1 exempting theEnding the Long‑gun Registry Act from thePrivacy Act,Access to Information Act and theLibrary and Archives of Canada Act; and allows Quebec access to the Canadian Firearms Registry Data as requested inQuebec (AG) v Canada (AG).^[28]

Responding to other legislation adopted during theprevious parliament, Bill C-37, removed some of the obstacles tosupervised injection sites that the previous parliament'sRespect for Communities Act had put in place and replaced the previous government's National Anti-Drug Strategy with the new Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy, mostly centered on theopioid epidemic.^[29][30] Bill C-6 amended or repealed parts of the previous parliament'sStrengthening Canadian Citizenship Act including the ability to revoke citizenship based on national security, the requirement that applicants for citizenship aged 14 to 18 and 55 to 64 to prove adequate knowledge Canada and of an official language, the residency requirement increase from three years to four years, the disallowance of time spent as temporary resident as contributing to the residency requirement, and the condition of citizenship that the applicant must intend to reside in Canada.^[31] Bill C-6 kept, but modified or expanded,Strengthening Canadian Citizenship Act's prohibition that time spent imprisoned does not contribute to the residency requirement, that an imprisoned applicant may not be granted citizenship, and that citizenship applicants must file tax returns during their residency requirement. In addition to adding a purpose statement to theFisheries Act, Bill C-68 restored the provision against the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction of fish habitat that theJobs, Growth and Long-term Prosperity Act had deleted.^[32][33] Bill C-4^[34] repealed two private member bills adopted in the last parliament concerning union voting and financial reporting. Preparing for the2016 Census, and in response to the previous government's involvement in the2011 Census, Bill C-36^[35] amended theStatistics Act to provide more independence to theChief Statistician, remove imprisonment as a penalty for not responding to a census, and replacing theNational Statistics Council with the Canadian Statistics Advisory Council. Bills C-17 and C-88 amended the previous parliament'sYukon and Nunavut Regulatory Improvement Act and theNorthwest Territories Oil and Gas Operations Act, respectively, to address certain objections to the previous legislation.^[36][37] Bill C-62^[38] restored or addressed changes made by the previous parliament to theFederal Public Sector Labour Relations Act regarding the determination of essential services, the ability to select between arbitration and conciliation to resolve collective bargaining disputes, and matters related to sick and disability leave.

Following through with international agreements, Bill C-11 implemented theMarrakesh VIP Treaty,^[39] Bill C-13 implemented theBali Package,^[40] Bill C-64 implemented theWreck Removal Convention,^[41] Bill C-82 implemented theBEPS multilateral instrument,^[42] and Bill C-31 implemented theCanada–Ukraine Free Trade Agreement,^[43] all with unanimous consent, while theComprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (Bill C-30)^[44] and theTrans-Pacific Partnership (Bill C-79)^[45] were implemented with only Liberals and Conservatives in support. Fulfilling a condition to endingTrump tariffs on steel and aluminum, Bill C-101 suspended, until 2021, the moratorium ontrade safeguards.^[46] Further integrating the principles of theDeclaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, theIndigenous Languages Act (Bill C-91) created the Office of the Commissioner of Indigenous Languages to support the efforts of Indigenous peoples in maintaining Indigenous languages and Bill C-92 expanded the what is considered thebest interests of an Indigenous child in the provision of child and family services to include the child's traditions, customs and language.^[47] With only Liberal Party support, Bill C-7^[48] was adopted as the government's response to theSupreme Court's ruling inMounted Police Association of Ontario v Canada (Attorney General), allowingRCMP members to have certaincollective bargaining rights. Bill C-22 created theNational Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians.^[49] Bill C-58 amended theAccess to Information Act to insert a new purpose statement, insert in requirements to make requests, allowbad faith orvexatious requests to be refused, and require proactive publication of certain information (e.g. travel expenses, hospitality expenses, etc.)^[50] Bill C-10 amended theAir Canada Public Participation Act to expand whereAir Canada's maintenance centres may be located to the general provinces ofManitoba,Ontario andQuebec, rather than the specific cities ofWinnipeg,Mississauga andMontreal.^[51] With only the Conservative Party and Bloc Québécois opposed, Bill C-50^[52] created new reporting requirements for political fundraising events attended by a party leader or a minister and expanded the reporting of leadership campaign expenses.^[53]

Regarding financial measures, Bill C-2^[54] amended theIncome Tax Act to lower federal tax paid on income between $45,283 and $90,563 from 22% to 20.5% and introduce a new toptax bracket that applies a rate of 33% to a person's income in excess of $200,000.^[55] The bill also re-instated the $5,500 annual limit toTax-Free Savings Account contributions which the previous parliament had raised to $10,000. Bill C-26 amended theCanada Pension Plan to create the Additional Canada Pension Plan Account and to increase the maximum level of pensionable earnings.^[56]

The legislative changes resulting from the2016 budget were implemented in Bill C-15^[57] and Bill C-29^[58] and included replacing the Canada Child Tax Benefit and Universal Child Care Benefit with theCanada Child Benefit, repealing the Family Tax Cut (income splitting) Credit, Education Tax Credit, Textbook Tax Credit, Children's Arts Tax Credit, Child Fitness Tax Credit, creating the School Supplies Tax Credit, exempting insulin pens, intermittent urinary catheters andfeminine hygiene products from GST/HST, allowing a charity or athletic association to hold up to 20% interest in alimited partnership business, and expanding the definition of "Canadian exploration expense" to include environmental studies and community consultations conducted as a condition of obtaining a licence or permit. TheCanadian Forces disability award and death benefit were raised to $360,000; the rates for Northern Residents Deduction were increased by 33%; and employment insurance benefits were temporarily extended for high unemployment areas (e.g. the northern areas of the provinces of Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and BC, the cities of Sudbury and Whitehorse, and most of the provinces of Alberta and Newfoundland and Labrador). Bill C-15 also repealed the previous parliament'sFederal Balanced Budget Act and rolled back its age eligibility for theOld Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement from 67 to 65 years old.

The legislative changes resulting from the2017 budget were implemented in Bill C-44 and Bill C-63 Among the changes was the phasing out of theCanada Savings Bond program, makingvehicle for hire companies subject to GST/HST, exemptingnaloxone from GST/HST, eliminating of the Public Transit Tax Credit and Investment Tax Credit for Child Care Spaces, eliminating the GST/HST rebate for non-residents using Canadian accommodations as part of a tour package, increasing the excise tax on tobacco products and tying increases of the excise tax on alcoholic products to theconsumer price index, and allowingmark-to-market accounting to be used for income tax calculations inforward rate andswap agreements.^[59] Bill C-44 included, within it, theCanada Infrastructure Bank Act to invest directly or attract private investment in infrastructure projects that are anticipated to generate revenue and be in the public interest, and theInvest in Canada Act which created the newcrown corporation called Invest in Canada Hub to promoteforeign direct investment and created theService Fees Act to replace theUser Fees Act.^[60] Bill C-63 included, within it, theAsian Infrastructure Investment Bank Agreement Act so Canada could join theAsian Infrastructure Investment Bank, repealed theTimber Marking Act, and created theCanadian Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act to replace theAgreement on Internal Trade Implementation Act.^[61][62]

The legislative changes resulting from the2018 budget were implemented in Bill C-74^[63] and Bill C-86.^[64] Among the changes was makingcannabis subject to anexcise duty, requiring the excise duty on tobacco products be adjusted for inflation every year instead of every five years, reducing thesmall business tax rate from 10.5% to and to 9%,^[65] removing the requirement for a risk score toCanadian Armed Forces personnel and police officers serving on international missions to qualify for tax relief on income earned while deployed, amending theVeterans Well-being Act to merge four benefit programs to create the new Income Replacement Benefit and replacing the Disability Award with a new 'pain and suffering compensation', renaming the 'Working Income Tax Benefit' to the'Canada Workers Benefit' while increasing its rate from 25% to 26%, expanding the Medical Expense Tax Credit to cover the costs of caring for aservice animal benefiting those living with a severe mental impairment,^[66] extending the Mineral Exploration Tax Credit by one year, extending the accelerated capital cost allowance program for clean energy generation and energy conservation equipment to 2025, expanding who is subject to Tax-on-Split-Income rules,^[67] creates the office of the Chief Information Officer of Canada, extends theprovincial equalization payments program to 2024, and inserted provisions fordeferred prosecution agreements into the Criminal Code.^[68] Bill C-74 included, within it, theGreenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act which created national standards forcarbon pricing in Canada (i.e. a fuel charge and a fee on industrial emissions) and implemented a backstop federal system in jurisdictions where carbon pricing is not implemented by the provincial or territorial government.^[69]

The legislative changes resulting from the2019 budget were implemented in Bill C-97. Among the changes was the creation of the Canada Training Credit and the Digital News Subscription Tax Credit, a 5-year extension of the Mineral Exploration Tax Credit, financial incentives for purchasing specified clean energy equipment andzero-emissions vehicles, exempting GST/HST from applying to supplies and imports of humanova and imports of humanin vitroembryos, allowing non-profit news organizations to issuecharitable receipts, eliminating the requirement to complete an application to enroll into theCanada Pension Plan, allowing recipients of theOld Age Security to earn $5,000 of income without deductions, creating a First-Time Home Buyer Incentive administered byCHMC, creating a six-month interest-free period onstudent loans, and redirecting revenue raised fromcarbon pricing to the areas where it was raised.^[70] Bill C-97 also amended theCanada Business Corporations Act to add the interests retirees and pensioners to the list of factors to be considered in the best interests of corporations,^[71] and to require certain classes of corporations to disclose to their shareholders prescribed information on the diversity and remuneration of their directors and senior management and the well-being of employees and pensioners. Non-financial or business related amendments within Bill C-97 include a modernization of thePilotage Act, increasing the number of judges on theFederal Court, making a provision which prevents people from making a refugee claim if they have already made a refugee claim in another country and inserting theThaidene Nëné National Park Reserve into theCanada National Parks Act. Bill C-97 included within it the enactment of several other acts, including thePoverty Reduction Act, theNational Housing Strategy Act, theCollege of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants Act,^[72] theSecurity Screening Services Commercialization Act, theFederal Prompt Payment for Construction Work Act.^[73]

Ten private member bills received royal assent, with only Bill C-210 not receiving unanimous support:

• Mauril Bélanger'sAn Act to amend the National Anthem Act (gender) (Bill C-210) replaces the words "in all thy sons command" to "in all of us command" in the English version of thenational anthem,^[74]
• Todd Doherty'sFederal Framework on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Act (Bill C-211) requires the Minister of Health to prepare a framework for trackingincidence rates and for establishing guidelines for diagnosing, treating and managingpost-traumatic stress disorder,^[75]
• Ron McKinnon'sGood Samaritan Drug Overdose Act (Bill C-224) amends theControlled Drugs and Substances Act to provide immunity from drug possession charges when seeking help to address an overdose,^[76]
• Rob Nicholson'sNational Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias Act (Bill C-233) requires the Minister of Health develop and implement a national strategy to address aspects ofdementia in thehealthcare system,^[77]
• Darren Fisher'sNational Strategy for Safe and Environmentally Sound Disposal of Lamps Containing Mercury Act (Bill C-238) requires the Minister of the Environment develop a national strategy for the disposal tube and compactfluorescent light bulbs,^[78]
• Marilyn Gladu'sFramework on Palliative Care in Canada Act (Bill C-277) requires the Minister of Health prepare a framework for improving access and delivery ofpalliative care,^[79]
• Chandra Arya'sAn Act to amend the Criminal Code (mischief) (Bill C-305) expands the scope of theCriminal Code provisions relating to acts of mischief motivated by hate on religious property to also cover educational institutions, community centres, sports or recreational facilities and a residence for seniors,^[80]
• Sven Spengemann'sGender Equality Week Act (Bill C-309) names the fourth week in September in every year Gender Equality Week,^[81]
• Colin Fraser'sAn Act to amend the Holidays Act (Remembrance Day) (Bill C-311) adds the wordlegal to the act.^[82]
• Sukh Dhaliwal'sSikh Heritage Month Act (Bill C-376) names April of every yearSikh Heritage Month.^[83]

On behalf of the government, senate government bills included theStrengthening Motor Vehicle Safety for Canadians Act (Bill S-2)^[84] which amended theMotor Vehicle Safety Act to allow theMinister of Transport to order a motor vehicle company to issue arecall, rather than allow the process to be at the manufacturer's discretion; Bill S-3^[85] which amended theIndian Act as the government's response to aQuebec Superior Court ruling finding sex-based inequities in theIndian Register to be contrary to theCharter of Rights and Freedoms; Bills S-4^[86] and S-6 which implementedtax treaties with Israel, Taiwan and Madagascar; and Bill S-5^[87] renamed theTobacco Act to theTobacco and Vaping Products Act^[88] and introduced provisions relating to vaping products, such as a prohibition to selling or marketing to minors, plain packaging requirements and restrictions on advertising. Among the other bills initiated in the senate that were adopted by the parliament, Bill S-208^[89] made May 20 of each year National Seal Products Day,^[90] Bill S-211^[91] made June 19 of each year National Sickle Cell Awareness Day, Bill S-218^[92] made October of every year Latin American Heritage Month, Bill S-232^[93] made May of every year Canadian Jewish Heritage Month, and Bill S-236^[94] simply statesCharlottetown is the birthplace ofConfederation. Other Senate public bills included theJustice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act (Sergei Magnitsky Law)^[95] which allows theGovernor-in-Council to seize property situated in Canada of a foreign national believed to be involved in extrajudicial killings or violations of internationally recognized human rights, and theJournalistic Sources Protection Act (Bill S-231)^[96] which allows journalists to object to an order to reveal a source of information and have the objection weighed by a court judge in light of public interest and rights to privacy. TheGenetic Non-Discrimination Act (Bill S-201)^[97] was adopted with the Conservative Party, NDP and Green Party in favour; Liberal Party members were granted a free vote though the prime-minister urged members to oppose the bill, as presented, based on concerns of inconsistency with the Constitution.^[98] The act makes it a criminal offence to require an individual to undergo a genetic test, or to disclose the results of such a test, as a condition of providing goods or services, with exceptions for health care practitioners and researchers.

• Bill C-61: Anishinabek Nation Governance Agreement Act (to implement an agreement with the Anishinabek Nation regarding governance) (passed)
• Bill C-68: An Act to Amend the Fisheries Act (with provisions recognizing Indigenous fishing rights) (passed)
• Bill C-70: An Act to Give Effect to the Agreement on Cree Nation Governance between the Crees of Eeyou Istchee and the Government of Canada, to Amend the Cree-Naskapi (of Quebec) Act and to Make Related and Consequential Amendments to Other Acts (passed)
• Bill C-91: An Act Respecting Indigenous Languages (passed)
• Bill C-92: An Act Respecting First Nations, Inuit, and Métis Children, Youth and Families (passed)
• Bill C-262: United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) Act
• Bill C-318: An Act to Establish Indian Residential School Reconciliation and Memorial Day
• Bill C-332: An Act to Provide for Reporting on Compliance with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
• Bill C-369: An Act to Amend the Bills of Exchange Act, the Interpretation Act, and the Canada Labour Code (National Day for Truth and Reconciliation)
• Bill C-374: An Act to Amend the Historic Sites and Monuments Act (Indigenous Representation) (passed)
• Bill C-386: An Act to Establish Orange Shirt Day: A Day for Truth and Reconciliation
• Bill C-391: An Act Respecting a National Strategy for the Repatriation of Indigenous Human Remains and Cultural Property
• Bill C-443: An Act to Protect, Maintain, Revitalize and Strengthen Indigenous Languages
• Bill S-3: An Act to Amend the Indian Act (Elimination of Sex-Based Discrimination)(passed)
• Bill S-212: An Act for the Advancement of the Aboriginal Languages of Canada and to Recognize and Respect Aboriginal Language Rights
• Bill S-215: An Act to Amend the Criminal Code (Sentencing for Violent Offences Against Indigenous Women)

The distribution of members by province was as follows:

For background on the current representation, see:

1. The representation acts in theList of Canadian constitutional documents
2. Elections Canada's history on the representation formula (including the 1985Representation Act, but any subsequent acts such as the 1999Constitution Act or the 2011Fair Representation Act).^[101]
3. Canadian Parliamentary Review's proposal for fairer representation for small provinces (around the time of the 2011 representation formula revision).^[102]

At the beginning of the 42nd Parliament, the senate consisted of 83 members, 47 of which caucused with the Conservative Party and 29 with the Senate Liberal Caucus. Of those who left the Senate during the 42nd Parliament, 18 had reached the mandatory retirement age, including 10 Conservatives and the last remaining senator appointed byPierre Trudeau, and 11 voluntarily resigned, including 7 Liberals. One senator (Tobias Enverga) died while in office. The new Prime-Minister's first appointment to the senate was, in March 2016,Peter Harder to act as theGovernment Representative.^[103] To move the senate towards more independence, the Prime-Minister established theIndependent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments to provide merit-based recommendations. Based on their first set of recommendations, Premier Trudeau appointed 6 new senators in April, including chairman of theTruth and Reconciliation CommissionMurray Sinclair, former NDP provincial ministerFrances Lankin, journalistAndré Pratte, ParalympianChantal Petitclerc, and academicsRaymonde Gagné andRatna Omidvar.^[104] In the meantime, between November 2015 and March 2016, four Conservative, two Liberals and the last remaining Progressive Conservative senator had changed their party standing to non-affiliated. A further three Senate Liberals and one Conservative went independent between April and July, before the Prime-Minister appointed the next set of senators in November, 17 in total, based on the recommendations of the Independent Advisory Board, and all of whom sat as "non-affiliated". These senators includedÉric Forest, bankersSabi Marwah andLucie Moncion, police commissionerGwen Boniface, academics or doctorsYuen Pau Woo,Wanda Thomas Bernard,Diane Griffin,Marie-Françoise Mégie,Harvey Chochinov, art historianPatricia Bovey, lawyersMarilou McPhedran,Renée Dupuis,Marc Gold, former public servantsTony Dean,Howard Wetston,Raymonde Saint-Germain, and artistRené Cormier.^[105] Also during that time, the Independent Senators Group was founded, in March 2016, as a non-partisan parliamentary group and on December 2, 2016, 33 non-affiliated members joined to form inaugural membership of Independent Senators Group. Trudeau appointed two more senators,Rosa Galvez andDaniel Christmas, in December 2016 and three in all of 2017,Mary Coyle, dentistMary Jane McCallum and writerDavid Adams Richards, all of whom joined the Independent Senators group.^[106] Also in 2017, the Independent Senators Group took over the majority of the senate, though they did not vote as a block, with 37 members in October, from the Conservative Party who had 36 members. Throughout 2018, a further 19 senators were appointed, all of whom caucused with the Independent Senators Group, including teacherMarty Deacon, lawyersYvonne Boyer,Pierre Dalphond andJosée Forest-Niesing, doctorMohamed-Iqbal Ravalia, interimRCMP CommissionerBev Busson, journalistsPaula Simons andJulie Miville-Dechêne, and former Yukon PremierPat Duncan.

In 2017, 56 members of the 42nd Canadian Parliament were reported to have been born outside of Canada. 44 were MPs and 12 were senators.It was also reported that 22 of them haveDual-citizenship from other countries.^[107]

• Access to Information, Privacy and Ethics
• Agriculture and Agri-Food
• Canadian Heritage
• Citizenship and Immigration
• Environment and Sustainable Development
• Finance
• Fisheries and Oceans
• Foreign Affairs and International Development
• Government Operations and Estimates
• Health
• Human Resources, Skills and Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities
• Indigenous and Northern Affairs
• Industry, Science and Technology
• International Trade
• Justice and Human Rights
• National Defence
• Natural Resources
• Official Languages
• Procedure and House Affairs
• Public Accounts
• Public Safety and National Security
• Status of Women
• Transport, Infrastructure and Communities
• Veterans Affairs
• Joint Committee on the Library of Parliament
• Joint Committee for the Scrutiny of Regulations

Electoral Reform

• Chair:Francis Scarpaleggia
• Vice-chairs:Scott Reid andNathan Cullen
• John Aldag
• Alexandre Boulerice
• Matt DeCourcey
• Gérard Deltell
• Elizabeth May
• Blake Richards
• Sherry Romanado
• Ruby Sahota
• Luc Thériault

Pay Equity

• Chair:Anita Vandenbeld
• Vice-chairs:Shannon Stubbs andSheri Benson
• Dan Albas
• Matt DeCourcey
• Julie Dzerowicz
• Marilyn Gladu
• Eva Nassif
• Terry Sheehan
• Sonia Sidhu

Joint Committee on Physician-Assisted Dying

• Chair (elected Jan.18):Rob Oliphant
• Vice-chairs:Michael Cooper andMurray Rankin
• Harold Albrecht
• John Aldag
• René Arseneault
• Guy Caron
• Julie Dabrusin
• Gérard Deltell
• Denis Lemieux
• Brenda Shanahan

The29th Canadian Ministry began with the 42nd Parliament and was sworn in by Gov. Gen.David Johnston on November 4, 2015. It was the firstCabinet of Canada to have an equal number of men and women. Prime Minister Trudeau appointedBill Morneau to beMinister of Finance,Jody Wilson-Raybould asMinister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada,Jane Philpott asMinister of Health,Catherine McKenna asMinister of Environment and Climate Change,Harjit Sajjan asMinister of National Defence, andRalph Goodale asMinister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness

The first change to the membership of the 29th Ministry occurred with the May 31, 2016, resignation of Hunter Tootoo asMinister of Fisheries, Oceans, and the Canadian Coast Guard so that he can sit as an independent MP; he was replaced byDominic LeBlanc. The second change in membership came with the January 10, 2017, retirements ofForeign Affairs MinisterStéphane Dion andImmigration MinisterJohn McCallum. The Prime Minister promotedAhmed Hussen to replace McCallum at Immigration, and movedChrystia Freeland fromMinister of International Trade to Foreign Affairs, withFrançois-Philippe Champagne being promoted to replace Freeland at International Trade. In that same cabinet shuffleMaryAnn Mihychuk was removed from cabinet andKarina Gould promoted to cabinet, withPatty Hajdu replacing Mihychuk asMinister of Employment, Workforce, and Labour,Maryam Monsef replacing Hajdu asMinister of Status of Women, and Gould taking over Monsef's role asMinister of Democratic Institutions.

An August 28, 2017, cabinet shuffle instigated byJudy Foote,Minister of Public Services and Procurement, resigning as an MP due to health concerns, saw Foote replaced byMinister of Sport and Persons with DisabilitiesCarla Qualtrough, withKent Hehr becoming Sports minister andSeamus O'Regan being promoted to take over Hehr's role asMinister of Veterans Affairs. In that same cabinet shuffle Philpott moved to the newly createdMinister of Indigenous Services withGinette Petitpas Taylor being promoted to replace Philpott as Health minister. On January 25, 2018, Hehr resigned from cabinet following accusations of inappropriate behaviour^[108] and was replaced byKirsty Duncan who added Hehr's role as Sports minister to her existing duties asMinister of Science.

A major cabinet shuffle on July 18, 2018, saw the promotion of five MPs to cabinet with duties within several ministries shifted around.Bill Blair had theMinistry of Border Security and Organized Crime Reduction created for him from duties split off ofAhmed Hussen's portfolio.Jonathan Wilkinson took over theMinister of Fisheries, Oceans, and the Canadian Coast Guard role fromDominic LeBlanc who becameMinister of Intergovernmental Affairs, Northern Affairs and Internal Trade, with Intergovernmental Affairs coming from Trudeau's own portfolio and Northern Affairs fromCarolyn Bennett's.Pablo Rodríguez took over theMinistry of Canadian Heritage fromMélanie Joly who had the role ofMinister of Tourism, Official Languages and La Francophonie created for her, taking La Francophonie fromMarie-Claude Bibeau and Tourism fromBardish Chagger's portfolio. While Chagger remainedLeader of the Government in the House of Commons her responsibility for Small Business went toMary Ng who becameMinister of Small Business and Export Promotion.Filomena Tassi became the Minister of Seniors, split out ofJean-Yves Duclos portfolio.Jim Carr took overMinister of International Trade Diversification fromFrançois-Philippe Champagne who took over asMinister of Infrastructure and Communities fromAmarjeet Sohi who took over Carr's role asMinister of Natural Resources.

A shuffle on January 14, 2019, instigated by the resignation ofScott Brison,President of the Treasury Board, saw Jane Philpott move from Minister of Indigenous Services to replace Brison, with Seamus O'Regan filling her former position and Jody Wilson-Raybould replacing him as Minister of Veterans Affairs. BothDavid Lametti andBernadette Jordan were promoted to cabinet from parliamentary secretary roles; Lametti to replace Wilson-Raybould as Minister of Justice and Attorney General and Jordan to fill the new role of Minister of Rural Economic Development.^[109] Amidst theSNC-Lavalin affair Wilson-Raybould and Philpott resigned their cabinet positions and were replaced byLawrence MacAulay andJoyce Murray, respectively, withMarie-Claude Bibeau taking over MacAulay's former role asMinister of Agriculture andMaryam Monsef adding Bibeau'sInternational Development duties to her existing duties as Minister of Status of Women.^[110]

The officers of Parliament as of the dissolution of the 42nd Parliament are set out below.

• Speaker of the Senate:Hon.George Furey, Non-affiliated Senator for Newfoundland & Labrador. (Dec 3, 2015 – May 12, 2023)^[111]
• Speaker of the House of Commons: Hon.Geoff Regan, Liberal Member forHalifax West, NS. (Dec 3, 2015 – December 5, 2019)^[112]

Senate

• Speaker pro tempore of the Canadian Senate: Hon.Nicole Eaton, Conservative Senator for Ontario (Dec 9, 2015 – January 21, 2020)^[113]

House of Commons

• Deputy Speaker and Chair ofCommittees of the Whole:Bruce Stanton, Conservative member forSimcoe North, Ontario^[114]
• Deputy Chair of Committees of the Whole:Carol Hughes, NDP member forAlgoma—Manitoulin—Kapuskasing, Ontario^[115]
• Assistant Deputy Chair of Committees of the Whole:Anthony Rota, Liberal member forNipissing—Timiskaming, Ontario^[116]

• Prime Minister of Canada: Rt. Hon.Justin Trudeau (Liberal)
• Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition: (Conservative)
  • Hon.Rona Ambrose (interim, November 5, 2015 – May 27, 2017)
  • Hon.Andrew Scheer (May 27, 2017 – August 24, 2020)
• Leader of theNew Democratic Party:
  • Hon.Thomas Mulcair (until October 1, 2017)
  • Jagmeet Singh (since October 1, 2017) (from outside of the House until March 17, 2019)
    • Guy Caron (Parliamentary leader between October 4, 2017, and March 17, 2019)
• Leader of theBloc Québécois:
  • Rhéal Fortin (interim, October 22, 2015 – March 18, 2017)
  • Martine Ouellet (March 18, 2017 – June 13, 2018) (from outside of the House)
  • Mario Beaulieu (interim, June 13, 2018 – January 17, 2019)
  • Yves-François Blanchet (January 17, 2019 – present) (from outside of the House)
• Leader of theGreen Party:Elizabeth May
• Leader of thePeople's Party:Maxime Bernier

Senate

• Representative of the Government in the Senate: Hon.Peter Harder (Non-affiliated)
• Leader of the Opposition in the Senate: (Conservative)
  • Hon.Claude Carignan (until March 31, 2017)
  • Hon.Larry Smith (from April 1, 2017)
• Facilitator of theIndependent Senators Group:
  • Elaine McCoy (September 27, 2016 – September 25, 2017)
  • Yuen Pau Woo (September 25, 2017 – present)
• Leader of theSenate Liberal Caucus:
  • Hon.Jim Cowan (January 29, 2014 – June 15, 2016)
  • Hon.Joseph A. Day (June 15, 2016 – present)

House of Commons

• Government House Leader:
  • Hon.Dominic LeBlanc (November 4, 2015 – August 19, 2016)
  • Hon.Bardish Chagger (August 19, 2016 – present)
• Opposition House Leader:
  • Hon.Andrew Scheer (November 18, 2015 – September 15, 2016)
  • Hon.Candice Bergen (September 15, 2016 – present)
• NDP House Leader:
  • Peter Julian (October 24, 2017 – January 24, 2018)
  • Ruth Ellen Brosseau (January 31, 2018 – present)
• Bloc Québécois House Leader:
  • Luc Thériault (October 22, 2015 – March 18, 2017)
  • Gabriel Ste-Marie (March 19, 2017 – February 26, 2018)

Senate

• Chief Government Liaison: Hon.Grant Mitchell
• Deputy Government Liaison: Hon.Nick Sibbeston
• Chief Opposition Whip: Hon.Don Plett
• Deputy Opposition Whip: Hon.David Wells
• Senate Liberal Whip:
  • Hon.Jim Munson (until September 28, 2016)
  • Hon.Percy Downe (September 28, 2016 – Present)
• Deputy Senate Liberal Whip: Hon.Libbe Hubley

House of Commons

• Chief Government Whip:
  • Hon.Andrew Leslie (November 4, 2015 – January 18, 2017)
  • Hon.Pablo Rodríguez (January 19, 2017 – Present)
• Deputy Government Whip:
  • Hon.Ginette Petitpas Taylor (November 4, 2015 – January 26, 2017)
  • Hon.Filomena Tassi (January 26, 2017 – Present)
• Chief Opposition Whip:
  • Gord Brown (November 11, 2015 – July 19, 2018)
  • Mark Strahl (July 20, 2018 – Present)
• Deputy Chief Opposition Whip:
  • Dave MacKenzie (November 11, 2015 – August 28, 2017)
  • John Brassard (August 28, 2017 – Present)
• NDP Whip:Marjolaine Boutin-Sweet
• Bloc Québécois Whip:Monique Pauzé

• Liberal Party Caucus Chair:Francis Scarpaleggia
• Conservative Party Caucus Chair:David Sweet
• New Democratic Party Caucus Chair:
  • Charlie Angus (until November 23, 2016)
  • Ruth Ellen Brosseau (November 23, 2016 – January 24, 2017)
  • Daniel Blaikie (January 24, 2017 – Present)

• Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet of the 42nd Parliament of Canada
• New Democratic Party Shadow Cabinet of the 42nd Parliament of Canada
• Bloc Québécois Shadow Cabinet of the 42nd Parliament of Canada

The party standings in the House of Commons have changed as follows:

The party standings in the Senate have changed during the 42nd Canadian Parliament as follows:

• List of bills enacted by the 42nd Parliament of Canada at theParliament of Canada

• 42nd Canadian Parliament
• Terms of the Parliament of Canada
• 2010s in Canadian politics
• 2015 establishments in Canada
• 2019 disestablishments in Canada

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