| 41stCanadian Parliament | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Majority parliament | |||
| Jun. 2, 2011 – Aug. 2, 2015 | |||
 Canadian Parliament (2013) | |||
| Parliament leaders | |||
| Prime minister | Rt. Hon.Stephen Harper Feb. 6, 2006 – Nov. 4, 2015 | ||
| Cabinet | 28th Canadian Ministry | ||
| Leader of the Opposition | Hon.Jack Layton May 2, 2011 – August 22, 2011 (His death) | ||
| Nycole Turmel August 23, 2011 – March 23, 2012 | |||
| Hon.Thomas Mulcair March 24, 2012 – November 4, 2015 | |||
| Party caucuses | |||
| Government | Conservative Party | ||
| Opposition | New Democratic Party | ||
| Senate Opp. | Senate Liberal Caucus* (from 2014) | ||
| Recognized | Liberal Party | ||
| Unrecognized | Bloc Québécois | ||
| Green Party | |||
| Strength in Democracy (from 2014) | |||
| Progressive Conservative* (until 2013) | |||
| * Only in the Senate. | |||
| House of Commons | |||
 Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
| Speaker of the Commons | Hon.Andrew Scheer June 2, 2011 – December 2, 2015 | ||
| Government House leader | Hon.Peter Van Loan May 18, 2011 – November 4, 2015 | ||
| Opposition House leader | Hon.Thomas Mulcair June 2, 2011 – October 14, 2011 | ||
| Joe Comartin October 14, 2011 – April 19, 2012 | |||
| Nathan Cullen April 20, 2012 – March 19, 2014 | |||
| Peter Julian March 20, 2014 – November 18, 2015 | |||
| Members | 308 MP seats List of members | ||
| Senate | |||
 Seating arrangements of the Senate | |||
| Speaker of the Senate | Hon.Noël A. Kinsella February 8, 2006 – November 27, 2014 | ||
| Hon.Pierre Claude Nolin November 27, 2014 – April 23, 2015 | |||
| Hon.Leo Housakos April 24, 2015 - August 2, 2015 | |||
| Government Senate leader | Hon.Marjory LeBreton February 6, 2006 – July 14, 2013 | ||
| Claude Carignan August 30, 2013 – November 4, 2015 | |||
| Opposition Senate leader | Hon.Jim Cowan November 3, 2008 – November 4, 2015 | ||
| Senators | 105 senator seats List of senators | ||
| Sovereign | |||
| Monarch | HMElizabeth II February 6, 1952 – 8 September 2022 | ||
| Governor general | HE Rt. Hon.David Johnston October 1, 2010 – October 2, 2017 | ||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st session June 2, 2011 – September 13, 2013 | |||
| 2nd session October 16, 2013 – August 2, 2015 | |||
| |||
The41st Canadian Parliament was in session from June 2, 2011 to August 2, 2015, with the membership of itsHouse of Commons having been determined by the results of the2011 federal election held on May 2, 2011. It was dissolved prior to the2015 federal election.
There were three sessions of the 41st Parliament:
| Session | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | June 2, 2011 | September 13, 2013 |
| 2nd | October 16, 2013 | August 2, 2015[1] |
Parliament convened on June 2, 2011, with the election ofAndrew Scheer asSpeaker, followed the next day with theSpeech from the Throne.
On August 2, 2015, Prime MinisterStephen Harper asked theGovernor General to dissolve Parliament and issue thewrit of election, leading to an 11-week election campaign period for the2015 federal election. Significant legislation adopted during the 41st Parliament included theCopyright Modernization Act, theSafe Streets and Communities Act, theJobs, Growth and Long-term Prosperity Act, theJobs and Growth Act and theFair Elections Act.
 |
|---|
 Category |
| Affiliation | House members | Senate members | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 election results | At dissolution | On election day 2011[2] | At dissolution | ||
| Conservative | 166 | 159 | 52 | 47 | |
| New Democratic | 103 | 95 | 0 | 0 | |
| Liberal | 34 | 36 | 46 | 0 | |
| Bloc Québécois | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Green | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Strength in Democracy | N/a | 2 | N/a | 0 | |
| Independent | 0 | 8[note 1] | 2[3] | 6[4] | |
| Independent Conservative | 0 | 0[5] | 0 | 0 | |
| SenatePC | 0 | 0 | 2[6] | 0 | |
| Senate Liberal Caucus | N/a | 0 | N/a | 29 | |
| Independent Progressive Conservative | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1[7] | |
| Total members | 308 | 304 | 103 | 83 | |
| Vacant | 0 | 4 | 3 | 22 | |
| Total seats | 308 | 103 | |||
Theorange wave during the 2011 election saw a surge in support for the New Democratic Party. This resulted in them becoming the official opposition for the first time in the country's history, as well as marking the Liberal party's first time not taking first or second place in a Canadian election. Jack Layton was the Leader of the Opposition until his death on August 11, 2011.Nycole Turmel followed as the party's interim leader untilTom Mulcair won the 2012leadership election.[8]
The parliament's first session ran between June 2, 2011, and September 13, 2013, and saw 83 bills adopted. In June 2011, immediately following the election the first six bills were given royal assent. These were the enabling legislation for the2011 Canadian federal budget,[9] the Canada Post back-to-work legislation titledRestoring Mail Delivery for Canadians Act (Bill C-6),[10][11] and theFair and Efficient Criminal Trials Act (Bill C-2) authorizing federal judges to hear all pretrial motions at once during mega-trials.[12]
When the parliament re-convened in September 2011, theMinister of Justice introduced theSafe Streets and Communities Act (Bill C-10),[13] an omnibus bill of nine separate measures. Among the measures include replacing thepardon system with 'record suspensions', mandatory minimum sentences and/or penalties for certain drug and sexual offences, increasing prison sentences for marijuana offences, making it illegal to make sexually explicit information available to a child, reducing the ability of judges to sentence certain offenders to house arrest, allowing immigration officers to deny work permits to foreigners who are at risk of being sexually exploited, and enabling Canadians to sue state sponsors of terrorism for losses due to an act of terrorism.[14][15] The bill was reviewed by the 'House Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights' throughout October and November, chaired byOxford MPDave MacKenzie and passed by the House of Commons on December 5, 2011, on a 157 to 127 vote, with only the Conservative Party voting in favour. The senate made six amendments and it was given royal assent on March 13, 2012.
On September 29 theMinister of Industry introduced theCopyright Modernization Act (Bill C-11])[16] — the same bill that was introduced in the 3rd session of theprevious parliament and referred to the 'Legislative Committee on Bill C-32'. The bill is first major copyright reform since 1997 and brings Canadian copyright laws in line with moderndigital rights management[17][18] The act enables copyright holders to sue operators of peer-to-peer file sharing sites, makes circumventing technological protection measures (e.g. digital locks, encryption, etc.) illegal except when in the public interest, makes it illegal to remove rights management information (e.g. digital watermarks), extendsmoral rights for performers, makes legal the practise of copying for the purpose ofbackup, format shifting (CD to mp3), time shifting (recording to watch later), and expandsfair dealing to include use in education, parody, and satire.[19] However, the proposed law was criticized as "irredeemably flawed"[20] due to a contradiction between consumer rights and digital locks, American interference, a requirement for students to destroy copyrighted digital content after a course ends, and makesnotice and notice mandatory for allISPs, including disclosing the identity and activity of customers suspected of copyright infringement.[20] The bill finally passed the House of Commons on June 18 and given royal assent on June 29.
TheMinister of Agriculture introduced theMarketing Freedom for Grain Farmers Act (Bill C-18)[21] which repealed theCanadian Wheat Board Act, eliminating the requirement for farmers to sell wheat and barley produce to theCanadian Wheat Board. The new act also appoints a new board of directors that must either privatize or dismantle the wheat board.[22] The bill was studied by the 'Legislative Committee on Bill C-18' chaired byWetaskiwin MPBlaine Calkins between October 31 and November 4. The bill was subject to a lawsuit by the wheat board's existing board of directors claiming that the government cannot change the mandate of the wheat board without the consent of its members[23] and a counter-suit which sought to prevent the board of directors from using wheat board revenue for legal action against the government.[24] A federaltrial court decided that for the bill to be legal the government required the consent of the affected farmers, via a vote or plebiscite, as provided for in the 1998Canadian Wheat Board Act, although that case is in appeal as of December 2011[update].[25] Nevertheless, on November 28, the bill was passed by the House of Commons, with only the Conservative Party voting in favour. The bill was reviewed by the Standing Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry in December and passed by the Senate on December 15, 2011. Despite the ruling of the judicial branch,Governor GeneralDavid Johnston gave royal assent to the bill on the same day.[26]
TheMinister of Public Safety introduced theEnding the Long-gun Registry Act (Bill C-19)[27] which amends theCriminal Code and theFirearms Act to remove the requirement to register firearms that areneither prohibited nor restricted and requires that the existing records relating to non-restricted firearms in theCanadian Firearms Registry be destroyed.[28] The registration oflong guns had been a divisive issue since its inception in 1995.[29] The bill was introduced on October 25 and reviewed by the 'House Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security' throughout November, chaired byCrowfoot MPKevin Sorenson. With no amendments made to the bill in committee, it was passed on February 15 by the House of Commons on a 159 to 130 vote, with only two opposition MPs voting in favour.[30] The bill was passed by the senate on April 5, 2012, and given royal assent the next day.
The Minister of Public Safety also introduced theProtecting Children from Internet Predators Act (Bill C-30)[31] which proposed to amend the Criminal Code to grant law enforcement agencies new powers, such as online surveillance or warrantless wiretapping, to combat criminal activity on the internet. The bill has met with criticism from privacy groups, opposition MPs and the public over charges that the law would infringe on the privacy rights of Canadian citizens.[32] Toews responded to the opposition by stating, addressing a Liberal MP, "He can either stand with us or stand with the child pornographers"[33] which was received negatively. The bill was introduced on February 14, 2012, and declared dead a year later when theResponse to the Supreme Court of Canada Decision inR. v. Tse Act (Bill C-55)[34] was introduced which also makes provisions for online surveillance and warrantless wiretapping.
Senate leader Majorly LeBreton introduced theSafe Food for Canadians Act (Bill S-11)[35] which was part of a response to tainted meat being discovered coming from theXL Foods processing plant in September 2012. The act made numerous changes to the food regulatory system, including requiring better tracking of products, providing food inspectors more authority and increasing penalties for violations.[36]
The Minister of Justice introduced theNot Criminally Responsible Reform Act (Bill C-54)[37] on February 8, 2013. The legislation proposes to create a "high risk" designation for people found guilty of a crime butnot criminally responsible due to a mental disorder and enshrines in law that the safety of the public is paramount in deciding whether and how such a person can re-enter society.[38]
On April 26, 2012, the Minister of Finance introduced theJobs, Growth and Long-term Prosperity Act (Bill C-38),[39] anomnibus bill that amends over 50 laws. The bill makes numerous amendments to theenvironmental assessment process, including increasing the threshold for which reviews are required, limiting the scope of the reviews, shortening review times, moving environmental reviews of pipeline projects to theNational Energy Board and nuclear projects to theCanadian Nuclear Safety Commission, enabling the delegation of reviews to provincial agencies, limiting reviews of fish habitats to only the fish used for commercial, recreation or first nations purposes, making reviews of migratory birds optional (at the discretion of cabinet), and limits public participation to only those individuals who directly impacted by a proposal or are specifically sought by the review agency for their specialized knowledge.[40] The omnibus bill would also repeal theKyoto Protocol Implementation Act and theFair Wages and Hours of Labour Act, eliminates theNational Council of Welfare, and theInternational Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development, the regulatory agencyAssisted Human Reproduction Canada, thePublic Appointments Commission, the National Roundtable on the Environment and the Economy, and the Canadian Artists and Producers Professional Relations Tribunal, as well as eliminates the office of the inspector general at theCanadian Security Intelligence Service and certain reviews byAuditor General.[41] It creates a new department called Shared Services Canada and replaces the Employment Insurance Board of Referees with the Social Security Tribunal. The bill also provides for moving theOld Age Security pension threshold from 65 to 67 years old, and provides for the deprecation of thepenny andsocial insurance number cards.[41] The government was criticized for limiting debate on the 420-page bill to only seven days.[42] The bill was passed by the House of Commons on June 18 and the Senate on June 29 and given royal assent on the same day.
The second omnibus bill was theJobs and Growth Act (Bill C-45),[43] introduced on October 18, 2012, by the Minister of Finance and adopted on December 14. The 443-page bill makes 65 amendments to 24 laws.[44] Among the financial measures in the bill were the elimination of the Overseas Employment Tax Credit and corporate tax credits for mining exploration and development; moving the Atlantic Investment Tax Credit away from oil, gas, and mining towards electricity generation; making provisions forPooled Registered Pension Plans; various amendments toRegistered Disability Savings Plans,Retirement Compensation Arrangements, Employees Profit Sharing Plans, andthin capitalisation rules; reducing theScientific Research and Experimental Development Tax Credit Program; adding a requirement that employers report as part of an employee's income any contributions to a group sickness or accident insurance plan; increasing the salaries of federal judges and making the income of theGovernor General subject to income taxes.[45] Non-financial measures added into the bill included a renaming of theNavigable Waters Protection Act toNavigation Protection Act and reduces its scope from allnavigable waters to only 159 rivers and lakes, plus three oceans; creates theBridge to Strengthen Trade Act which exempts a proposed new bridge betweenWindsor, Ontario andDetroit,Michigan from theEnvironmental Assessment Act,Fisheries Act, and the newNavigation Protection Act;[46] eliminates the Merchant Seamen Compensation Board, the Hazardous Materials Information Review Commission, and theCanada Employment Insurance Financing Board.[47] The portion of the bill that dealt with political pensions was taken out after first reading and re-introduced as thePension Reform Act (Bill C-46).[48]
Fifteen private member bills had received royal assent. Six private member bills were adopted in 2012:
In 2013, another nine private member bills were adopted:
The second session ran between October 16, 2013, and August 2, 2015, and saw 86 bills receive royal assent. TheProhibiting Cluster Munitions Act implemented Canada's commitments made under theConvention on Cluster Munitions. TheCanadian Museum of History Act changed the name and purpose of the Canadian Museum of Civilization to theCanadian Museum of History. TheCombating Counterfeit Products Act created a new criminal offence for possessing or exporting of counterfeit goods and allows customs officers to detain goods that they suspect infringe copyright or trade-marks.[63] TheRed Tape Reduction Act required that a federal government regulation be eliminated for every new regulation created affecting a business.[64] TheMinister of Aboriginal Affairs introduced theFirst Nations Elections Act which created an alternative electoral system, to the system under theIndian Act, thatFirst Nations may opt in to elect chiefs and councils.
TheMinister of Justice sponsored seven bills. TheProtecting Canadians from Online Crime Act maderevenge porn illegal.[65] TheTackling Contraband Tobacco Act created a new criminal offence for selling, distributing or delivering contraband tobacco products. TheNot Criminally Responsible Reform Act makes those found guilty of an offense butnot criminally responsible be deemed high risk offenders.[66] TheTougher Penalties for Child Predators Act increases mandatory minimum penalties and maximum penalties for sexual offences against children and creates a publicly accessible database of them, as well as requires reporting to police, border guards and officials in destination countries, of international travel.[67] TheVictims Bill of Rights Act creates the "Canadian Victims Bill of Rights" and provides for a right to present avictim impact statement, a right to the protection of identity, a right to participate in the criminal justice process and a right to seek restitution.[68] TheJustice for Animals in Service Act makes it a criminal offense to kill or injure alaw enforcement animal or amilitary animal while the animal is carrying out its duty.[69] TheProtection of Communities and Exploited Persons Act, which makes purchasing sexual services and communicating in public places or online for the purpose of selling sexual services criminal offenses, was adopted in response to aSupreme Court decision that found the existing laws againstprostitution in Canada were unconstitutional.[70]
TheMinister of Public Safety sponsored four bills. TheProtection of Canada from Terrorists Act allowsCanadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) to act outside Canadian borders, share information with foreignintelligence agencies and guarantee anonymity to informants.[71] TheAnti-terrorism Act, 2015 makes promoting terrorism a criminal offense, allows for preventative arrests, allows for easier information sharing, inclusive of confidential data, between federal organizations for the purpose of detecting threats, and providing new powers to CSIS.[72] TheCommon Sense Firearms Licensing Act simplifies firearms licensing, provides a six-month amnesty for renewing a licence, eases rules on transporting restricted guns, provides thecabinet power to classify guns, and creates new limits to the power of the chief firearms officer.[73] TheDrug-Free Prisons Act gives theParole Board of Canada permission to cancel parole after a positive drug test.
TheMinister of Health'sRespect for Communities Act requires extensive consultation and letters of approvals to allowsupervised injection site likeInsite.[74] TheProtecting Canadians from Unsafe Drugs Act allows the Minister of Health to require studies regarding the effects of atherapeutic product (exceptnatural health products, require a label changes, and require healthcare institutions to report adverse drug reactions and medical device incidents.
TheMinister of Transport introduced theSafeguarding Canada's Seas and Skies Act implemented theInternational Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, extends civil and criminal immunity tooil spill response operations, and adds new reporting requirements to oil handling facilities. The same minister also introduce theSafe and Accountable Rail Act establishes minimumliability insurance levels for railway companies and creates a new compensation fund financed by shippers for use to cover damages from railway accidents.[75] TheMinister of Natural Resources'sEnergy Safety and Security Act andPipeline Safety Act increases theno fault liability for companies involved in oil and gas pipelines and offshore oil facilities to $1-billion and unlimited liability if found at fault, as well as implements parts of theVienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage.[76]
Nineteen private member bills were adopted in the second session.
In total during the 41st Parliament, Prime-Minister Harper appointed 21senators, all of whom caucused with the Conservative Party. On May 18, 2011, two weeks after the election, Harper appointedFabian Manning,Larry Smith, andJosée Verner, all of whom were defeated Conservative Party candidates in the general election. Manning and Smith had resigned from the Senate to run in the election and they became the first Senators to be reappointed to the Senate sinceJohn Carling in April 1896.[85] On January 6, 2012, Harper appointed seven new Senators, all Conservative Party members:Alberta Senator-in-waitingBetty Unger, former police chief in the city of OttawaVernon White, former MPNorman Doyle, the 2011 Conservative Party nominee inSaint-Hyacinthe—BagotJean-Guy Dagenais, as well asJoAnne Buth,Ghislain Maltais, andAsha Seth.[86][87] A third batch of senators were appointed on September 6, 2012. They included the first Vietnamese-Canadian,Thanh Hai Ngo, and the first Filipino-Canadian,Tobias C. Enverga, to be appointed as senators, as well asDiane Bellemare of Montreal,Tom McInnis of Halifax, andPaul McIntyre.[88] In early 2013, Harper appointed a final batch, includingDenise Batters,David Wells of St. John's,Victor Oh of Mississauga,Lynn Beyak ofDryden, Ontario,[89] plusAlberta Senators-in-waitingDoug Black andScott Tannas.
Of those who left the Senate during the 41st Parliament, 22 had reached the mandatory retirement age, including 12 Conservative Party members and one of the two remaining Progressive Conservatives. Three senators (Fred Dickson,Doug Finley, andPierre Claude Nolin) died while in office. Of the remaining, 13 voluntarily resigned for various reasons, including 7 who had caucused with the Liberal Party and 6 with the Conservative Party. The Senate suspended three members (Mike Duffy,Pamela Wallin andPatrick Brazeau) for the remainder of the 41st Parliament afterallegations of misuse of expense accounts was presented — evidence of misspending was also presented againstMac Harb but he voluntarily resigned before Senate could consider disciplinary measures.[90] A comprehensive audit of all senator expenses was released in June 2015 which identified 21 senators who claimed and were paid for invalid expenses, amounting to $978,627. In addition to Duffy, Wallin, Brazeau and Harb, the audit recommended criminal investigations be conducted into the expense claims of 9 other senators who had served during the 41st Parliament.[91]
In January 2014, the Liberal Party removed its senate members from its national party caucus. From then on, the members and the new senate caucus were referred to as "Independent Liberal" and referred to themselves as the "Senate Liberal Caucus", though they were no longer formally affiliated with the Liberal Party of Canada.[92]
With the28th Canadian Ministry continuing, Harper largely kept the same cabinet as before the election withJim Flaherty asMinister of Finance,Peter MacKay asMinister of National Defence,Vic Toews asMinister of Public Safety,Leona Aglukkaq asMinister of Health, andGerry Ritz as theMinister of Agriculture.Five ministers were lost in the election to retirement or defeat. In the 18 May cabinet shuffle Harper promotedSteven Blaney,Ed Fast,Joe Oliver,Peter Penashue to ministerial positions, as well as promotingDenis Lebel andJulian Fantino from Minister of State roles to ministerial positions. He also promotedBernard Valcourt,Tim Uppal,Alice Wong,Bal Gosal, andMaxime Bernier to Minister of State roles, replacing the two who had been promoted to Minister, one who had been defeated in the election, andRob Merrifield andRob Moore who were demoted.[93] Upon the retirement ofBev Oda in July 2012, Harper promoted Julian Fantino to replace her asMinister for International Cooperation, with Bernard Valcourt replacing Fantino asAssociate Minister.
In preparing for the second session, Harpershuffled his cabinet in July 2013.Kellie Leitch,Chris Alexander,Shelly Glover andKerry-Lynne Findlay were promoted to ministerial positions.Vic Toews,Keith Ashfield,Peter Kent andGordon O'Connor were removed from cabinet.Michelle Rempel,Pierre Poilievre,Greg Rickford,Candice Bergen andRob Moore were promoted from Parliamentary Secretaries to Ministers of State.Kevin Sorenson was added to cabinet as a Minister of State.John Duncan resigned as Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development a couple months previously but was added back into cabinet as a Minister of State. In the shuffleLeona Aglukkaq became the newMinister of Environment,Rona Ambrose the newMinister of Health,Rob Nicholson the newMinister of National Defence,Gail Shea the newMinister of Fisheries and Oceans, andPeter MacKay the newMinister of Justice and Attorney-General.[94]
The current[95] and former officers of Parliament during the 41st Parliament are set out below.
Senate
House of Commons
Senate
House of Commons
Senate
House of Commons
The following by-elections have been held during the 41st Canadian Parliament:
The party standings in the House of Commons have changed as follows:
| May 2, 2011 – January 17, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of members per party by date | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| May 2 | Aug 22 | Dec 5 | Jan 10 | Mar 19 | Apr 23 | May 30 | Jul 31 | Aug 31 | Nov 26 | Feb 27 | Mar 14 | May 13 | Jun 2 | Jun 5 | Jun 6 | Jul 9 | Jul 31 | Aug 31 | Sep 12 | Sep 26 | Nov 6 | Nov 25 | Dec 13 | ||
| Conservative | 166 | 165 | 164 | 163 | 165 | 164 | 163 | 164 | 163 | 162 | 161 | 160 | 162 | ||||||||||||
| New Democratic | 103 | 102 | 101 | 102 | 101 | 100 | 101 | 100 | |||||||||||||||||
| Liberal | 34 | 35 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bloc Québécois | 4 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Green | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent Conservative | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total members | 308 | 307 | 308 | 307 | 306 | 305 | 308 | 307 | 308 | 307 | 306 | 305 | 304 | 303 | 307 | ||||||||||
| Vacant | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Government majority | 24 | 25 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 21 | 19 | 21 | 20 | 21 | 20 | 18 | 17 | |||||||
| January 17, 2014 – present | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of members per party by date | 2014 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jan 17 | Mar 12 | Apr 1 | Apr 10 | Jun 6 | Jun 30 | Aug 12 | Aug 20 | Aug 25 | Sep 17 | Oct 21 | Nov 5 | Nov 17 | Jan 5 | Feb 9 | Mar 16 | Mar 31 | May 13 | |||||||||
| Conservative | 161 | 160 | 162 | 161 | 163 | 162 | 161 | 160 | 159 | |||||||||||||||||
| New Democratic | 100 | 99 | 98 | 97 | 96 | 95 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Liberal | 36 | 35 | 37 | 35 | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Bloc Québécois | 4 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Green | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Strength in Democracy | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Independent Conservative | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total members | 306 | 305 | 304 | 303 | 307 | 306 | 305 | 307 | 306 | 305 | 304 | |||||||||||||||
| Vacant | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
| Government majority | 16 | 17 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 19 | 20 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 14 | ||||||||||||||
The party standings in the Senate have changed during the 41st Canadian Parliament as follows:
| May 2, 2011 – May 9, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of members per party by date | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| May 2 | May 13 | May 25 | Jun 13 | Sep 7 | Sep 21 | Sep 26 | Oct 17 | Dec 2 | Dec 17 | Jan 6 | Jan 17 | Feb 6 | Feb 9 | Feb 20 | Jun 18 | Jun 30 | Jul 21 | Sep 6 | Sep 17 | Sep 23 | Oct 19 | Nov 6 | Jan 10 | Jan 18 | Jan 25 | Feb 7 | Feb 11 | Mar 16 | Mar 22 | Mar 25 | ||
| Conservative | 52 | 54 | 55 | 54 | 59 | 60 | 59 | 58 | 59 | 58 | 57 | 62 | 61 | 60 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 63 | |||||||||||||
| Liberal | 46 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 40 | 39 | 38 | 37 | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SenateProgressive Conservative Caucus | 2 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent Progressive Conservative | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total members | 102 | 101 | 103 | 104 | 103 | 102 | 101 | 100 | 99 | 98 | 103 | 104 | 103 | 102 | 103 | 102 | 101 | 100 | 105 | 104 | 103 | 102 | 101 | 100 | 99 | 104 | 103 | 102 | 103 | |||
| Vacant | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | |||
| Government majority | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 26 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 23 | ||
| May 9, 2013 – present | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of members per party by date | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| May 9 | May 11 | May 16 | May 17 | Aug 2 | Aug 26 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 30 | Jan 29 | Jun 15 | Jun 17 | Jun 30 | Jul 17 | Jul 25 | Aug 10 | Nov 27 | Dec 2 | Dec 15 | Jan 31 | Apr 17 | Apr 23 | Jun 15 | Jun 17 | Jun 20 | Jul 4 | |||||||
| Conservative | 63 | 62 | 61 | 60 | 59 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 49 | 48 | 47 | ||||||||||||||||
| Liberal | 35 | 33 | 32 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senate Liberal Caucus | 0 | 32 | 31 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent | 4 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Independent Progressive Conservative | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total members | 103 | 102 | 100 | 99 | 98 | 96 | 95 | 94 | 93 | 92 | 91 | 90 | 89 | 88 | 87 | 86 | 85 | 84 | 83 | |||||||||||||
| Vacant | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | |||||||||||||
| Government majority | 23 | 22 | 20 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 20 | 18 | 17 | 18 | 17 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 11 | |||||||||
| Benches |
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| Elections | |||||
| Members | |||||
| Federal budgets | |||||
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