55°56′35″N3°11′12″W / 55.94318°N 3.18665°W /55.94318; -3.18665
| 40 George Square | |
|---|---|
_And_Lecture_Block_(block_B)_Including_Steppe_-_20140421174922.jpg) View from George Square | |
 Interactive map of the 40 George Square area | |
| Former names | David Hume Tower, DHT |
| General information | |
| Type | University tower block |
| Architectural style | Scottish Modernism |
| Location | Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Construction started | 1960 |
| Completed | 1963 |
| Owner | The University of Edinburgh |
| Height | 43 m (141 ft) |
| Technical details | |
| Structural system | Reinforced concrete with brick infill |
| Floor count | 14 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect | Robert Matthew |
| Architecture firm | Robert Matthew Johnson-Marshall & Partners (RMJM) |
| Structural engineer | Blyth & Blyth |
| Renovating team | |
| Architect | Page\Park |
| Renovating firm | Balfour Beatty |
| Services engineer | Harley Haddow LLP |
40 George Square is atower block inEdinburgh, Scotland forming part of theUniversity of Edinburgh. Until September 2020 the tower was namedDavid Hume Tower (often abbreviated asDHT).[1] The building contains lecture theatres, teaching spaces, offices, a café and a shop.
The tower was originally named after theScottish Enlightenment philosopherDavid Hume, who was an alumnus of the university. In September 2020, in response to theBlack Lives Matter movement, the university announced that they would be renaming the tower to 40 George Square. The university stated that Hume's "comments on matters of race, though not uncommon at the time, rightly cause distress today."[2][1][3]
The tower was built as part of a significant 1960sredevelopment ofGeorge Square by the university, which saw the demolition of numerousGeorgian terraced houses and tenements to make way for new university buildings. The redevelopments were opposed by community groups and organisations, such as theCockburn Association and theScottish Georgian Society. Other buildings constructed included the university'sMain Library andAppleton Tower.
The building was designed for the university's Arts Faculty by the Scottishmodernist architectRobert Matthew ofRobert Matthew Johnson-Marshall & Partners (RMJM), alongside the structural engineering firm Blyth & Blyth.[4]
The tower is 43 metres (141 ft), and 14 storeys high. To the rear of the tower there is a row of lecture theatres, which are joined to the tower via a lower ground floor. The lower ground floor, known as the Hub, includes a café and shop surrounding a central atrium.[5]
The structure of the tower is made from reinforced concrete with brick infill, and is clad with slabs of polished black slate andYork sandstone. The block of lecture theatres is similarly made of reinforced concrete and clad in York sandstone.[4]
The construction took place from 1960 until 1963, and was carried out by the contractor firm Crudens.[4]
In 2006 Historic Scotland designated the building ascategory A listed, the highest category, stating the building is "one of the key monuments of Scottish Modernism", the architecture is of a "very high standard of design and execution" and the materials to be of "exceptional quality"[4]
In 2014, the lower ground floor was renovated to create the DHT Hub, including teaching space, a café and aEUSA shop. The renovations cost £15 million and won the RICS Conservation Award, Scottish Design Awards commendation, and a GIA Awards commendation.[6]
In 1753 Hume revised his essay "Of National Characters" by adding the following footnote: 'I am apt to suspect the negroes and in general all other species of men (for there are four or five different kinds) to be naturally inferior to the whites. There never was a civilized nation of any other complexion than white, nor even any individual eminent either in action or speculation. No ingenious manufactures amongst them, no arts, no science...'
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