| 30th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
29th ← → 31st | |
 United States Capitol (1846) | |
March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849 | |
| Members | 60 senators 230 representatives 2 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Democratic |
| Senate President | George M. Dallas (D) |
| House majority | Whig (plurality in the 2nd half of the 1st Congressional session) |
| House Speaker | Robert C. Winthrop (W) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: December 6, 1847 – August 14, 1848 2nd: December 4, 1848 – March 3, 1849 | |
The30th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of theUnited States Senate and theUnited States House of Representatives. It met inWashington, D.C. from March 4, 1847, to March 4, 1849, during the last two years of theadministration ofPresidentJames K. Polk. The apportionment of seats in theHouse of Representatives was based on the1840 United States census. The Senate had aDemocratic majority, and the House had aWhig majority. It was the only Congress in whichAbraham Lincoln served.
During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Wisconsin.
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) | Independent Democratic (ID) | Liberty (L) | Whig (W) | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 31 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 56 | 2 |
| Begin | 34 | 1 | 0 | 20 | 55 | 3 |
| End | 38 | 21 | 60 | 0 | ||
| Final voting share | 63.3% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 35.0% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 33 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 58 | 2 |
During this congress, two House seats were added for the new state of Wisconsin.
| Affiliation | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American | Democratic | Independent Democratic | Independent | Whig | Vacant | ||
| End ofprevious Congress | 12 | 137 | 0 | 0 | 77 | 226 | 2 |
| Begin | 1 | 107 | 2 | 1 | 116 | 227 | 1 |
| April 27, 1847 | 106 | 226 | 2 | ||||
| December 6, 1847 | 108 | 228 | 0 | ||||
| January 16, 1848 | 115 | 227 | 1 | ||||
| February 23, 1848 | 114 | 226 | 2 | ||||
| March 6, 1848 | 109 | 227 | 1 | ||||
| March 8, 1848 | 113 | 226 | 2 | ||||
| April 3, 1848 | 108 | 114 | 226 | 2 | |||
| April 19, 1848 | 107 | 225 | 3 | ||||
| May 29, 1848 | 225 | 5 | |||||
| June 8, 1848 | 109 | 227 | 3 | ||||
| June 12, 1848 | 110 | 114 | 228 | 2 | |||
| November 22, 1848 | 109 | 114 | 227 | 3 | |||
| December 4, 1848 | 116 | 229 | 1 | ||||
| February 12, 1849 | 110 | 230 | 0 | ||||
| Final voting share | .5% | 48% | 1% | .5% | 50.5% | ||
| Beginning of thenext Congress | 1 | 113 | 0 | 0 | 107 | 221 | 1 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and representatives are listed by district.
|
|  2 Democrats 1 Democrat and 1 Whig 2 Whigs |  David R. Atchison
|
The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State (class) | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[a] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee (2) | Vacant | Failure to elect. Successor elected November 22, 1847. | John Bell (W) | Elected November 22, 1847. |
| Iowa (2) | Vacant | Iowa had been admitted to the Union December 28, 1846, but the legislature failed to elect due to a three-way split that prevented any candidate from earning the required number of 30 legislators' votes.[1] First Senator elected December 7, 1848. | George Wallace Jones (D) | Elected December 7, 1848. |
| Iowa (3) | Vacant | Iowa had been admitted to the Union December 28, 1846, but the legislature failed to elect due to a three-way split that prevented any candidate from earning the required number of 30 legislators' votes.[1] First Senator elected December 7, 1848. | Augustus C. Dodge (D) | Elected December 7, 1848. |
| Mississippi (1) | Jesse Speight (D) | Incumbent died May 1, 1847. Successor appointed August 10, 1847, and then elected January 1848. | Jefferson Davis (D) | Appointed December 5, 1847. |
| Connecticut (1) | Jabez W. Huntington (W) | Incumbent died November 1, 1847. Successor appointed November 11, 1847, and then elected May 1848. | Roger S. Baldwin (W) | Appointed December 5, 1847. |
| Maine (1) | John Fairfield (D) | Incumbent died December 24, 1847. Successor appointed January 5, 1848. | Wyman B. S. Moor (D) | Appointed January 5, 1848. |
| Georgia (3) | Walter T. Colquitt (D) | Incumbent resigned February 4, 1848. Successor appointed February 4, 1848, to finish the term. | Herschel V. Johnson (D) | Appointed February 4, 1848. |
| Arkansas (3) | Ambrose H. Sevier (D) | Incumbent resigned March 15, 1848. Successor appointed March 30, 1848, to finish the term. | Solon Borland (D) | Appointed March 30, 1848. |
| Arkansas (2) | Chester Ashley (D) | Incumbent died April 29, 1848. Successor appointed May 12, 1848, and elected sometime thereafter. | William K. Sebastian (D) | Elected May 12, 1848. |
| Wisconsin (1) | Wisconsin admitted to the Union May 29, 1848. First Senator elected June 8, 1848. | Henry Dodge (D) | Elected June 8, 1848. | |
| Wisconsin (3) | Wisconsin admitted to the Union May 29, 1848. First Senator elected June 8, 1848. | Isaac P. Walker (D) | Elected June 8, 1848. | |
| Michigan (1) | Lewis Cass (D) | Incumbent resigned May 29, 1848, torun for U.S. President. Successor appointed June 8, 1848. | Thomas Fitzgerald (D) | Elected June 8, 1848. |
| Maine (1) | Wyman B. S. Moor (D) | Interim appointee retired when successor elected June 7, 1848. | Hannibal Hamlin (D) | Elected June 7, 1848. |
| Kentucky (3) | John J. Crittenden (W) | Incumbent resigned June 12, 1848, to run forGovernor of Kentucky. Successor appointed June 23, 1848, and elected sometime thereafter. | Thomas Metcalfe (W) | Elected June 23, 1848. |
| Alabama (3) | Arthur P. Bagby (D) | Incumbent resigned June 16, 1848, to becomeU.S. Minister to Russia. Successor elected July 1, 1848. | William R. King (D) | Elected July 1, 1848. |
| Alabama (2) | Dixon H. Lewis (D) | Incumbent died October 25, 1848. Successor elected November 25, 1848. | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | Elected November 25, 1848. |
| Delaware (1) | John M. Clayton (W) | Incumbent resigned February 23, 1849, to becomeU.S. Secretary of State. Successor elected February 23, 1849. | John Wales (W) | Elected February 23, 1849. |
| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[a] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Illinois 5th | Vacant | RepresentativeStephen A. Douglas resigned at end of previous congress. | William A. Richardson (D) | Seated December 6, 1847 |
| Virginia 2nd | George Dromgoole (D) | Incumbent died April 27, 1847. | Richard K. Meade (D) | Seated August 5, 1847 |
| Michigan 2nd | Edward Bradley (D) | Incumbent died August 5, 1847. | Charles E. Stuart (D) | Seated December 6, 1847 |
| Pennsylvania 6th | John W. Hornbeck (W) | Incumbent died January 16, 1848. | Samuel A. Bridges (D) | Seated March 6, 1848 |
| Massachusetts 8th | John Quincy Adams (W) | Incumbent died February 23, 1848. | Horace Mann (W) | Seated April 3, 1848 |
| New York 27th | John M. Holley (W) | Incumbent died March 8, 1848. | Esbon Blackmar (W) | Seated December 4, 1848 |
| South Carolina 1st | James A. Black (D) | Incumbent died April 3, 1848. | Daniel Wallace (D) | Seated June 12, 1848 |
| New York 6th | David S. Jackson (D) | James Monroe contested seat after which the House declared the seat vacant April 19, 1848. | Horace Greeley (W) | Seated December 4, 1848 |
| Wisconsin 1st | Wisconsin admitted into the Union May 29, 1848, and seat remained vacant until June 8, 1848. | William P. Lynde (D) | Seated June 8, 1848 | |
| Wisconsin 2nd | Wisconsin admitted into the Union May 29, 1848, and seat remained vacant until June 8, 1848. | Mason C. Darling (D) | Seated June 8, 1848 | |
| Wisconsin Territory At-large | John H. Tweedy (W) | Incumbent was disqualified May 29, 1848, after the portion of territory he resided in achieved statehood. | Henry H. Sibley | Seated October 30, 1848 |
| South Carolina 4th | Alexander D. Sims (D) | Incumbent died November 22, 1848. | John McQueen (D) | Seated February 12, 1849 |
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
