TheSecond Soviet Antarctic Expedition was led byAleksei Treshnikov on the continent; the marine expedition on the "Ob" was led by I. V. Maksimov. The "Ob" left Kaliningrad on 7 November, 1956.

Three ships were used to transport the expedition, alldiesel-electric. The two main ships were as for the first expedition: RVOb (flagship; captainI. A. Man [ru])) and RV "Lena" (captain A. I. Vetrov). The third ship wasKooperatsiya (captain A. S. Yantselevich), used mainly as a transport vessel.

The tasks of the expedition were:

1. Relief of the first expedition
2. Full scale scientific work for theInternational Geophysical Year (IGY) This included glacier mapping and wildlife tracking, among other things.
3. Organisation of two IGY scientific stations near the south geomagnetic pole and pole of relative inaccessibility
4. An inland tractor-sledge traverse for glaciology
5. Oceanography

• Lena Passage, named after the shipLena
• Lednikov Bay (Bukhta Lednikovaya), named for location

• A V Nudel ManSoviet Antarctic Expeditions 1955–1959, Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskva, 1959 (translated from the Russian by the Israel program for scientific translations, Jerusalem, 1966 for theNational Science Foundation).

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