_Valdivia.png) Shape model ofValdivia from itslightcurve | |
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | C. Torres S. Barros |
| Discovery site | Cerro El Roble Stn. |
| Discovery date | 1 December 1975 |
| Designations | |
| (2741) Valdivia | |
Named after | Pedro de Valdivia[2] (Spanishconquistador) |
| 1975 XG · 1935 CM 1952 DJ2 · 1953 QS 1969 EB1 · 1969 FC 1973 FX1 · 1979 UA1 1990 FO3 | |
| main-belt · (middle)[3] | |
| Orbital characteristics[1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 81.74 yr (29,856 days) |
| Aphelion | 3.0836AU |
| Perihelion | 2.1352 AU |
| 2.6094 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.1817 |
| 4.22yr (1,540 days) | |
| 142.32° | |
| 0° 14m 1.68s / day | |
| Inclination | 10.287° |
| 151.13° | |
| 91.480° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 9.13±0.43 km[4] 10.73±0.64 km[5] 11.679±0.172 km[6][7] 17.52 km(calculated)[3] | |
| 4.096±0.0005 h[8] 4.096±0.001 h[9] 4.098±0.001 h[10] 8.191±0.0001 h[11] | |
| 0.10(assumed)[3] 0.205±0.035[6] 0.2052±0.0350[7] 0.244±0.032[5] 0.404±0.066[4] | |
| S/C[3] | |
| 11.764±0.002(R)[8] · 11.80[4] · 11.9[1][3] · 12.00[5][7] | |
2741 Valdivia (prov. designation:1975 XG) is abackground asteroid from the central regions of theasteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers (6.8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 1 December 1975, by Chilean astronomersCarlos Torres andSergio Barros at theCerro El Roble Station northwest of Santiago de Chile.[13] The asteroid was named after Spanish conquistadorPedro de Valdivia.[2]
Valdivia is a non-family asteroid from the main belt'sbackground population. It orbits the Sun in thecentral main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,540 days). Its orbit has aneccentricity of 0.18 and aninclination of 10° with respect to theecliptic.[1] The asteroid was first observed as1935 CM atUccle Observatory in February 1935, where the body'sobservation arc begins just a two weeks later, or more than 40 years before its official discovery observation at Cerro El Roble.[13]
Thisminor planet was named after Spanish conquistadorPedro de Valdivia (1502–1553), who conquered Chile with a small expedition corps after he served underFrancisco Pizarro in Peru. Valdivia founded the citiesSantiago (1541) andConcepción (1550) and became Chile's first royal governor.[2] The city ofValdivia in southern Chile is also named after him. The official naming citation was published by theMinor Planet Center on 26 March 1986 (M.P.C. 10546).[14]
In August 2016, the so-far best-rated rotationallightcurve ofValdivia was obtained by the Spanish amateur astronomer group OBAS. Lightcurve analysis gave arotation period of 4.098 hours with a brightness variation of 0.25magnitude (U=3).[10] Previously, in May 2003,photometric observations made byDonald P. Pray at the Carbuncle Hill Observatory (912) near Providence, Rhode Island, gave a synodic period of 4.096 hours and an amplitude of 0.40 in magnitude (U=2+).[9] In addition astronomers at thePalomar Transient Factory found a period of 4.096 hours with an amplitude of 0.28 om May 2011 (U=2),[8] and French amateur astronomerRené Roy obtained a period of 8.1922 hours (twice the period solution) with an amplitude of 0.36 (U=2).[11]
In 2016, an international study modeled a lightcurve with a concurring period of4.09668±0.00005 hours and found twospin axes of (269.0°, −31.0°) and (103.0°, −59.0°) inecliptic coordinates (λ, β) (U=n.a.).[12]
According to the survey carried out by theNEOWISE mission of NASA'sWide-field Infrared Survey Explorer,Valdivia measures between 9.13 and 11.679 kilometers in diameter and its surface has analbedo between 0.205 and 0.404,[4][6][7] while the JapaneseAkari satellite found an albedo of 0.244 and a diameter of 10.73 kilometers.[5] TheCollaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.10 – a compromise value between thecarbonaceous (0.057) andstony (0.20) asteroids – and calculates a diameter of 17.52 kilometers based on anabsolute magnitude of 11.9.[3]
