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After theSoviet occupation of Latvia in June 1940, the annihilation of the Latvian Army began. The army was first renamed thePeople's Army of Latvia (Latvian:Latvijas Tautas armija) and in September–November 1940 theRed Army's24th Territorial (Rifle) Corps (Latvian:24. teritoriālais korpuss,Russian:24-й территориальный корпус РККА). An alternate name was the24th Latvian Riflemen Corps (24. latviešu strēlnieku korpuss,24-й Латышский стрелковый корпус). The corps comprised the181st and183rd Rifle Divisions. In most cases, soldiers and officers of the corps continued to wear former Latvian Army uniforms with removed Latvian insignia and/or with added Soviet rank insignia.[1]
In September the corps contained 24,416 men but in autumn more than 800 officers and about 10,000 instructors and soldiers were discharged. The arrests of soldiers continued in the following months. In June 1940, the entire Territorial Corps was sent toLitene camp.[2] Before leaving the camp, Latvians drafted in 1939 were demobilised, and replaced by about 4,000 Russian soldiers from the area around Moscow. On June 10, the corps' senior officers were sent to supposed 'officer courses' in Moscow, where they were arrested and most of them were shot. On June 14, the camp was surrounded byNKVDTroops – around ten soldiers were shot, and at least 430 officers were arrested and sent toGulag camps inNorilsk.
After theGerman attack against the Soviet Union, from June 29 to July 1 more than 2080 Latvian soldiers were demobilised, fearing that they might turn their weapons against the Russian commissars and officers. Simultaneously, many soldiers and officers deserted and when the corps crossed the Latvian border into theRussian SFSR, only about 3,000 Latvian soldiers remained.[3]
After completing a fighting retreat toStaraya Russa and beyond, the corps was dissolved in September 1, 1941.
The Corps was recreated on February 24, 1943. It fought in theCentral Front as part of the60th Army, and later in the1st Ukrainian Front as part of the13th Army from March 14, 1943 to May 11, 1945. The corps was disbanded in July 1946.
Soviet Union corps