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22d Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron
376th Expeditionary Operations Group KC-135 at Manas[a]
Active	1939–1945; 1950–1962; 1963–1989; 1992–2002; 2003–by 2014
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Aerial refueling
Nickname	Mules
Engagements	South West Pacific Theater of World War II China Burma India Theater of World War II War in Afghanistan
Decorations	Distinguished Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award
Insignia
22d Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron emblem[b][1]
22d Air Refueling Squadron emblem[c]
22d Air Refueling Squadron emblem[d]
22d Bombardment Squadron emblem[e][2]
22d Bombardment Squadron emblem[f][3]

The22d Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron is a provisionalUnited States Air Force unit, assigned toAir Mobility Command. It is engaged in combat operations as part of the globalwar on terrorism inAfghanistan. Its current status and location are undetermined. The squadron's permanent designation is the22d Air Refueling Squadron.

During World War II, the22d Bombardment Squadron was a heavyBoeing B-17 Flying Fortress and later, a mediumNorth American B-25 Mitchell bomber squadron which fought in the Southwest Pacific and China-Burma-India theaters.

Formed in 1939 as a prewar bomber squadron, equipped withDouglas B-18 Bolos, later early modelBoeing B-17 Flying Fortresses. Flew antisubmarine patrols off California coast, 8 December – c. 10 December 1941. Deployed to Southwest Pacific Theater and assigned to Fifth Air Force in Australia, engaging in combat, c. 13 January – c. 1 March 1942; detachment under control of United States Navy in combat from the Fiji Islands and Australia, 14 February – c. 14 March 1942. Surviving B-17 aircraft and personnel reassigned to other units in Australia, March 1942 and unit reassigned without personnel or equipment to the United States for re-equipping and remanning asmedium bomber squadron.

Re-equipped as aNorth American B-25 Mitchell bomb squadron and deployed toTenth Air Force for combat in theChina-Burma-India Theater, 14 December 1942 – 25 July 1945. Deployed toKarachi, India;Chakulia, India; andYangkai, China. While inCalcutta, India, the unit converted to theDouglas A-26 Invader attack bomber. During World War II, the unit earned twoDistinguished Unit Citations and participated in nine separate campaigns. Personnel demobilized in India after the war, and the 22d was inactivated as a paper unit in the United States in November 1945.

On 16 June 1950, the 22d Air Refueling Squadron was activated atMarch Air Force Base, California, flying theBoeing KC-97 Stratofreighter aircraft. The squadron relocated toMcChord Air Force Base, Washington on 15 June 1960 where it later upgraded to theBoeing KC-135 Stratotanker. The squadron was inactivated on 1 July 1962. The squadron was reactivated at March on 1 July 1963, flying the KC-135 and EC-135 aircraft.

In 1962, SAC established an airborne command post atOffutt Air Force Base, Nebraska, nicknamedOperation Looking Glass, to ensure continuity ofcommand and control of SAC forces in the event of a nuclear attack. Looking Glass was soon augmented by auxiliary aircraft stationed with the headquarters of SAC's threeNumbered Air Forces. The 22d receivedBoeing EC-135C aircraft to operate SAC's Western Auxiliary Command Post's airborne element forFifteenth Air Force. The 22d continued to operate PACCS aircraft until 1 April 1970, when SAC reorganized its airborne command post aircraft and withdrew them from vulnerable bases near the coasts and assigned them to the2d,3d, and4th Airborne Command and Control Squadrons, stationed at bases closer to the heartland of North America.^[4]

It deployed toAndersen Air Force Base, Guam whereupon it supported theVietnam War until mid-1973. The squadron was inactivated on 1 December 1989.

On 19 Sep 1985 the 22d Air Refueling Squadron was consolidated with the 22d Bombardment Squadron, a unit that was last active 2 Nov 1945. This action was directed by Department of the Air Force Letter DAF/MPM 662q Attachment 1 (Active Units), 19 Sep 1985. The Consolidated Unit retained the designation of 22d Air Refueling Squadron, Heavy.

Activated on 1 October 1992 atMountain Home Air Force Base, Idaho, it was assigned seven KC-135R model aircraft as part of the Air Force's first Composite Air Intervention Wing. The squadron was consecutively awarded the 366th Wing's Silver Bolt Award forforeign object damage prevention during fiscal year 1997-1 and 1997–2, as wellAir Combat Command (ACC)'s Best Tanker Award for 1993. The squadron garnered the 366th Wing's only "Outstanding" rating during the July 1995 Operational Readiness Inspection and its deployed maintenance won the ACC IG Superior Performance Team Award during the 366th Wing's 1997 AEF and first ever combat zone ORI. The 22d ARS was the only squadron in the 366th Wing to display nose art on the entire fleet (nose art developed by crew chief, SSgt Tony Eubanks). It was also awarded the Outstanding Unit Award, 1 June 1998 through 31 May 1999. The squadron was inactivated in 2002.

The unit was converted to provisional status in 2003, and assigned toAir Mobility Command to activate as needed to support combat operations under the purview ofAFCENT, in combat areas as part of the globalwar on terrorism inAfghanistan.

22d Bombardment Squadron

• Constituted as the22d Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) and activated on 20 October 1939

Redesignated22d Bombardment Squadron (Medium) c. 15 September 1942

Redesignated22d Bombardment Squadron, Medium 28 April 1944

Inactivated on 2 November 1945

• Consolidated with the22d Air Refueling Squadron as the22d Air Refueling Squadron on 19 September 1985^[5]

22d Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron

• Constituted as the22d Air Refueling Squadron, Medium on 5 May 1950

Activated on 15 June 1950

Discontinued and inactivated on 1 July 1962

• Redesignated22d Air Refueling Squadron, Heavy and activated on 21 February 1963 (not organized)

Organized on 1 July 1963

• Consolidated with the22d Bombardment Squadron on 19 September 1985

Inactivated on 1 December 1989

• Redesignated22d Air Refueling Squadron on 29 September 1992

Activated on 1 October 1992

Inactivated on 30 August 2002

• Redesignated22d Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron and converted to provisional status, 22 January 2003^[5]

• 7th Bombardment Group, 20 October 1939 (attached to17th Bombardment Group for training, 26 April – 28 May 1942)
• 341st Bombardment Group, 15 September 1942 – 2 November 1945
• 22d Bombardment Group, 16 June 1950 (attached to22d Bombardment Wing after 10 February 1951)
• 22d Bombardment Wing, 16 June 1952
• 92d Bombardment Wing (later 92d Strategic Aerospace Wing), 15 June 1960 – 1 July 1962
• Strategic Air Command, 21 February 1963 (not organized)
• 22d Bombardment (later, 22d Air Refueling) Wing, 1 July 1963 – 1 December 1989
• 366th Wing, 1 October 1992 – 30 August 2002
• Air Mobility Command to activate or inactivate at any time after 22 January 2003
• Air Combat Command to activate or inactivate at any time after 19 March 2003^[5]

376th Expeditionary Operations Group 22 January 2003 - c. 2014

• Douglas B-18 Bolo, 1939–1940
• Northrop A-17, 1939–1940
• Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, 1940–1942
• North American B-25 Mitchell; 1942–1945
• Douglas A-26 Invader, 1945
• Boeing KC-97 Stratotanker, 1952–1960
• Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker, 1960–1962; 1963–1967; 1967–1989; 1992–2002, 2003–Present
• Boeing EC-135, 1963–1970^[5]

• United States Army Air Forces in Australia
• Post Attack Command and Control System – for 22 ARS' contribution to PACCS

Explanatory notes

Citations

 This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Endicott, Judy G. (1998).Active Air Force Wings as of 1 October 1995 and USAF Active Flying, Space, and Missile Squadrons as of 1 October 1995(PDF). Air Force History and Museums Program. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ASIN B000113MB2. Retrieved2 July 2014.

Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969].Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II(PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ISBN 0-405-12194-6.LCCN 70605402.OCLC 72556. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 20 December 2016.

• Watkins, Robert A. (2017).Insignia and Aircraft Markings of the U.S. Army Air Force In World War II. Vol. VI, China-Burma-India & The Western Pacific. Atglen, PA: Shiffer Publishing, Ltd.ISBN 978-0-7643-5273-7.

• 22d Bomb Squadron Association^{[permanent dead link]}

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• Air refueling squadrons of the United States Air Force
• Air expeditionary squadrons of the United States Air Force

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