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2028 in spaceflight

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2028 in spaceflight
The rotorcraftDragonfly probe toTitan is planned to be launched in 2028.
2028 in spaceflight
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This article documents expected notablespaceflight events during the year 2028.

NASA plans to launchDragonfly, a roboticrotorcraft probe which will exploreSaturn's moonTitan.[1]

NASA plans to launchArtemis 4. The first to useSLS Block 1B.

Russia expects to launch theLuna 27 lunar lander in 2028.

Chang'e 8, the last mission beforeChina’s moon base begins construction, is planned to launch.

The first uncrewed flight ofOrel, Russia's replacement for the crewedSoyuz spacecraft, is scheduled for 2028.

India plans to launch the first module for theBharatiya Antariksha Station in 2028.[2] India also plans to launch theChandrayaan-4 andLUPEX lunar missions.

ESA expects to launch theRosalind Franklin rover to Mars on an American commercial launch vehicle.[3]

Orbital launches

[edit]
Date and time (UTC)RocketFlight numberLaunch siteLSP
Payload
(⚀ =CubeSat)		OperatorOrbitFunctionDecay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks


March

[edit]
29 March[4]IndiaLVM3IndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaVenus Orbiter Mission (Shukrayaan)ISROCytherocentricVenus orbiter 
Q1 (TBD)[5][6]JapanH3JapanTanegashimaLA-Y2JapanMHI
United Arab EmiratesMBR ExplorerUAESAHeliocentricAsteroidflyby and landing 
Emirates Mission to the Asteroid Belt (EMA).

April

[edit]
April (TBD)[7]JapanH3JapanTanegashimaLA-Y2JapanMHI
JapanRamsesESA/JAXAHeliocentricAsteroid probe 
JapanDESTINY+[8]JAXAHeliocentricAsteroidflyby 
⚀SatisESAHeliocentricAsteroid flyby 
Ramses aims to conduct a flyby of99942 Apophis whileDESTINY+ Aims to conduct a flyby of3200 Phaethon in 2030.


June

[edit]
Q2 (TBD)
[9]		United StatesFalcon 9 Block 5United StatesCape CanaveralSLC-40United StatesSpaceX
United States TBATBAGeosynchronousTBA 
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to GTO orbit by SEOPS (SEOPS GTO Rideshare 1).

July

[edit]
5–25 July[1]United StatesFalcon HeavyUnited StatesKennedyLC-39AUnited StatesSpaceX
United StatesDragonflyNASAHeliocentric (to Saturn)Exploration ofTitan 
Rotorcraft probe to fly in the atmosphere of Saturn's moonTitan.
July (TBD)[12]JapanEpsilon SJapanUchinouraJapanJAXA
JapanSolar-C EUVSTJAXALow Earth (SSO)Heliophysics 
Extreme Ultraviolet High-Throughput Spectroscopic Telescope Epsilon Mission.[10][11]

August

[edit]
August (TBD)[13]TBATBATBA
ArgentinaSAOCOM-2ACONAELow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 

September

[edit]
September (TBD)[16]United StatesSLS Block 1BUnited StatesKennedyLC-39BUnited StatesNASA
United StatesArtemis IVNASASelenocentric (NRHO)CrewedGateway expedition
Crewedlunar landing		 
International Habitation Module(I-HAB)ESASelenocentric (NRHO)Lunar Gateway component 
Third crewedOrion flight, second Artemis lunar landing, and first lunar landing with 4 crew members.[14] First launch of the SLS Block 1B variant with theExploration Upper Stage. Delivery of I-HAB to theLunar Gateway.[15]
Q3 (TBD)[17]FranceAriane 64FranceKourouELA-4FranceArianespace
TBATBAGeosynchronousTBA 
Multi-Launch Service (MLS) #3 rideshare mission.

October

[edit]
October (TBD)[19]United StatesTBAUnited StatesKennedyUnited StatesTBA
TBAESATMI toMartian surfaceMars lander 
Rosalind FranklinESATMI toMartian surfaceMars rover 
ExoMars mission. Delayed and retooled due to the suspension of ESA–Russia cooperation on ExoMars.[18]

December

[edit]
December (TBD)[20][21]RussiaAmur /Fregat-MRussiaVostochnySite 2ARussiaRoscosmos
Russia GVM-MRoscosmosLow EarthMass simulator 
Russia Sfera × ?[22]RoscosmosLow EarthCommunications 
Maiden flight of Amur (Soyuz-7), apartially reusablemethane-powered launch vehicle.
Q4 (TBD)
[23]		United States TBAUnited StatesCape CanaveralUnited States TBA
United StatesMTONASAAreocentricMars Orbiter 
Q4 (TBD)[24][25]United StatesFalcon 9 Block 5United StatesTBAUnited StatesSpaceX
United StatesGermanyGRACE-C1NASA /DLRLow Earth (Polar)Gravimetry 
United StatesGermanyGRACE-C2NASA /DLRLow Earth (Polar)Gravimetry 
Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment-Continuity (GRACE-C).
Q4 (TBD)[26][27]ItalyVega-CFranceKourouELVFranceArianespace
CRISTAL (Sentinel-9)ESALow Earth (Polar)Earth observation 
Part of the European Space Agency'sCopernicus Programme.

To be determined

[edit]
2028 (TBD)
[28][29]		RussiaSoyuz-2.1b /Fregat-MRussiaPlesetskSite 43RussiaRVSN RF
RussiaKosmos
(GLONASS-K228L (K2 №7))		VKSMedium EarthNavigation 
2028 (TBD)
[28][30]		RussiaSoyuz-2.1b /Fregat-MRussiaPlesetskSite 43RussiaRVSN RF
RussiaKosmos
(GLONASS-K229L (K2 №8))		VKSMedium EarthNavigation 
2028 (TBD)
[28][31]		RussiaSoyuz-2.1b /Fregat-MRussiaPlesetskSite 43RussiaRVSN RF
RussiaKosmos
(GLONASS-K230L (K2 №9))		VKSMedium EarthNavigation 
2028 (TBD)[32][33]RussiaAngara A5RussiaVostochnySite 1ARussiaRoscosmos
RussiaOrelRoscosmosLow EarthFlight test 
First uncrewed test flight of Russia's new crewed spacecraft, Orel. First launch of Angara A5 from Vostochny.
2028 (TBD)[32][35]RussiaAngara A5PRussiaVostochnySite 1ARussiaRoscosmos
RussiaOrelRoscosmosLow Earth (ISS)Flight test 
First flight of the Angara A5P, a crew-rated variant of theAngara A5.[34] An uncrewed Orel capsule will be sent to the International Space Station to test docking procedures.
2028 (TBD)[32][36][34]RussiaAngara A5PRussiaVostochnySite 1ARussiaRoscosmos
RussiaOrelRoscosmosLow Earth (ISS)Crewedflight test 
Crewed flight test of the Orel capsule to the International Space Station.
2028 (TBD)
[37]		RussiaSoyuz-2.1b /FregatRussiaVostochnySite 1SRussiaRoscosmos
RussiaProgress-ROSRoscosmosLow Earth (ROS)TBA 
Cargo flight toROS.
2028 (TBD)
[38]		RussiaAngara A5MRussiaVostochnySite 1ARussiaRoscosmos
RussiaOrel-ROSRoscosmosLow Earth (ROS)TBA 
Crewed flight toROS.
2028 (TBD)[39][40]FranceAriane 62 orVega-C[41]FranceKourouELA-4 orELVFranceArianespace
ROSE-L (Sentinel-12)ESALow Earth (Polar)Earth observation 
Part of the European Space Agency'sCopernicus Programme.
2028 (TBD)[42][43]JapanEpsilon SJapanUchinouraJapanJAXA
JapanJASMINEJAXA /NAOJLow Earth (SSO)Astrometric observatory 
2028 (TBD)[45]United StatesFalcon 9 Block 5United StatesCape CanaveralSLC-40United StatesSpaceX
United Arab EmiratesAl Yah 5YahsatGeosynchronousCommunications 
Replacement forYahsat 1B (Al Yah 2).[44]
2028 (TBD)[46]United StatesFalcon HeavyUnited StatesKennedyLC-39AUnited StatesSpaceX
United StatesGPS IIIF-03 (GPS III-13)U.S. Space ForceMedium EarthNavigation 
USSF-15 Mission.
2028 (TBD)[47]United StatesVulcan CentaurUnited StatesCape CanaveralSLC-40United StatesULA
United StatesGPS IIIF-04 (GPS III-14)U.S. Space ForceMedium EarthNavigation 
USSF-88 Mission.
2028 (TBD)
[48]		United StatesFalcon HeavyUnited StatesKennedyLC-39AUnited StatesSpaceX
United StatesEchoStar-26EchoStarGeosynchronousCommunications 
2028 (TBD)[16][49]United StatesFalcon HeavyUnited StatesKennedyLC-39AUnited StatesSpaceX
United StatesSpaceX GLS-1SpaceX /NASASelenocentric (NRHO)Gateway logistics 
FirstLunar Gateway resupply mission, using theDragon XL logistics module.
2028 (TBD)[50]JapanH3JapanTanegashimaLA-Y2JapanMHI
JapanHimawari 10JMAGeosynchronousMeteorology 
2028-29 (TBD)[51][52]JapanH3JapanTanegashimaLA-Y2JapanMHI
IndiaLUPEX LanderISROTLI tolunar surfaceLunar lander 
JapanLUPEX RoverJAXATLI tolunar surfaceLunar rover 
Lunar Polar Exploration (LUPEX) Mission. It is also Known as Chandrayaan-5.
2028 (TBD)[53]ChinaLong March 5ChinaWenchang LC-1ChinaCASC
ChinaChang'e 8 LanderCNSASelenocentric tolunar surfaceLunar lander
ISRU demonstration		 
ChinaChang'e 8 RoverCNSASelenocentric tolunar surfaceLunar rover 
PakistanChina TBASUPARCO /CNSASelenocentric tolunar surfaceLunar rover 
TurkeyChina TBATBA /CNSASelenocentric tolunar surfaceLunar rover 
2028 (TBD)
[54]		India TBAIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaExoworldsISROLow EarthVisible Astronomy 
2028 (TBD)[2]IndiaLVM3IndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaBharatiya Antariksha Station-B1ISROLow EarthSpace station module 
First module for ISRO's Bharatiya Antariksha space station.
2028 (TBD)[55]IndiaHLVM 3IndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaGaganyaan-5 / H2ISROLow EarthCrewed spaceflight 
India's second crewed spaceflight.
2028 (TBD)[56]IndiaHLVM 3IndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaGaganyaan-6 / G4ISROLow Earth (ISS)ISS logistics 
India's first resupply mission toISS.
2028 (TBD)[56]IndiaHLVM 3IndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaGaganyaan-7 / G5ISROLow Earth (BAS)Resupply Spacecraft 
India's first resupply mission toBAS.
2028 (TBD)[57][58]IndiaLVM3IndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaGSAT-22NSILGeosynchronousCommunications 
2028 (TBD)[57]IndiaLVM3IndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaGSAT-23ISROGeosynchronousCommunications 
2028 (TBD)[59][60]IndiaPSLV-XLIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaDISHA-HISROLow EarthAeronomy 
IndiaDISHA-LISROLow EarthAeronomy 
Disturbed and quite-type Ionosphere System at High Altitude (DISHA) satellite constellation with two satellites.
2028 (TBD)[61]IndiaPSLVIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
India AHySIS-2ISROLow EarthEarth observation 
Follow-up toHySIS hyperspectral Earth imaging satellite.
2028 (TBD)[62]IndiaPSLVIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaResourcesat-3AISROLow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 
2028 (TBD)[62]IndiaPSLVIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaResourcesat-3S[63]ISROLow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 
2028 (TBD)[64][65]IndiaGSLV Mk IIIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaGSAT-7BISROGeosynchronousCommunications 
2028 (TBD)[66][65]IndiaGSLV Mk IIIndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaGSAT-7CISROGeosynchronousCommunications 
2028 (TBD)[67]IndiaGSLV Mk IIIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaIDRSS-2ISROGeosynchronousCommunications 
Second of two Satellite for Indian Data Relay satellite System.
2028 (TBD)[69]RussiaSoyuz-2.1a /FregatRussiaVostochnySite 1SRussiaRoscosmos
RussiaKanopus-VO №1RoscosmosLow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 
First satellite of the Kanopus-VO system, a next-generation successor toKanopus-V.[68]
2028 (TBD)[70][71]RussiaSoyuz-2.1a /FregatRussiaVostochnySite 1SRussiaRoscosmos
RussiaKanopus-VO №2RoscosmosLow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 
2028 (TBD)[72]ChinaLong March 4BChinaTaiyuan LC-9ChinaCASC
ChinaBrazilCBERS 6CASC /INPELow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 
2028 (TBD)[73]ChinaLong March 4BChinaTaiyuan LC-9ChinaCASC
ChinaHaiYang 2NMinistry of Natural ResourcesLow EarthEarth observation 
2028 (TBD)[73][74]ChinaLong March 4BChinaTBAChinaCASC
ChinaHaiYang 3C[75]Ministry of Natural ResourcesGeosynchronousEarth observation 
2028 (TBD)[73][74]ChinaLong MarchTBAChinaTBAChinaCASC
ChinaHaiYang 3D[76]Ministry of Natural ResourcesGeosynchronousEarth observation 
2028 (TBD)[73]ChinaLong March TBDChina TBAChinaCASC
ChinaFengyun 4ECMAGeosynchronousMeteorology 
2028 (TBD)[73]ChinaLong March TBDChinaWenchangChinaCASC
ChinaFengyun 5CCMAGeosynchronousMeteorology 
2028 (TBD)[77]ChinaLong March TBDChinaWenchangChinaCASC
ChinaLunar Remote SensingCMSASelenocentricEarth observation 
2028 (TBD)[78]IndiaPSLV-XLIndiaSatish DhawanIndiaISRO
IndiaRelay Mars OrbiterISROAreocentricMars orbiter 
Mars Lander Mission (Mangalyaan 2).
2028 (TBD)[78]IndiaLVM 3IndiaSatish DhawanSLPIndiaISRO
IndiaMLM LanderISROAreocentric toMartian SurfaceMars lander 
IndiaMLM RoverISROAreocentric toMartian SurfaceMars rover 
IndiaMLM HelicopterISROAreocentric toMartian SurfaceMars Helicopter 
Mars Lander Mission (Mangalyaan 2).
2028 (TBD)[79]United StatesNew GlennUnited StatesCape CanaveralLC-36United StatesBlue Origin
United StatesHabitat One (Hab-1)[80]Axiom SpaceLow EarthSpace habitat 
SecondAxiom Station module to be launched, nominally on New Glenn (with Falcon Heavy as backup).[citation needed]
2028 (TBD)[81]RussiaSoyuz-2.1a /FregatRussiaVostochnySite 1SRussiaRoscosmos
RussiaBelarus RBKA №1Roscosmos /BelarusLow EarthEarth observation 
RBKA will follow in the footsteps of BKA (Belarusian Satellite) launched along with Kanopus-V 1 and several other satellites in July 2012.
2028 (TBD)[82]United StatesStarshipUnited StatesTBAUnited StatesSpaceX
United StatesEuropeStarlabStarlab SpaceLow EarthSpace station 
Starlab Space is a joint venture betweenVoyager Space (Nanoracks) andAirbus.
2028 (TBD)[83]ItalyVega-CFranceKourouELVFranceArianespace
FranceGermanyMERLINCNES /DLRLow Earth (SSO)Earth observation ofatmospheric methane 
2028 (TBD)[26]ItalyVega-C[84]FranceKourouELVFranceArianespace
Sentinel-2D[85]ESALow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 
FourthSentinel-2 satellite.
2028 (TBD)[26]ItalyVega-C[84]FranceKourouELVFranceArianespace
Sentinel-3D[86]ESALow Earth (SSO)Earth observation 
FourthSentinel-3 satellite.
2028 (TBD)[87]United StatesTBAUnited StatesTBAUnited StatesTBA
United StatesBlue Ghost M3NASA /FireflyTLI tolunar surfaceLunar lander 
United StatesElytra DarkFireflySelenocentricLunar orbiter 
Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to theGruithuisen Domes.
2028 (TBD)[88][89]RussiaTBAKazakhstanBaikonur orRussiaVostochnyRussiaRoscosmos
RussiaEkspress-40RSCCGeosynchronousCommunications 
Replacement forEkspress-AM7 at 40° East.
2028 (TBD)
[90]		United States TBAUnited StatesCape CanaveralUnited States TBA
United StatesHelioSwarm HubNASALow EarthResearch 
United StatesHelioSwarm Node × 8NASALow EarthResearch 
2028 (TBD)[91]TBATBATBA
GenesisESALow EarthSatellite geodesy 
Aims to greatly improve theInternational Terrestrial Reference Frame.
2028 (TBD)[92]TBATBATBA
FranceGermany NyxThe Exploration CompanyLow EarthReusable spacecraft 
Demonstration mission forThe Exploration Company's reusable cargo spacecraft, Nyx.


Suborbital flights

[edit]
Date and time (UTC)RocketFlight numberLaunch siteLSP
Payload
(⚀ =CubeSat)		OperatorOrbitFunctionDecay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks
March (TBD)[93]United StatesImproved OrionSwedenEsrangeGermanyMORABA /SwedenSNSA
GermanySwedenREXUS-39DLR /SNSASuborbitalEducation 
March (TBD)[93]United StatesImproved OrionSwedenEsrangeGermanyMORABA /SwedenSNSA
GermanySwedenREXUS-40DLR /SNSASuborbitalEducation 
October (TBD)[93]Germany Red Kite/Red KiteSwedenEsrangeGermanyMORABA
Germany MAPHEUS-19DLRSuborbitalMicrogravity research 
November (TBD)[93]BrazilVSB-30SwedenEsrangeGermanyMORABA
GermanyTEXUS-65DLR /ESASuborbitalMicrogravity research 
November (TBD)[93]BrazilVSB-30SwedenEsrangeGermanyMORABA
GermanyTEXUS-66DLR /ESASuborbitalMicrogravity research 

Deep-space rendezvous

[edit]
Date (UTC)SpacecraftEventRemarks
18 April 2028LucyFlyby of asteroid11351 LeucusTarget altitude 1000 km
June 2028Hayabusa2Flyby of Earth[94]Gravity assist
11 November 2028LucyFlyby of asteroid21900 OrusTarget altitude 1000 km

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

[edit]
Start date/timeDurationEnd timeSpacecraftCrewRemarks

Orbital launch statistics

[edit]

By country

[edit]

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example,Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia becauseSoyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.


CountryLaunchesSuccessesFailuresPartial
failures
World0000

By rocket

[edit]

By family

[edit]
FamilyCountryLaunchesSuccessesFailuresPartial failuresRemarks

By type

[edit]
RocketCountryFamilyLaunchesSuccessesFailuresPartial failuresRemarks

By configuration

[edit]
RocketCountryTypeLaunchesSuccessesFailuresPartial failuresRemarks

By spaceport

[edit]
SiteCountryLaunchesSuccessesFailuresPartial failuresRemarks

By orbit

[edit]
Orbital regimeLaunchesAchievedNot achievedAccidentally
achieved		Remarks
Transatmospheric0000
Low Earth0000
Geosynchronous /transfer0000
Medium Earth0000
High Earth0000
Heliocentric orbit0000Including planetarytransfer orbits

References

[edit]
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    It involves a series of uncrewed Chandrayaan landings between 2027-2037 + the establishment of a communication relay network around Moon, before the first crewed Lunar missions starting in 2038-39, with the first Indians setting foot on the Moon in 2040! 👣
    Check out our graphic below to learn about each of the milestones on this roadmap and their tentative timelines 👇"     (Tweet) – viaTwitter.
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