On June 14, 2025, Minnesota state representativeMelissa Hortman wasassassinated in a shooting at her home inBrooklyn Park, Minnesota, United States. Hortman, the leader of the state House Democratic caucus, was killed alongside her husband, Mark. Earlier that morning, state senatorJohn Hoffman and his wife, Yvette, were shot and seriously injured in their home in nearbyChamplin and hospitalized. Police responding to the attack on the Hoffmans checked on the Hortmans' home, where a man fired at them. The shooter escaped, sparking the most extensivemanhunt in Minnesota history.[3]
The authorities identified 57-year-old Vance Luther Boelter as a suspect and captured him on the evening of June 15 inGreen Isle, Minnesota. He was federally charged with murder, stalking, and firearms offenses. The state charged Boelter with two counts of second-degree murder and two counts of attempted second-degree murder.Hennepin County attorneyMary Moriarty announced her intention to upgrade the charges to first-degree murder before a grand jury.[4]
The two victims were members of theDemocratic Party-affiliatedDFL. Federal charging documents described Boelter as acting with "the intent to kill, injure, harass, and intimidate Minnesota legislators". GovernorTim Walz called the shooting "an act of targetedpolitical violence".[5][6] Inside Boelter's vehicle was a list of nearly 70 people, includingabortion rights advocates, Democratic politicians, and abortion providers.[7][8][9][10]
According to federal prosecutors, Boelter arrived at the Hoffman residence inChamplin shortly before 2 a.m.CDT (UTC−5) on June 14, 2025. He knocked on the door, shouting that he was a police officer. As the Hoffmans opened the door, he asked if they had weapons. John Hoffman shouted "You're not a cop" and attempted to push Boelter out the door; Boelter said "this is a robbery" and repeatedly shot both of them.[11] At 2:06 a.m., police in Champlin responded to an emergency call from the Hoffmans' adult daughter, Hope; they found Hoffman and his wife, Yvette, with gunshot wounds.[12][13] John Hoffman was shot nine times and Yvette eight times.[14] According to Hope, her parents pushed her out of the way to protect her from the shooter, and while she sustained minor injuries when her body slammed into their washing machine, she was not struck by bullets.[15]
According to actingUnited States Attorney for MinnesotaJoseph H. Thompson, Boelter next went to state representativeKristin Bahner's house inMaple Grove, where he rang the doorbell.[16] Bahner, on vacation with her family, was not at home and Boelter left.[11][17] Soon thereafter, he parked near state senatorAnn Rest's residence inNew Hope.[16] New Hope police had heard about the Hoffmans' shooting and dispatched an officer to perform a wellness check on Rest. The officer arrived at Rest's house at 2:36 a.m. and saw Boelter's black SUV parked down the street. Believing him to be a colleague also sent to protect Rest, the officer tried to talk to Boelter, but he did not respond. The officer continued to Rest's house.[4][13] Boelter left New Hope and went to the Hortman residence inBrooklyn Park.[18][19]
According to the federal indictment, Boelter arrived at the Hortman residence at about 3:30 a.m, still impersonating a police officer and wearing a silicone face mask and wig. He knocked on the door and told Mark Hortman, who answered, that he was performing a welfare check, shining a flashlight in Hortman's eyes.[20] Two Brooklyn Park police officers, alerted by their colleagues in Champlin to the shooting, went to check on the Hortmans.[12] They arrived at the Hortman home at 3:35 a.m.[21] and saw what appeared to be a police vehicle in the driveway. Brooklyn Park chief of police Mark Bruley said the vehicle "looked exactly like an SUV squad car".[22]
As the officers arrived at the Hortman residence, they witnessed a person wearing a realisticsilicone mask (an old man disguise), a full police uniform (includingbody armor), a badge, and standard police gear. According to the federal indictment, the attacker (alleged to be Boelter) drew his gun and shot at Mark Hortman and the officers, and they returned fire. The attacker "charged forward" into the house.[13][21] Security camera footage indicated that the attacker then shot Melissa Hortman as she attempted to flee upstairs.[20] The police moved Mark from the threshold of the home and he was pronounced dead shortly thereafter. A drone was then used to enter the residence, where Melissa Hortman's body was found.[12] More officers were called to the scene, surrounding the house, and aSWAT team arrived. The attacker escaped on foot after exchanging gunfire with the police.[23][24] Officers did not enter the house until 4:38 a.m., over an hour later, in a departure from the department's policy on confronting active shooters.[25]
On June 19, Hoffman and his wife released a joint statement about the assassination attempt.[33] On July 15, their daughter, Hope Hoffman, who was present but unharmed during the shootings, also released a statement, saying "my parents saved me".[34] On June 27, Melissa Hortman, her husband Mark, and their dog Gilbert alllay in state at theMinnesota State Capitol. Hortman is the first woman to receive this honor.[35][36] Thousands paid their respects, with the service attended by a number of high-profile Democrats, including former PresidentJoe Biden, former Vice PresidentKamala Harris, and GovernorTim Walz.[37]
In 1996, Boelter left Minnesota and resided inArcadia, Wisconsin.[43] He married his wife in nearbyWinona, Minnesota, on October 4, 1997,[44] and they moved several times during the 2000s. Boelter leftWisconsin in 2002 and resided in the smallEastern Oklahoma town ofMuldrow.[45] In 2005, he left Oklahoma for a brief time in Minnesota before buying a house inSheboygan, Wisconsin.[46] Boelter owned the family's Muldrow home from 2002 to 2007 and the Sheboygan home from 2005 to 2013.[47] In 2020, he purchased property inPierson, Iowa, including a century-old church that had been converted to a home for $20,000. In 2024, he and his wife sold the property for $60,000.[48]
Upon graduating from the Christ For The Nations Institute in 1990, Boelter returned to Minnesota to live with his father inRichmond, Minnesota. Boelter enrolled as a student atSt. Cloud State University and graduated in 1996 with a degree in international relations.[51]
While living in Muldrow in 2002, Boelter served as a supervisor at aGerber Products Company plant inFort Smith, Arkansas. A senior pastor fromSpringdale called Boelter "always very kind, gentle, patient, and gracious with people".[52] In late 2004, Boelter left Gerber for a job atJohnsonville Foods's Sheboygan headquarters.[53] In April 2008, he left Johnsonville and returned to Sleepy Eye. He worked as a production coordinator at Del Monte Foods there until 2011.[54]
Boelter later went back to school and earned a master's degree and then a doctorate in leadership from the now-closedCardinal Stritch University inMilwaukee County, Wisconsin.[55] In July 2011, after leaving Del Monte, Boelter moved toShakopee, Minnesota, where he served as general manager forGreencore until April 2016. That month, he became general manager of a southwestern Minneapolis7-Eleven store until November 2021.[56] Shortly before Boelter bought hisGreen Isle, Minnesota, farmhouse in October 2023, Boelter began mortuary science courses atDes Moines Area Community College.[57] In August 2023, Vance received his last employments at two Minnesota funeral homes, one inSavage and one inSaint Paul, removing bodies from houses and nursing homes for organ donation, jobs he quit in February 2025.[58][59][60]
On social media, Boelter claimed to have military training and a career inprivate security, butNational Public Radio found "no history working in law enforcement, the military or private security".[61] A friend of Boelter's said he made claims about his life that were "fantasy".[61] His company, Praetorian Guard Security Services, was registered with the state to his home address and listed him as director of security patrol, but there is no record the company ever had any clients.[8] The company said it had a fleet of "police type vehicles"—the same SUVs police use.[8] Boelter had security ties to his own former company, Souljer Security, that was registered to a church he owned while living inArcadia, Wisconsin, in the late 1990s.[62] He previously worked as a gas station manager before starting a company called Red Lion Group in theDemocratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).[63] Archives from theWisconsin Department of Financial Institutions show that his company was first established on November 15, 1999, and was dissolved on May 12, 2010.[64] According toForbes, he had financial problems since beginning the business in the DRC.[65] While living in Sheboygan, Boelter and his wife founded anevangelical nonprofit, Revoformation Ministries, and he claimed to have "sought out militant Islamists" in theWest Bank andGaza during theSecond Intifada "to share the gospel and tell them that violence wasn't the answer".[66]
Boelter's appointment as Private Sector Representative by Mark Dayton; 2016
Boelter preached more than once in a church in the DRC,[63] speaking against abortion rights andtransgender people.[66][67] He appeared as a speaker at a 2022 seminar on trade and investment organized by Minnesota Africans United, a nonprofit for African immigrants in Minnesota.[68][69] In 2016, he was appointed to the Governor's Workforce Development Board, a nonpartisan 60-member unpaid advisory board, by then-Governor of MinnesotaMark Dayton. GovernorTim Walz reappointed him to a four-year term in 2019.[70] Matthew Taylor, a senior Christian scholar at the Institute for Islamic, Christian and Jewish Studies, said, "Boelter's views now appear to align with the political 'far right' of Christianity in the United States."[71] Boelter's only prior legal troubles were minor traffic violations.[72]
Federal charging documents described Boelter as acting with "the intent to kill, injure, harass, and intimidate Minnesota legislators".[6] Hisanti-abortion views are a possible motive.[73] Boelter was registered to vote inOklahoma as aRepublican for the2004 United States presidential election, although on a state document in 2019 he wrote that he had "no party preference".[8] A longtimeSleepy Eye, Minnesota, resident who knew Boelter as a fourth-grade student in his childhood town since 1976, told reporters he was stunned to learn that Boelter is a suspect in the attacks. He described Boelter as "a conservative who voted for PresidentDonald Trump and was strongly against abortion rights", and said Boelter was having financial problems and struggling to find work, adding that "he was looking around but immediately gave up and decided to go out in the blaze of glory" and saying that "there was darkness inside of him".[8][74] Boelter's wife told investigators their family "prepared for major or catastrophic incidents" and that, after the shootings, he warned her by text message that "they should prepare for war, they needed to get out of the house and people with guns may be showing up to the house".[75]
An unmarked black fifth-generationFord Explorer equipped with an orange and white LED lightbar was left in the Hortmans' driveway and contained a list of about 70 potential targets,[76] including "abortion providers, pro-abortion rights advocates, and lawmakers in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and other states".[8] Hortman and Hoffman were on the list,[77] as were Walz, U.S. representativesAngie Craig,Ilhan Omar,Rashida Tlaib,Mark Pocan,Gwen Moore,Kelly Morrison, andHillary Scholten,[78][79] U.S. senatorsAmy Klobuchar,[80]Tina Smith, andTammy Baldwin,[81] and Minnesota attorney generalKeith Ellison.[82] On the day of the shooting, Boelter texted friends: "I love you guys. I've made some choices, and you guys don't know anything about this, but I'm going to be gone for a while. I may be dead shortly."[83] The police foundAK-style firearms in his vehicle.[1][22] Also in his car was a stack of flyers for theNo Kings protests to be held on the day of the shooting.[84][85] Police said they believed Boelter may have intended to target the protests, sparking cancellations.[86]
In a letter addressed to the FBI, Boelter claimed that Governor Walz instructed him to kill multiple officials, especially Klobuchar, to allow Walz to run for her Senate seat. The letter was left in a car that Boelter had deserted near his house, along with his confession to shooting the Hortmans and Hoffmans. People with knowledge of the letter who spoke to theStar Tribune described it as rambling, incoherent, and conspiratorial.[87][75]United States Attorney for MinnesotaJoseph H. Thompson called Boelter's accusation a "fantasy" likely intended to excuse his crimes and misdirect the investigation.[88]
Tim Walz at a press conference safety briefing shortly after the shootings
In response to the shooting, the governor's office activated the State Emergency Operations Center.[12] Local authorities and federal law enforcement[89][90] launched the largest manhunt in Minnesota history to find the shooter.[13][53] Ashelter-in-place order was issued inBrooklyn Park.[12] Because the attacker had impersonated a police officer, residents were advised not to open the door to police unless two officers were present.[91] TheFBI offered a $50,000 reward for information leading to his capture.[92][93] Images of Boelter were released showing him wearing a light-colored cowboy hat, dark long-sleeved shirt or jacket, light-colored pants, and dark sneakers.[94]
Federal charging documents indicated that Boelter returned in the early morning to a Minneapolis apartment in which he occasionally lived and then approached a stranger at a bus stop around 7 a.m.[13] The other man, who later reported the interaction to the police, agreed to sell Boelter his e-bike and a second-generationBuick LaCrosse, and the two went to a bank branch for cash to complete the transaction.[13]
After the shootings, Boelter texted his wife and other relatives, "Dad went to war last night" and "I don't want you guys around."[95] Law enforcement fromMille Lacs County detained and interrogated Boelter's wife at 10 a.m. on the day of the shootings. Police, tracking her via her cellphone, pulled her over with several of the couple's children during a traffic stop inOnamia, Minnesota.[96] Law enforcement searched her car and reportedly found a weapon, ammunition, about $10,000 in cash, and passports for herself and the children.[97]
Early on June 15, police found the Buick abandoned on the side of 301st Avenue near theMinnesota State Highway 25 intersection in nearbyHenderson, Minnesota, inSibley County, a few miles from his home inGreen Isle, that was believed to have been used by Boelter, along with some of Boelter's belongings.[13][98] The same day, an area resident captured images of Boelter on atrail camera. Officers set up a square-mile search perimeter deploying drones and police dogs. Boelter was located and tracked as he crawled through thick shrubs near the Mud Lake Waterfowl Production Area of Green Isle. He was arrested that evening in a field near his Green Isle home roughly 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Minneapolis, ending a nearly two-day manhunt involving hundreds of officers and 20 SWAT teams.[13][99]
Hennepin County prosecutors initially charged Boelter with two counts of second-degree murder in the killings of Melissa and Mark Hortman and two counts of attempted second-degree murder related to the shootings of John and Yvette Hoffman.[100] On June 16, Boelter appeared in federal court, viaUnited States District Court for the District of Minnesota, where he was federally charged with two counts of murder with a firearm, two additional counts of firearms offenses, and two counts of stalking.[4] He was taken into federal custody until at least his next court appearance on June 27.[101] At that court appearance, Boelter's bail hearing was delayed to July 3. Boelter was wearing a suicide prevention smock.[35] On July 15, Boelter received six federal grand jury indictments for the murders and shootings.[102][103]
The shootings occurred amid increasing threats and political violence against state and national lawmakers since 2017.[104] The wife of the suspect sent condolences on behalf of herself and her children, saying the family was blindsided and heartbroken over the violence, which she said betrayed their Christian faith and tenets.[37]
At a press conference with law enforcement, Governor Walz described Hortman as "someone who served the people of Minnesota with grace, compassion, humor and a sense of service"[12] and called the shooting "an act of targeted political violence".[5] U.S. senator from MinnesotaAmy Klobuchar, who knew Hortman, said she was "heartbroken and horrified" and that the killing was motivated by opposition toabortion rights.[105][106] She called the shootings an act of targeted political violence and an attack on American democracy.[107]
A "No Kings" protestor at theMinnesota State Capitol with a sign remembering Melissa Hortman
No Kings protests opposing theU.S. Army 250th Anniversary Parade and the policies and actions of thesecond presidency of Donald Trump were planned for that day.[111] A spokesperson for theMinnesota State Patrol asked the public not to attend those protests "out of an abundance of caution".[8] The Minnesota "No Kings" organizers canceled the protests, but thousands later attended a rally inSaint Paul.[112][113] In response to public nervousness over potential attackers impersonating police officers, Minnesota police advised residents that they can call911 for verification before opening a door or window.[114]
PresidentDonald Trump, himself the target oftwo assassination attempts in 2024, said theU.S. Department of Justice and theFBI were investigating the shooting and that "horrific violence will not be tolerated".[115] After initially saying he might call Walz, Trump said on June 17 he had no plans to do so, calling Walz "whacked out" and "a mess".[101][116] U.S. Attorney GeneralPam Bondi said the shootings "will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law".[117][118] FBI deputy directorDan Bongino announced that the "FBI is fully engaged on the ground in Minnesota and is working in collaboration with our local and state partners".[119][120]
Based on Boelter's notebooks, the police and FBI believe he found the victims' addresses throughdata brokerages.[128] Boelter had lists of 11data broker websites, with people'shome addresses and otherpersonal information widely available online. The events have led to more calls to reform U.S.privacy laws.[128] SenatorRon Wyden said, "Every single American's safety is at risk until Congress cracks down on this sleazy industry."[129] After theassassination of Charlie Kirk in September 2025, Trump was criticized for failing to mention the Minnesota shootings during his national address, solely blaming "the radical left" for recent political violence and mentioning no Democratic victims of violence.[130][131] Trump was also criticized for ordering the flag be lowered in honor of Kirk after not doing so for Hortman.[132]
Many prominent right-wing and far-right figures falsely claimed that the suspect, Vance Boelter, was left-wing, a Democrat, and an ally of GovernorTim Walz.[133][134][135]Elon Musk shared tweets saying that "the left" had killed Hortman and tweeted, "The far left is murderously violent."[133] U.S. senatorMike Lee tweeted multiple times that the suspect was a "Marxist" and blamed the assassination on Walz.[133][134]Donald Trump Jr. claimed the suspect "seems to be a leftist" and "was a Democrat".[134][136] U.S. senatorBernie Moreno and U.S. representativeDerrick Van Orden both suggested that the shooter was a far-left extremist.[137][138][139] Large right-wing social media accounts began spreading similar misinformation.[133][134][135] Right-wing commentatorMike Cernovich suggested that Walz had ordered the assassinations, andLaura Loomer called Boelter one of "Walz's goons" and called for Walz to be "detained" and "interrogated" by the FBI.[133][134] YouTuberBenny Johnson claimed the suspect was a "Tim Walz associate".[134] Other posts falsely claimed that a photo of a man at aNo Kings protest in Texas was that of the suspect.[133]
The Guardian called this "the latest example of a right-wing media ecosystem that swiftly spins up narratives that serve their political agendas after tragic events, regardless of accuracy, and does not correct them after further information shows them to be untrue or incomplete".[133] The misinformation was condemned by Minnesota state lawmakers, Republicans and Democrats alike, who said that intensely partisan rhetoric was harmful. Unlike their state legislature counterparts, Minnesota's Republican congressional delegation did not address Lee's comments.[140]
After it became known that the suspect was a Trump voter, unsubstantiated claims that the killings were a "false flag" by the "deep state" and a "psyop" spread on social media.Alex Jones claimed Boelter was a "patsy" who was "being framed". Loomer also suggested that Boelter was not the actual perpetrator.[136]
^"Minnesota Manhunt Continues: Live Updates".Intelligencer.New York Magazine. June 14, 2025. RetrievedJune 15, 2025.Carlson said that the suspect worked at a funeral home, owned firearms and had voted for Donald Trump last year. He was a devout Christian who strongly opposed abortion, but had never mentioned either of the lawmakers who were shot, Carlson said, and had generally avoided talking about politics.
^Minor, Nathaniel (June 18, 2025)."Maple Grove DFLer says gunman stopped at her house too".Minnesota Star Tribune. RetrievedJune 18, 2025.'I do not know why this man was filled with such hatred that he would come to my door,' Rep. Kristin Bahner says.
^Wendling, Mike; Kupemba, Danai Nesta (June 15, 2025)."Minnesota lawmakers Melissa Hortman and John Hoffman targeted by gunman, suspect at large".BBC News.Archived from the original on June 15, 2025. RetrievedJune 15, 2025.Elected officials across the state were put on alert and "No Kings" protests against President Donald Trump were called off after flyers for the demonstrations were found in his car.
^Scully, Rachel (June 15, 2025)."Klobuchar on Minnesota shooter's motivation: There's 'some through line with abortion'".The Hill.ISSN1521-1568.OCLC31153202.Archived from the original on June 15, 2025. RetrievedJune 15, 2025."It was politically motivated, and there clearly was some through line with abortion because of the groups that were on the list, and other things that I've heard were in this manifesto. So that was one of his motivations," she said. Klobuchar noted that investigators are also looking into any possible interaction between the lawmakers and Boelter prior to the shooting.
^Wang, Amy (June 14, 2025)."Manhunt underway for suspect in shooting that killed a Minnesota lawmaker".The Washington Post. RetrievedJune 15, 2025.Former U.S. House speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-California), whose husband was attacked in 2022 in their San Francisco home by someone who had embraced right-wing conspiracy theories, said Saturday that the shootings of four Minnesota lawmakers were 'a shocking and abhorrent manifestation of political violence in our country.'
^Itkowitz, Colby (June 14, 2025)."Manhunt underway for suspect in shooting that killed a Minnesota lawmaker".The Washington Post. RetrievedJune 14, 2025.Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro (D), who two months ago was the target of a firebombing at his home and an attempt on his life, said in a statement he was pained by the news of the violence in Minnesota.
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Media related to2025 shootings of Minnesota legislators at Wikimedia Commons
