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Map of upper house elections: Democrats retained control Special elections held | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Map of lower house elections: Democrats retained control Republicans gained control Special elections held | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
The2021 United States state legislative elections were held on November 2, 2021. Three legislative chambers in two states,New Jersey andVirginia, held regularly scheduled elections. Theseoff-year elections coincided with otherstate and local elections, includinggubernatorial elections in both states.
As a result of the elections,New Jersey retained its Democratic trifecta, while a divided government was established inVirginia, as Republicans won back the lower house of the Virginia legislature, which they lost two years earlier.
Regularly scheduled elections were held in 3 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections were held for 220 of the 7,383 legislative seats. This table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.
| State | Upper House | Lower House | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats up | Total | % up | Term | Seats up | Total | % up | Term | |
| New Jersey | 40 | 40 | 100 | 2 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 2 |
| Virginia | 0 | 40 | 0 | 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 2 |
Most election predictors use:
| State | PVI[1] | Chamber | Last election | Sabato Oct. 18, 2021[2] | Elections Daily Nov. 1, 2021[3][4] | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey | D+6 | Senate | D 25-15 | Safe D | Safe D | D 24-16 |
| General Assembly | D 52-28 | Safe D | Safe D | D 46-34 | ||
| Virginia | D+2 | |||||
| House of Delegates | D 55-45 | Tilt D | Tossup | R 52-48 |
All seats of theNew Jersey Senate and theNew Jersey General Assembly were up for election. In 2021, senators were elected to two-year terms in single-member districts, while Assembly members were elected to two-year terms in two-member districts.[5] Democrats retained majority control in both chambers.

| Party | Leader | Before | After | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Stephen Sweeney | 25 | 24 | ||
| Republican | Thomas Kean Jr. (retiring) | 15 | 16 | ||
| Total | 40 | 40 | |||
| Party | Leader | Before | After | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Craig Coughlin | 52 | 46 | ||
| Republican | Jon Bramnick (retiring) | 28 | 34 | ||
| Total | 80 | 80 | |||
All seats of theVirginia House of Delegates are up for election; theVirginia Senate will not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2021. Delegates are elected to two-year terms in single-member districts. Democrats recently gained control of the House in2019.[6] However, they lost their majority to the Republicans in this election.

| Party | Leader | Before | After | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Todd Gilbert | 45 | 52 | ||
| Democratic | Eileen Filler-Corn | 55 | 48 | ||
| Total | 100 | 100 | |||
Various states held special elections for legislative districts throughout the year. Neither party made net gains, with Democrats picking up 3 seats in theMassachusetts House of Representatives,New Hampshire House of Representatives, andMaine House of Representatives, while Republicans picked up 3 seats in theConnecticut State Senate,Iowa House of Representatives, andTexas House of Representatives.[7]
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | 33 | Ronald Johnson | Republican | 1978 | Incumbent died July 14, 2020, of liver cancer.[8] New member electedJanuary 19, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| Senate | 26 | David Burkette | Democratic | 2018 (special) | Incumbent resigned September 1, 2020, for private reasons.[10] New member electedMarch 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| Senate | 14 | Cam Ward | Republican | 2010 | Incumbent resigned December 7, 2020, to become theDirector of the Alabama Board of Pardons and Paroles.[12] New member electedJuly 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 73 | Matt Fridy | Republican | 2014 | Incumbent resigned January 18, 2021, to join theAlabama Court of Civil Appeals.[14] New member electedJuly 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 78 | Kirk Hatcher | Democratic | 2018 | Incumbent resigned March 3, 2021, to join the Alabama Senate.[15][16] New memberelectedSeptember 7, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 30 | Holly Mitchell | Democratic | 2013 (special) | Incumbent resigned December 6, 2020, to join theLos Angeles County Board of Supervisors.[18] New memberelectedMarch 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| Assembly | 79 | Shirley Weber | Democratic | 2012 | Incumbent resigned January 29, 2021, to becomeSecretary of State of California.[20] New memberelectedApril 6, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| Assembly | 54 | Sydney Kamlager | Democratic | 2018 (special) | Incumbent resigned March 11, 2021, to join the State Senate.[22] New memberelectedMay 18, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| Assembly | 18 | Rob Bonta | Democratic | 2012 | Incumbent resigned April 22, 2021, to becomeAttorney General of California.[24] General election held June 29. New member elected in runoffAugust 31, 2021. Democratic hold. | |
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 27 | Carlo Leone | Democratic | 2011 (special) | Incumbent resigned January 5, 2021, to becomeSenior ConnDOT advisor.[26] New member electedMarch 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 112 | J.P. Sredzinski | Republican | 2014 | Incumbent resigned February 17, 2021, for private reasons.[28] New member electedApril 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 145 | Patricia Miller | Democratic | 2008 | Incumbent resigned March 8, 2021, to join the State Senate. New member electedApril 27, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| Senate | 36 | Alexandra Kasser | Democratic | 2018 | Incumbent resigned June 22, 2021, due to divorce proceedings.[31] New member electedAugust 17, 2021. Republicangain. |
|
| House | 116 | Michael DiMassa | Democratic | 2016 | Incumbent resigned October 25, 2021, after being arrested forwire fraud.[32] New member electedDecember 14, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | 90 | Pam Stephenson | Democratic | 2004 | Incumbent resigned September 10, 2020, due to dementia.[33] New member electedMarch 9, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 34 | Bert Reeves | Republican | 2014 | Incumbent resigned April 30, 2021, to become vice-president of university relations atGeorgia Institute of Technology.[35] General election held June 15. New member elected in runoffJuly 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 156 | Greg Morris | Republican | 1998 | Incumbent resigned April 13, 2021, to join theGeorgia Department of Transportation.[37] General election held June 15. New member elected in runoffJuly 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 165 | Mickey Stephens | Democratic | 2008 | Incumbent died August 14, 2021, of illness.[39] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 41 | Mariannette Miller-Meeks | Republican | 2018 | Incumbent resigned January 2, 2021, to become aU.S. Representative.[40] New member electedJanuary 26, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 37 | John Landon | Republican | 2012 | Incumbent died July 29, 2021, of cancer.[42][43] New member electedSeptember 14, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 29 | Wes Breckenridge | Democratic | 2016 | Incumbent resigned September 10, 2021, to take a job with the Iowa Law Enforcement Academy.[45] New member electedOctober 12, 2021.[46] Republicangain. |
|
| Senate | 1 | Zach Whiting | Republican | 2018 | Incumbent resigned October 30, 2021, to take a job with theTexas Public Policy Foundation.[48] New member electedDecember 14, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 22 | Tom Buford | Republican | 1990 | Incumbent died July 6, 2021, of cancer.[49] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 51 | John "Bam" Carney | Republican | 2008 | Incumbent died July 17, 2021, of pancreatitis.[50] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 89 | Robert Goforth | Republican | 2018 (special) | Incumbent resigned August 24, 2021, due to domestic assault proceedings.[51] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | 82 | Charles Henry | Republican | 2019 | Incumbent resigned January 12, 2021, for private reasons.[52] New member electedApril 24, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| Senate | 7 | Troy Carter | Democratic | 2015 | Incumbent resigned May 10, 2021, to become aU.S. Representative.[54] New member electedJune 12, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 102 | Gary Carter Jr. | Democratic | 2015 | Incumbent resigned July 2, 2021, to join the State Senate.[56] New member electedNovember 13, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 16 | Frederick D. Jones | Democratic | 2019 | Incumbent resigned July 16, 2021, to become aFourth Judicial District Court judge.[57] New member electedNovember 13, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| Senate | 27 | Ronnie Johns | Republican | 2011 | Incumbent resigned July 23, 2021, to become chairman of the Louisiana State Gaming Control Board.[58] New member electedNovember 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 14 | Shenna Bellows | Democratic | 2016 | Incumbent resigned December 2, 2020, to becomeSecretary of State of Maine.[59] New member electedMarch 9, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 86 | Justin Fecteau | Republican | 2018 | Incumbent resigned July 4, 2021, to take a teaching job outside his district.[61] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Democraticgain. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | Suffolk 19 | Robert DeLeo | Democratic | 1990 | Incumbent resigned December 29, 2020, to work atNortheastern University.[62] New member electedMarch 30, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | Essex 4 | Bradford Hill | Republican | 1998 | Incumbent resigned September 15, 2021, to become a commissioner with the Massachusetts Gaming Commission.[64] New member electedNovember 30, 2021. Democraticgain. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 8 | Peter Lucido | Republican | 2018 | Incumbent resigned December 31, 2020, to becomeMacomb County Prosecutor.[66] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| Senate | 28 | Peter MacGregor | Republican | 2014 | Incumbent resigned December 31, 2020, to becomeKent County Treasurer.[67] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 32 | Sampson Jackson | Democratic | 1991 | Incumbent resigned June 30, 2021, for private reasons.[68] General election heldNovember 2, 2021 New member elected in runoffNovember 23. Democratic hold. |
|
| Senate | 38 | Tammy Witherspoon | Democratic | 2015 | Incumbent resigned June 30, 2021, to become mayor ofMagnolia.[68] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 29 | Abe Marshall Hudson Jr. | Democratic | 2016 (special) | Incumbent resigned August 30, 2021, for private reasons.[70] New member elected outright after theNovember 2, 2021, general election was cancelled. Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | 45 | Kip Kendrick | Democratic | 2014 | Incumbent resigned January 6, 2021, to becomeSenatorGreg Razer's chief of staff.[72] New member electedApril 6, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | Hillsborough 21 | Dick Hinch | Republican | 2008 | Incumbent died December 9, 2020, ofCOVID-19.[74] New member electedApril 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | Merrimack 23 | Samantha Fox | Democratic | 2018 | Incumbent resigned January 12, 2021, to take a job outside her district.[76] New member electedJune 8, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | Hillsborough 7 | David Danielson | Republican | 2012 | Incumbent died May 22, 2021, of cancer.[77] New member electedSeptember 7, 2021. Democraticgain. |
|
| House | Cheshire 9 | Douglas Ley | Democratic | 2012 | Incumbent died June 10, 2021, of cancer.[78] New member electedOctober 26, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | Rockingham 6 | Anne Copp | Republican | 2020 | Incumbent resigned August 5, 2021, after moving out of her district.[79] New member electedDecember 7, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 30 | Brian Benjamin | Democratic | 2017 (special) | Incumbent resigned September 7, 2021, to becomeLieutenant Governor of New York.[80] New member electedNovember 2, 2021.[81] Democratic hold. |
|
| Assembly | 86 | Victor M. Pichardo | Democratic | 2013 (special) | Incumbent resigned September 10, 2021, for private reasons.[82] New member electedNovember 2, 2021.[83] Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 22 | Stephanie Bice | Republican | 2014 | Incumbent resigned December 31, 2020, to become aU.S. Representative.[85] New member electedApril 6, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | 59 | Mike Reese | Republican | 2008 | Incumbent died January 2, 2021, of a brain aneurysm.[87] New memberelectedMay 18, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| Senate | 48 | Dave Arnold | Republican | 2020 (special) | Incumbent died January 17, 2021, of brain cancer.[89] New memberelectedMay 18, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| Senate | 22 | John Blake | Democratic | 2010 | Incumbent resigned February 15, 2021, to take a position under U.S. Rep.Matt Cartwright.[91] New memberelectedMay 18, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 60 | Jeff Pyle | Republican | 2004 | Incumbent resigned March 16, 2021, for health reasons.[93] New memberelectedMay 18, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 113 | Martin Flynn | Democratic | 2012 | Incumbent resigned June 9, 2021, to join the State Senate.[95] New memberelectedNovember 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 164 | Margo L. Davidson | Democratic | 2010 | Incumbent resigned July 22, 2021, after being arrested for campaign finance violations.[96] New memberelectedNovember 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Senator | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 3 | Gayle Goldin | Democratic | 2012 | Incumbent resigned August 17, 2021, to join theUnited States Department of Labor under theBiden administration.[97] New member electedNovember 2, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | 29 | Mike Carter | Republican | 2012 | Incumbent died May 15, 2021, of pancreatic cancer.[98] New member electedSeptember 14, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| House | 68 | Drew Springer | Republican | 2012 | Incumbent resigned January 6, 2021, to join theTexas Senate.[100] New member electedFebruary 23, 2021. Republican hold.[101] |
|
| House | 10 | Jake Ellzey | Republican | 2020 | Incumbent resigned July 30, 2021, to become aU.S. Representative.[103] General election held August 31. New member elected in runoffSeptember 28, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| House | 118 | Leo Pacheco | Democratic | 2018 | Incumbent resigned August 19, 2021, to teach public administration atSan Antonio College.[105] General election held September 28.[104] New member elected in runoffNovember 2, 2021.[106] Republicangain |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[108] |
| House | 90 | Joseph Lindsey | Democratic | 2014 (special) | Incumbent resigned November 15, 2020, to become aFourth Judicial District judge.[109] New member electedJanuary 5, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| House | 2 | Jennifer Carroll Foy | Democratic | 2017 | Incumbent resigned December 12, 2020, to focus on hercampaign for governor of Virginia.[111] New member electedJanuary 5, 2021. Democratic hold. |
|
| Senate | 38 | Ben Chafin | Republican | 2014 (special) | Incumbent died January 1, 2021, ofCOVID-19.[113] New member electedMarch 23, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chamber | No. | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Senate | 13 | Scott L. Fitzgerald | Republican | 1994 | Incumbent resigned January 1, 2021, to become aU.S. Representative.[115] New member electedApril 6, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| Assembly | 89 | John Nygren | Republican | 2006 | Incumbent resigned December 2, 2020, to become executive director of the Wisconsin Association of Health Plans.[117] New member electedApril 6, 2021. Republican hold. |
|
| Assembly | 37 | John Jagler | Republican | 2012 | Incumbent resigned April 23, 2021, to join the State Senate.[118] New member electedJuly 13, 2021. Republican hold. |
|