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List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun

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(Redirected from2020 BE102)

Positions of known outer Solar System objects
  Sun
  Jupiter trojans (6,178)
  Scattered disc (>300)  Giant planets:J · S · U · N
  Centaurs (44,000)
  Kuiper belt (>1,000)
(scale inAU;epoch as of January 2026; # of objects in parentheses)

TheseSolar System minor planets are the furthest from theSun as of January 2026[update]. The objects have been categorized by their approximate distance from the Sun on that date, and not by the calculatedaphelion of their orbit. The list changes over time because the objects are moving in their orbits. Some objects are inbound and some are outbound. It would be difficult to detect long-distance comets if it were not for theircomas, which become visible when heated by the Sun. Distances are measured inastronomical units (AU, Sun–Earth distances). The distances are not the minimum (perihelion) or the maximum (aphelion) that may be achieved by these objects in the future.

This list does not includenear-parabolic comets of which many are known to be currently more than 100 AU (15 billion km) from the Sun, but are currently too far away to be observed by telescope.Trans-Neptunian objects are typically announced publicly months or years after their discovery, so as to make sure the orbit is correct before announcing it. Due to their greater distance from the Sun and slow movement across the sky, trans-Neptunian objects withobservation arcs less than several years often have poorly constrained orbits. Particularly distant objects take several years of observations to establish a crude orbit solution before being announced. For instance, the most distant known trans-Neptunian object2018 AG37 was discovered byScott Sheppard in January 2018 but was announced three years later in February 2021.[1]

Notable objects

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One particularly distant body is90377 Sedna, which was discovered in November 2003. It has an extremely eccentric orbit that takes it to an aphelion of 937 AU.[2] It takes over 10,000 years to orbit, and during the next 50 years it will slowly move closer to the Sun as it comes toperihelion at a distance of 76 AU from the Sun.[3] Sedna is the largest knownsednoid, a class of objects that play an important role in thePlanet Nine hypothesis. The discovery of2017 OF201 challenges the existence of the hypothetical Planet Nine as its orbit is anti-aligned to the calculated orbit of Planet Nine. It is suggested that the hypothetical planet would have ejected2017 OF201 from its present-day orbit over times scales of less than 100 million years, though it could be in a temporary orbit.[4][5]

Pluto (30–49 AU, about 34 AU in 2015) was the first Kuiper belt object to be discovered (1930) and is the largest knowndwarf planet.

The orbits of the extreme trans-Neptunian objects are shown in various colors, with Planet Nine's orbit shown in bright green. Most of the orbits are aligned to the right of Planet Nine.
Six original andeight additional ETNO objects orbits with their positions near their perihelion in purple, with hypothetical Planet Nine orbit in green

Gallery

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Known distant objects

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This is a list of known objects at heliocentric distances of more than 80 AU. In theory, theOort cloud could extend over 120,000 AU (2 ly) from the Sun.

Most distant observable objects in theSolar System (distances in January 2026)[6]
Object nameDistance from the Sun (AU)[7]Radial velocity
(AU/yr)[a][7]
PerihelionAphelionSemimajor
axis
Apparent
magnitude
Absolute
magnitude
(H)
Discovery date[7]Refs
January 2026At discovery date
Great Comet of 1680
(for comparison)
262.21.16+0.470.0068894441680-11-14[8]
Voyager 1
(for comparison)
169.2+3.568.79
Hyperbolic
−3.22[9]
Voyager 2
(for comparison)
141.7+3.1721.3
Hyperbolic
−4.03[10]
Pioneer 10
(for comparison)
140.1+2.505.06
Hyperbolic
–6.94[11]
2018 AG37[b]132.4132.6+0.0327.1145.086.025.44.22018-01-15[12]
2018 VG18123.9123.4+0.0537.8123.981.324.63.72018-11-10[13]
Heliopause
(for comparison)
~120[14]
Pioneer 11
(for comparison)
116.2+2.339.35
Hyperbolic
–8.14[15]
2020 BE102[b]110.3111.2–0.1532.9116.974.925.65.12020-01-24[16]
2020 FY3098.499.2−0.1335.6107.771.624.84.72020-03-24[17]
2020 FA3198.097.1+0.1539.5102.471.025.45.42020-03-24[18]
Eris
136199
95.597.0−0.0938.397.567.918.8−1.22003-10-21[19]
2020 FQ4092.292.5−0.0538.293.165.625.76.12020-03-24[20]
2015 TH36792.088.2+0.3628.9136.482.626.36.62015-10-13[21]
2017 OF20191.085.6+0.6344.9163084022.83.52017-07-23[22]
2021 DR1590.289.4+0.1637.896.567.223.13.62021-02-17[23]
Gonggong
225088
89.785.4+0.2133.7101.267.521.51.62007-07-17[24]
2014 UZ22487.492.5−0.4638.3177.0107.623.23.42014-10-21[25]
2015 FG41586.688.0−0.1536.292.164.125.56.02015-03-17[26]
2014 FC6986.783.7+0.2540.4104.472.424.24.62014-03-25[27]
2006 QH18185.182.9+0.1837.596.767.123.74.32006-08-21[28]
Sedna
90377
83.089.6−0.2676.2937484.421.01.32003-11-14[29]
2015 VO16685.782.5+0.3038.3113.275.825.55.92015-11-06[30]
2012 VP11385.082.9+0.1880.4462271.223.34.02012-11-05[31]
2017 SN13284.881.2+0.4342.0110.076.025.25.82017-09-16[32]
2015 TJ36781.377.0+0.4133.6128.481.025.86.72015-10-13[33]
2013 FS2880.887.9−0.5634.2358.2196.224.34.92013-03-16[34]
2021 DP1580.279.40.1636.286.161.124.95.92021-02-16[35]
2015 UH8780.282.4−0.2234.390.062.225.26.02015-10-16[36]
1I/ʻOumuamua
(for comparison)
50.41.21+5.700.256
Hyperbolic
–1.273922.12017-10-19[37]
This table includes all observable objects located at least 80 AU from theSun on 1 January 2026.[6]


  1. ^AU/yr indicates whether the object is moving inwards or outwards in its orbit, and the rate at which it does so.
  2. ^abDistance and orbital elements are crudely estimated based on a shortobservation arc.

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^"MPEC 2021-C187 : 2018 AG37".Minor Planet Electronic Circular. Minor Planet Center. 10 February 2021. Retrieved10 February 2021.
  2. ^Horizons output."Barycentric Osculating Orbital Elements for 90377 Sedna (2003 VB12)". Retrieved18 September 2021. (Solution using the Solar Systembarycenter. Select Ephemeris Type:Elements and Center:@0) (Saved Horizons output file 2011-Feb-04"Barycentric Osculating Orbital Elements for 90377 Sedna". Archived fromthe original on 19 November 2012.) In the second pane "PR=" can be found, which gives the orbital period in days (4.160E+06, which is 11,390Julian years).
  3. ^Most Distant Object In Solar System Discovered; NASA.gov; (2004)
  4. ^Cheng, Sihao; Li, Jiaxuan; Yang, Eritas (2025). "Discovery of a dwarf planet candidate in an extremely wide orbit: 2017 OF201".arXiv:2505.15806 [astro-ph.EP].
  5. ^"An Extreme Cousin for Pluto? Possible Dwarf Planet Discovered at Solar System's Edge".www.ias.edu (Press release). Institute for Advanced Study. 20 May 2025. Retrieved23 May 2025.
  6. ^ab"AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site". Retrieved6 July 2025.Objects with distance from Sun over 80 AU
  7. ^abcJPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System."JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris". Retrieved6 July 2025.
    Ephemeris Type: Vector; Observer Location: @sun; Time Span: Start=2015-12-01, Stop=2026-01-01, Intervals=1; Table Settings: quantities code=6
  8. ^"JPL Small-Body Database Lookup: C/1680 V1".Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  9. ^"JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris for Voyager 1 at epoch 2026-01-01".JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025. Solution using the Solar SystemBarycenter. Ephemeris Type: Elements and Center: @0)
  10. ^"JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris for Voyager 2 at epoch 2026-01-01".JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025. Solution using the Solar SystemBarycenter. Ephemeris Type: Elements and Center: @0)
  11. ^"JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris for Voyager 2 at epoch 2026-01-01".JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025. Solution using the Solar SystemBarycenter. Ephemeris Type: Elements and Center: @0)
  12. ^"2018 AG37". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  13. ^"2018 VG18". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  14. ^Stone, E. C.; Cummings, A. C.; Heikkila, B.C.; Lal, Nand (2019). "Cosmic ray measurements from Voyager 2 as it crossed into interstellar space".Nature Astronomy.3 (11):1013–1018.Bibcode:2019NatAs...3.1013S.doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0928-3.S2CID 209962964.
  15. ^"JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris for Voyager 2 at epoch 2026-01-01".JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025. Solution using the Solar SystemBarycenter. Ephemeris Type: Elements and Center: @0)
  16. ^"2020 BE102". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  17. ^"2020 FY30". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  18. ^"2020 FA31". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  19. ^"JPL Small-Body Database Lookup: 136199 Eris (2003 UB313)".Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  20. ^"2020 FQ40". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  21. ^"2015 TH367". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  22. ^"2017 OF201". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  23. ^"2021 DR15". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  24. ^"JPL Small-Body Database Lookup: 225088 Gonggong (2007 OR10)".Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  25. ^"2014 UZ224". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  26. ^"2015 FG415". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  27. ^"2014 FC69". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  28. ^"2006 QH181". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  29. ^"JPL Small-Body Database Lookup: 90377 Sedna (2003 VB12)".Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  30. ^"2015 VO166". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  31. ^"2012 VP113". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  32. ^"2017 SN132". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  33. ^"2015 TJ367". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved18 October 2025.
  34. ^"2013 FS28". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  35. ^"2021 DP15". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  36. ^"2015 UH87". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved6 July 2025.
  37. ^"JPL Small-Body Database Lookup: 'Oumuamua (A/2017 U1)".Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved6 July 2025.
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