 Map of systems formed in this season. | |
| First storm formed | 2 October 2019 (2019-10-02) |
|---|---|
| Last storm dissipated | 26 September 2020 (2020-09-26) |
| Strongest storm1 | Dennis 920 mbar (27.2 inHg) |
| Strongest wind gust | Dennis 230 km/h (140 mph) |
| Total storms | 24 |
| Total damage | £895 million (€1.06 billion) |
| Total fatalities | 78 (+12 missing) |
| 1Strongest storm is determined by lowest pressure and maximum recorded non-mountainous wind gust is also included for reference. 2020–21 → | |
The2019–20 European windstorm season was the fifth instance of seasonalEuropean windstorm naming in Europe. This is the first season in which theNetherlands meteorological authority took part, joining those ofIreland and theUnited Kingdom. It comprised a year from 1 September to 31 August, however names were announced six days into that year.[1][2] The Portuguese, Spanish and French meteorological agencies again collaborated too, joined by the Belgian meteorological agency.
In 2015, theMet Office andMet Éireann conducted or promoted the "Name our Storms" project for wind storms, going to the public for the suggestions. The meteorological offices produced a full list of names for 2015–16 through to 2017–18, common to both the UK and Ireland, with theNetherlands taking part from 2019 onwards. Names in the United Kingdom will be invoked under theNational Severe Weather Warning system when a storm is forecast to merit an Amber ('be prepared') or Red ('take action (danger to life)') warning.
There are two main naming lists: one created by the national meteorological agencies of theUnited Kingdom,Ireland and theNetherlands, and another created by the equivalent agencies fromFrance,Spain,Portugal andBelgium. Additionally, formerAtlantic hurricanes will retain their names as assigned by theNational Hurricane Center of theUnited States.[3]
The following names have been selected for the 2019–2020 season:[4][5]
|
|
This will be the third year in which the meteorological agencies of France, Spain and Portugal will be naming storms which affect their areas. This naming scheme is partially overlapping with that used by the United Kingdom, Ireland and the Netherlands, as storms named by the other group of agencies will be used reciprocally.[6][7]
The following names have been selected for the 2019–2020 season:[8]
|
|
|
Two formerAtlantic systems (One of them being a hurricane and the other being a tropical storm) transitioned into aEuropean windstorm and retained its name as assigned by theNational Hurricane Center inMiami,Florida:
|
Besides these naming systems, theFree University of Berlin also names high and low pressure areas through its"Adopt a vortex" programme. The Nordic nations of Denmark, Norway and Sweden also name storms with more limited reciprocation.[9] Other nations may also name storms either through their national meteorological institutions or popularly.
The first system of the season wasStorm Lorenzo, when Met Éireann issued yellow wind warnings forIreland and an orange warning for the western coastal counties.[10] The storm consisted of the remnants ofHurricane Lorenzo, which hadturned extratropical.[11] The next named system wasAmélie, named byMétéo-France on 1 November.[12][13]Storm Bernardo was named next, by the Spanish meteorological agency,AEMET. This system primarily affected theBalearic Islands.[14]Cecilia was named next by AEMET, when the agency warned of rain and wind on theIberian Peninsula and theBalearic Islands.[15]
On 6 December, the Irish meteorological agency namedAtiyah, the first system to receive its name from the Irish, British and Dutch storm naming list.[16] After Atiyah passed, stormsDaniel,Elsa andFabien were named in quick succession on 15, 16 and 18 December, respectively.[8][17] StormsBrendan andGloria were next to be named by Met Éireann and AEMET, respectively, after a quiet start to January 2020.Hervé was named by Météo-France on 3 February, after the agency expected wind gusts of up to 140 km/h (87 mph; 76 kn) at Corsica's coast.[18] A few days later, on 5 February,Ciara was named by Met Office, warning of heavy rain and gales throughout the United Kingdom.[19]
Following Ciara,Dennis was named by the Met Office on 11 February 2020. The agency warned of heavy rain and gales across the United Kingdom.[20] A day later,Inès was named by the French meteorological agency. The agency warned of wind speeds up to 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn) in the northern part of France on 13 February.[21][22] The Spanish meteorological agency namedJorge next, warning of seas 4 to 5 m (13 to 16 ft) high on 29 February through 2 March and snow around 1,000 m (3,300 ft).[23] Following Jorge,Karine,Leon,Myriam andNorberto were named in quick succession, on 29 February, 1, 3 and 5 March, respectively. Karine was named byAEMET, while Leon, Myriam and Norberto were named byMétéo-France.[8]
| Storm Lorenzo | |
|---|---|
 Storm Lorenzo after passing through theAzores on 2 October | |
 | |
| Area affected | Azores,Ireland,United Kingdom |
| Date of impact | 2 October – 7 October |
| Maximum wind gust | 107 km/h (66 mph; 58 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 966 mbar (28.5 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 20 |
| Power outages | 20,000 |
| Damage | £285 million (€340 million) |
TheNational Hurricane Center inMiami,Florida began monitoring atropical wave emerging from thewest coast of Africa on 19 September, which subsequently developed into Hurricane Lorenzo by 25 September. The system continued to intensify, ultimately becoming the easternmostCategory 5 hurricane on record in the Atlantic Ocean. On 26 September, theInstituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA) began issuing advisories for Hurricane Lorenzo.[24] TheNational Hurricane Center issued hurricane and tropical storm watches on 30 September for theAzores,[25] which were later upgraded to warnings.[26]
Lorenzo began undergoingextratropical transition on 2 October, while passing over the Azores a few hours before the National Hurricane Center issued their 09:00 UTC advisory.[27] The subsequent (and final) advisory stated that Lorenzo had become a post-tropical cyclone,[11] which was subsequently named Storm Lorenzo byMet Éireann[10] as they issued a yellow warning of wind for the entirety ofIreland, as well as an orange warning for the western coastal counties.[28][10] TheMet Office issued yellow wind warnings forNorthern Ireland,Cornwall and parts ofDevon andsouth-west Wales.[10]
On 3 October, the M6 Buoy, located about 400 km (250 mi) west ofMace Head,County Galway, recorded a pressure of 969 mbar (28.6 inHg) near Lorenzo's centre.[29] The same buoy also recorded a maximum wave height of 12.5 m (41 ft).[30] On 4 October, while the storm was passing across Ireland, new weather warnings were issued for the counties ofClare,Galway,Longford,Mayo,Roscommon andWestmeath.[31] The highest recorded wind gust was 107 km/h (66 mph), with the highest 10-minute mean at 87 km/h (54 mph), both recorded at Mace Head.[32]
Storm Lorenzo continued to weaken as it moved away from Ireland into theIrish Sea, with the United States-basedOcean Prediction Center ceasing to monitor Lorenzo on 4 October after it crossed theUnited Kingdom.[33] Now little more than a weak frontal zone, Storm Lorenzo made landfall in northernGermany on 5 October,[34] subsequently moving over eastern Europe the following day[35] before dissipating on 7 October while moving intoRussia.[36]
Power was cut to almost 20,000 homes in Ireland at the height of the storm, with flooding occurring throughout the country.[37] TheRiver Eske partially floodedDonegal as result of nearly 50 mm (2.0 in) of rain falling as high tide was approaching. The amount of damage country-wide, however, was less than anticipated.[38] The storm's only known fatality while it was extratropical occurred when a tree fell on a person inStafford.[39] However, Lorenzo had been responsible for nineteen further fatalities, including seven crew members of the capsized French cargo shipBourbon Rhode who were never found.[40] During its combined lifespan as a major hurricane and a European windstorm, Lorenzo caused at least £285 million (€340 million) in damage.[41]
| Storm Amélie | |
|---|---|
 Amélie over the Atlantic Ocean, 2 November | |
 Track and intensity of Storm Amélie at six-hour intervals according to theOPC | |
| Area affected | France,Spain,Italy |
| Date of impact | 31 October – 9 November |
| Maximum wind gust | 189 km/h (117 mph; 102 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 972 mbar (28.7 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 1 |
| Power outages | 140,000 |
| Damage | £110 million (€120 million) |
The low-pressure system that would later become Amélie was first noted on 31 October betweenCanada andGreenland over theLabrador Sea.[42] After emerging into the open Atlantic, the system was named Storm Amélie byMétéo-France[13] on 1 November.[12] The French meteorological agency expected wind gusts up to and possibly surpassing 160 km/h (99 mph; 86 kn) locally at the western coast at the time of naming the storm.[43][44]
Storm Amélie underwentexplosive cyclogenesis on 2 November while located over the open north Atlantic,[45] reaching a minimum central pressure of 972 mbar (28.7 inHg).[46] Amélie subsequently made landfall onBrittany's Atlantic coast in the early hours of 3 November, bringing wind gusts of to 163 km/h (101 mph; 88 kn) atCap Ferret. Amélie also brought wind gusts up to 170 km/h (110 mph; 92 kn) along the northern coast of Spain, including a record-setting 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn) gust forSantander Airport.[47] The highest wind gust recorded from Amélie was atCagnano inHaute-Corse onCorsica, reaching 189 km/h (117 mph; 102 kn).[47]
Besides causing numerous fallen trees and power outages for 140,000 properties,[48] Amélie also triggered a landslide inNice in the south of France, resulting in the only known fatality from the storm.[49] TheSNCF temporarily closed aTGV line betweenHendaye andBordeaux due to debris on the tracks, causing some 2,000 passengers to be stranded for up to 15 hours.[50] Damage from Amélie across France, Italy and Spain totalled more than £110 million (€120 million).[41]
After the centre of Amélie moved inland over northern France, it gradually tracked eastwards and then north-eastwards.[47] Amélie passed over Belgium and the Netherlands on 3 November and then over Germany on 4 November, while steadily weakening.[51][52] After crossingPoland on 5 November as a weak frontal boundary,[53] Amélie stalled over theBaltic states on 6 November,[54] before being absorbed by an approachingwarm front overEstonia on 9 November.[55]
| Storm Bernardo | |
|---|---|
 Bernardo just offshore ofAlgeria on 11 November | |
 Track and intensity of Storm Bernardo at six-hour intervals according to theMet Office | |
| Area affected | Spain,Algeria,Italy |
| Date of impact | 7 November – 18 November |
| Maximum wind gust | 111 km/h (69 mph; 60 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 996 mbar (29.4 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 1 |
| Damage | Minimal |
The precursor to Storm Bernardo was first noted as a deep low over north-easternCanada on 7 November.[56] After considerably weakening and crossing the Atlantic without any notable impacts, the system was namedBernardo by theState Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET) on 9 November as it was approaching theIberian Peninsula from theBay of Biscay.[14] Bernardo crossed northern Spain and emerged into theMediterranean Sea, affecting theBalearic Islands on 10 November with wind gusts of up to 111 km/h (69 mph; 60 kn) recorded in theAlfabia Mountains along the north-west coast ofMallorca.[57] On 11 November, Bernardo strengthened to its peak intensity of 996 mbar (29.4 inHg)[58] and formed aneye-like feature, leading several media outlets to report that the storm hadmedicane-like characteristics.[59] However, AEMET did not confirm that the storm had reached medicane status.[57]
After losing its brief eye-like feature, Bernardo followed the coast ofAlgeria, remaining closely offshore as it moved eastwards across the Mediterranean before stalling over southern Italy for two days.[60][61][62] Bernardo then accelerated to the north-east as a weak frontal boundary, moving over theBaltic states on 14 November[63] and into northernRussia on 15 November.[64] After briefly reintensifying and then weakening once more, Bernardo was last noted as a weak low overSiberia on 18 November.[65]
When first issuing warnings for Storm Bernardo, AEMET expected wave heights of up to 6 m (20 ft) around theBalearic Islands and along the coast of several Spanish provinces bordering theBay of Biscay. They also forecasted precipitation up to 20 cm (7.9 in) in the form of snow over theCantabrian Mountains above 1,000 m (3,300 ft), and rainfall up to 50 mm (2.0 in) within 12 hours in the provinces ofCantabria,Navarra,Basque Country andAsturias. In Asturias, the regional meteorological agency warned of the risk ofavalanches due to snow accumulation.[66] Wind gusts were forecasted to reach up to 110 km/h (68 mph; 59 kn).[67] However, impacts from Bernardo were ultimately minimal. A fallen tree in Mallorca caused the only known fatality from the storm, and little damage was reported along its track.[68]
| Storm Cecilia | |
|---|---|
 Storm Cecilia approaching Italy on 24 November | |
 Track and intensity of Storm Cecilia at six-hour intervals according to theOPC | |
| Area affected | Spain |
| Date of impact | 16 November – 29 November |
| Maximum wind gust | 163 km/h (101 mph; 88 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 974 mbar (28.8 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 0 |
| Damage | Minimal |
The precursor to Storm Cecila was first noted as a developing low betweenthe Carolinas andBermuda on 16 November.[69] It subsequently deepened and slowly moved north-eastwards parallel to theEast Coast of the United States,[70] before crossingNewfoundland and emerging into the open Atlantic by 21 November.[71] At this point, the system was namedCecilia by theState Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), who issued warnings for rain and wind impacts across theIberian Peninsula and on theBalearic Islands.[15] Weather warnings were also issued in southern and coastal westernFrance.[72]
Cecila intensified as it crossed the Atlantic and reached its peak intensity of 974 mbar (28.8 inHg) in theBay of Biscay on 23 November before making landfall in northern Spain.[73] Along the coast, wind gusts of up to 163 km/h (101 mph; 88 kn) were recorded atCap Machichaco inBiscay province.[74] During the storm, a chemical transport ship ran aground at theGalician coast.[75] However, overall impacts were minimal across Spain.
Cecilia weakened as it crossed the Iberian Peninsula and emerged into theMediterranean Sea, crossingItaly as a weak frontal system on 25 November.[76] Continuing slowly eastwards, Cecilia was last noted over theBlack Sea on 28 November[77] before being absorbed byStorm Sebastien over southernUkraine on 29 November.[78]
| Storm Sebastien | |
|---|---|
 Sebastien re-intensifying after completing its extratropical transition on 25 November | |
 | |
| Area affected | Ireland,United Kingdom |
| Date of impact | 24 November – 1 December |
| Maximum wind gust | 80 km/h (50 mph; 43 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 980 mbar (29 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 0 |
| Damage | Minimal |
A large area of disturbed weather persisted over the central subtropical Atlantic in mid-November. On 19 November, this area of thunderstorm activity developed sufficiently to be designated Tropical Storm Sebastien by theNational Hurricane Center inMiami,Florida.[79] After several days of slow movement, Sebastien accelerated towards the north-east and began slowly losing tropical characteristics. The system completed itsextratropical transition late on 24 November,[79] becoming extratropical Storm Sebastien in the process.[80][81]
After becoming extratropical, Storm Sebastien began to re-intensify as it was now situated in a favourablebaroclinic environment. Shortly before landfall on the south coast ofIreland on 26 November, Sebastien reached its peak intensity of around 980 mbar (29 inHg).[82] Sebastien maintained this intensity for around two days as it crossed Ireland and theUnited Kingdom and entered theNorth Sea, before slowly weakening as it made landfall inDenmark on 29 November.[78] Around this time, Sebastien absorbed the remnants ofStorm Cecilia to its south-east. Sebastien continued to weaken as it accelerated north-eastwards intoEuropean Russia, finally being absorbed by a larger low-pressure system to its north by 1 December.[83]
Heavy rainfall was the primary threat from Storm Sebastien. As the storm approached the United Kingdom, theMet Office issued yellow weather warnings for heavy rainfall inNorthern England,South West England andSouth Wales. Many of these areas had already been impacted byongoing flooding, and theEnvironment Agency issued seven "danger to life" flood warnings inYorkshire and 60 flood alerts acrossEngland andWales as a result.[81]Storm surge flooding coinciding with highspring tides and high coastal winds of up to 80 km/h (50 mph; 43 kn)[84] presented additional hazards, with waves forecasted to reach up to 6.7 m (22 ft).[85]
Across southern England, up to 60 mm (2.4 in) of rain was recorded as Sebastien made landfall on 27 November.[81] However, impacts from Storm Sebastien were ultimately less severe than anticipated. Heavy rainfall and thunderstorms caused disruption in theLondon area.[86] Flooding and wind damage was reported on theIsle of Wight.[87] Minorcoastal flooding was also reported in theFareham area, although far less severe than had been forecasted.[88]
| Storm Atiyah | |
|---|---|
 Atiyah developing over the far north Atlantic on 7 December | |
 Track and intensity of Atiyah at six-hour intervals according to theMet Office andOPC | |
| Area affected | Ireland,United Kingdom,Netherlands,France |
| Date of impact | 5 December – 13 December |
| Maximum wind gust | 150.1 km/h (93.3 mph; 81.0 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 956 mbar (28.2 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 0 |
| Power outages | 34,000 |
| Damage | £40 million (€44 million) |
A low was first noted to be developing off the coast ofNew England by theOcean Prediction Center on 5 December.[89] The following day, as the low continued to develop and move eastwards across the far north Atlantic,Met Éireann named the systemAtiyah and issued orange wind warnings for the western counties ofIreland and yellow warnings for the remainder of the country. At that time, the agency expected mean wind speeds of 65 to 80 km/h (40 to 50 mph; 35 to 43 kn) and gusts of up to 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn) on 8 December across Ireland.[90] On 8 December, a red weather warning was issued forCounty Kerry due to the increasing risk of high wind impacts.[91]
The centre of Storm Atiyah passed just to the north ofScotland on 8 December at its peak intensity of 956 mbar (28.2 inHg).[92] High winds were recorded across the United Kingdom and Ireland, cutting power to 34,000 homes,[93][94][95] downing trees and causing disruption throughout both countries.[93][94][95] The highest recorded wind gust in the United Kingdom was onThe Needles Old Battery, at 83 mph (134 km/h; 72 kn).[96] The Kernow Weather Team recorded an unofficial wind gust of 96 mph (154 km/h; 83 kn) inIllogan, Cornwall,[95] although this gust wasn't recorded at an official Met Office station.
As Atiyah moved eastwards away from Scotland into theNorwegian Sea, a strong pressure gradient existed between the centre of the storm and an area of high pressure centred over theAlps which brought high winds to theNetherlands on 8 and 9 December, with gusts of around 90 to 100 km/h (56 to 62 mph; 49 to 54 kn) and heavy showers sweeping across the country.[97]Météo-France recorded the highest confirmed wind gust related to Atiyah of 150.1 km/h (93.3 mph; 81.0 kn), recorded atCap Bear inPyrénées-Orientales,France.[98]
After widespread impacts across western Europe, Atiyah continued to move away from the region, making landfall in northernNorway on 10 December.[99] Atiyah weakened rapidly as it continued eastwards, and it was last noted as a weak frontal system overSiberia on 13 December.[100] Throughout its lifespan, Atiyah caused at least £40 million (€44 million) in damage.[41]
| Storm Daniel | |
|---|---|
 Daniel approaching the Iberian Peninsula on 16 December | |
 Track and intensity of Daniel at six-hour intervals according to theMet Office andOPC | |
| Area affected | Iberian Peninsula |
| Date of impact | 15 December – 21 December |
| Maximum wind gust | 135 km/h (84 mph; 73 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 982 mbar (29.0 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 0 |
| Damage | Minimal |
Storm Daniel developed as a weak disturbance along acold front a short distance offshore ofPortugal on 15 December,[101] and it was officially named by theState Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET) later that day.[8] The agency issued an orange warning forAsturias, citing possible wave heights of 5 to 6 m (16 to 20 ft) at the coast. The agency further warned for wave heights of up to 7 m (23 ft) around theCanary Islands, heavy snowfall over high ground, and winds gusting to over 120 km/h (75 mph; 65 kn).[102]
After making landfall in Portugal, Storm Daniel moved north-eastwards across theIberian Peninsula into theBay of Biscay, making a second landfall in southernBrittany,France as a weaktrough on 17 December.[103] Accelerating north-eastwards acrossBenelux andDenmark, Daniel began to slowly intensify, reaching its peak intensity of 982 mbar (29.0 inHg)[104] over southernFinland on 19 December.[105] Daniel subsequently began to weaken and unravel as a coherent system, dissipating over westernRussia by 21 December.[106]
During the passage of Storm Daniel, the use ofsnow chains on car tyres became necessary to navigate sections of theN-630 road in central Spain, while thePuerto de Pajares mountain pass was closed to trucks,articulated vehicles and buses due to blizzard conditions.[107] The strongest wind gust from Storm Daniel was measured atLa Pinilla ski resort inSegovia,Spain, reaching 135 km/h (84 mph; 73 kn).[108] 108.8 mm (4.28 in) of rain fell atRiaño, León during the passage of the storm.[108] Overall, however, damage and disruption from Storm Daniel was minimal.
| Storm Elsa | |
|---|---|
 Storm Elsa approaching Ireland on 18 December | |
 Track and intensity of Storm Elsa at six-hour intervals according to theOPC | |
| Area affected | Portugal,Spain,France,United Kingdom,Ireland,Norway |
| Date of impact | 13 December – 22 December |
| Maximum wind gust | 168 km/h (104 mph; 91 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 961 mbar (28.4 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 8 |
| Power outages | 140,000 |
| Damage | £74 million (€81 million) |
Storm Elsa originated as an area of low pressure which formed over theGulf of Mexico on 13 December[109] and subsequently tracked gradually north-eastward, bottoming out at 961 mbar (28.4 inHg) along the coast ofCanada on 16 December.[110] At this time, theInstituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA) named the lowElsa.[8] The same day,AEMET issued wind warnings forSpain relating to Storm Elsa with forecasted maximum wind speeds of 100 to 120 km/h (62 to 75 mph; 54 to 65 kn).[17] After being named, Elsa moved away from Canada into the open Atlantic[111] and stalled for four days to the west of theBritish Isles, fluctuating in intensity.[112][113][114][115] On 21 December, Elsa finally began accelerating to the east ahead ofStorm Fabien, which was approaching Elsa from the west. Elsa passed north ofScotland and made landfall inNorway before being absorbed by an unnamed secondary low, approaching from the south, by 22 December.[116]
As Storm Elsa slowly approached,Met Éireann issued a nationwide yellow weather warning forIreland, followed on 18 December by an upgrade to an orange warning forCounty Cork.[117] The yellow warnings for countiesGalway andMayo were further upgraded to orange warnings at 20:00 local time that day, around an hour before the storm made its closest and most intense approach to Ireland.[118] Severe flooding and extreme gusts were reported along the County Galway coastline. Close to 22:00, astorm surge breached the Promenade onSalthill inGalway City; over 50 cars were lost to the floodwaters. Besides the flooding, a ship ran aground after being forced onto coastal rocks by rough seas.[119] Severe flooding was also reported in theSpanish Arch, Port of Galway,Oranmore andKinvara areas of Galway.[120] Gusts of up to 125 km/h (78 mph; 67 kn) were reported at theMace Head weather station on the West Galway coast. Fallen trees were reported across the city and county, blocking numerous roads leading to Galway City.[121] Around 22:30,Galway City Council activated its Emergency Response Plan and issued a notice warning people to stay indoors and to remain there unless it was of extreme importance. A similar warning was issued byGalway County Council. Members of theGardaí, National Ambulance Service, Galway Fire Service andCivil Defence Ireland were deployed toSalthill and conducted searches on cars trapped in floodwaters.[118]
Severe weather associated with Storm Elsa resulted in eight fatalities, primarily in southern Europe.[122] The highest wind gust recorded during the storm was 168 km/h (104 mph; 91 kn), which was reached atCerler-Cogulla inProvince of Huesca, Spain.[123] More than 140,000 properties lost electricity during the passage of the storm,[124] and damage totals ultimately reached at least £74 million (€81 million).[41] In the aftermath of Storm Elsa, Met Éireann's short notice of upgrading weather warnings around one hour before the storm hit the counties of Mayo and Galway was criticized. The agency defended their warnings, citing that "the nature of forecasting is that it is never certain [...]" and that they issue warnings when they see fit.[119]
| Storm Fabien | |
|---|---|
 Storm Fabien approaching northern France on 21 December | |
 Track and intensity of Storm Fabien at six-hour intervals according to theOPC | |
| Area affected | Portugal,Spain,France,United Kingdom |
| Date of impact | 17 December – 29 December |
| Maximum wind gust | 206 km/h (128 mph; 111 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 963 mbar (28.4 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 0 |
| Power outages | 180,000 |
| Damage | £95 million (€100 million) |
The system that would go on to become Storm Fabien formed as the easternmost of a series of weak lows which developed as disturbances along astationary front situated across thesouthern United States on 17 December.[125] The low broke free from this front and drifted northeastwards along theeast coast of the United States, emerging into the Atlantic Ocean east ofNewfoundland on 19 December. At that time, theState Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET) named the lowFabien, warning for wind speeds of 100 to 120 km/h (62 to 75 mph; 54 to 65 kn) and wave heights of 9 m (30 ft).[17]Météo-France issued orange warnings for fifteen departments in the south-west ofFrance.[126]
Storm Fabien rapidly intensified as it crossed the Atlantic, its progress slightly slowed down by the presence ofStorm Elsa which had already been situated almost stationary over the north Atlantic for several days prior to Fabien's formation. After initially pushing Elsa along ahead of itself, Fabien subsequently accelerated to the south of Elsa and reached its peak intensity of 963 mbar (28.4 inHg)[127] while approaching landfall inSouth West England on 21 December.[128] After crossing southern England, Fabien began to slow down and weaken, crossing overcentral Europe on 23 December[129] before stalling for several days while centred overCyprus as a weaktrough along astationary front from 24 December.[130][131][132] After slowly drifting back northwards, Fabien made landfall onUkraine'sBlack Sea coastline on 28 December,[133] and dissipated shortly thereafter.[134]
Despite the centre of Storm Fabien making landfall in southern England, the previous interaction with Storm Elsa to Fabien's north meant that the strongest winds were confined to the southern side of the storm, in particular acrossFrance. TheSNCF canceled services in southwestern France as a result of high winds blowing trees onto railway tracks[126] and around 100,000 households were left without power in the same region.[135] OnCorsica, a wind gust of 206 km/h (128 mph; 111 kn) was recorded, besides numerous fallen trees.[136] All of the island's airports were closed and the ferry service between the island and the mainland was suspended as well.[126] InGalicia,Spain, around 80,000 homes were left without power following the passage of Storm Fabien.[137] A wind gust of 183.5 km/h (114.0 mph; 99.1 kn) was also recorded in Galicia.[138] A train crashed into a fallen tree on the railway line between Vigo and Barcelona; no fatalities were reported.[137] Along its path, damage from Storm Fabien totalled £95 million (€100 million).[41]
| Storm Brendan | |
|---|---|
 Storm Brendan over the northeastern Atlantic on 13 January | |
 Track and intensity of Brendan at six-hour intervals according to theMet Office andOPC | |
| Area affected | Ireland,United Kingdom,Faroe Islands,Iceland,Norway |
| Date of impact | 10 January – 19 January |
| Maximum wind gust | 182 km/h (113 mph; 98 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 940 mbar (28 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 1 |
| Power outages | 100,000 |
| Damage | > £2 million (€2.3 million), preliminary |
Storm Brendan first developed as a weak low along a frontal boundary over northernTexas on 10 January.[139] This low moved slowly northeastwards across theUnited States without much development, crossing overAtlantic Canada and emerging into the Atlantic Ocean on 12 January.[140] The low began to undergoexplosive intensification as soon as it entered the Atlantic, and on 13 JanuaryMet Éireann named the lowBrendan. The next day, the centre of Storm Brendan passed over theFaroe Islands at its peak intensity of 940 mbar (28 inHg),[141] becoming the most intense storm of the season up to that point. Brendan subsequently stalled southeast ofIceland and began to slowly weaken as secondary lows accelerated around its large southern periphery.[142][143] On 17 January, the much weakened centre of Storm Brendan's primary circulation made landfall in northernNorway,[144] subsequently accelerating eastwards; it was last noted as a weakening frontal system over northeasternRussia on 19 January.[145][146]
Storm Brendan made its closest approach toIreland and theUnited Kingdom while at peak intensity late on 13 January, with the centre of the storm remaining just offshore to the north ofScotland. However, Brendan's large size resulted in impacts across theBritish Isles. Power outages were reported across Ireland, with more than 100,000 properties without electricity at the height of the storm.[147] Transport was severely disrupted, with ferry cancellations acrossScotland. All schools in theOuter Hebrides were closed as a result of dangerously high winds.[148][149] The highest wind gust reported during Storm Brendan was 113 mph (182 km/h; 98 kn), recorded atAonach Mòr in theScottish Highlands.[150] Preliminary damage totals as a result of Storm Brendan ran into the millions of dollars, and one person was killed.[151]
| Storm Gloria | |
|---|---|
 Storm Gloria over the western Mediterranean on 21 January | |
 Track and intensity of Storm Gloria at six-hour intervals according to theOPC | |
| Area affected | Portugal,Spain,France |
| Date of impact | 9 January – 25 January |
| Maximum wind gust | 133 km/h (83 mph; 72 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 993 mbar (29.3 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 17 |
| Power outages | 31,000 |
| Damage | £150 million (€180 million), preliminary |
The system that would eventually become Storm Gloria was first noted as a developing complex of low-pressure systems over the central United States on 9 January. A largetrough associated with the low dug into theSouthwestern United States from 10 January, providing a path for cold air that had been settled overCanada to move southwards and clash with warm, moist air moving northward from theGulf of Mexico.[152] This provided conditions for the low to develop and intensify as it moved eastwards across theUnited States before exiting into the north Atlantic on 13 January.[153]
After stalling off the coast of North America for several days, the system began moving steadily eastwards across the open Atlantic on 17 January, reaching a peak intensity of 993 mbar (29.3 inHg) around that time.[154] TheState Meteorological Agency ofSpain (AEMET) named the lowGloria on 18 January, issuing the first severe weather warnings as the storm was approaching theIberian Peninsula.[155] After turning southeastwards and entering theBay of Biscay, Gloria subsequently made landfall close toSantander in northern Spain on 19 January.[156]
Gloria quickly passed over northern Spain as a weak cyclone and then emerged into the western Mediterranean Sea, where it stalled for several days.[156][157] After remaining nearly stationary near theBalearic Islands for around 48 hours, Gloria began to slowly drift southwards and then westwards, passing over theStrait of Gibraltar and northernMorocco on 22 January[158] before emerging into the far eastern Atlantic on 23 January. After looping for several days offshore to the south and west ofPortugal,[159] Gloria dissipated on 25 January off the country'ssouthern coast.[160]
High winds and heavy rainfall caused severe damage along the path of Gloria. The highest recorded wind gust during the storm was 133 km/h (83 mph; 72 kn).[161] Gloria's exceptionally slow movement resulted in severe flash flooding across northeastern Spain and southern France. In total, acrossFrance,Portugal andSpain, seventeen people were killed as a result of Storm Gloria, including three people whose bodies were never found.[162] Preliminary damage totals relating to Gloria are at least £150 million (€180 million).[163]
| Storm Hervé | |
|---|---|
 Disorganised Storm Hervé over Eastern Europe on 4 February | |
 Track and intensity of Storm Hervé at six-hour intervals according to theMet Office | |
| Area affected | France,Austria,Switzerland,Czech Republic,Germany,Romania |
| Date of impact | 2 February – 8 February |
| Maximum wind gust | 195 km/h (121 mph; 105 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 990 mbar (29 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 3 |
| Damage | Minimal |
Storm Hervé originated as a weakshortwave disturbance along a frontal boundary over theAzores on 2 February.[164] Slowly developing as it drifted northeastwards along the frontal boundary,Météo-France named the weak lowHervé during the afternoon of 3 February.[18] In the 12 hours that followed Storm Hervé being named, it moved into theBay of Biscay andrapidly deepened from 1,012 mbar (29.9 inHg) to its initial peak intensity of 996 mbar (29.4 inHg). After entering theEnglish Channel, Hervé moved generally eastward offshore between theUnited Kingdom andFrance, expanding in size before making landfall inBelgium on 4 February.[165][166]
After landfall, Hervé accelerated southeastwards intoCentral Europe at a considerable forward pace, reaching its overall peak intensity of 990 mbar (29 inHg) on 5 February[167] while centred overRomania.[168] Hervé began to slow down and gradually weaken on 6 February as it emerged over theBlack Sea;[169] this weakening trend accelerated on 7 February, when Hervé degenerated back into a shortwave trough following landfall in far southernRussia.[170] Hervé was last noted moving into easternTurkey on 8 February, dissipating by the next day.[171]
The most considerable impacts from Storm Hervé were felt in Central Europe. Strong wind gusts and flooding led to two deaths inAustria,[172] and another person died in theCzech Republic as a result of Hervé.[173] Overnight on 3–4 February, as Hervé was approaching from the west, it brought the highest winds recorded inSwitzerland since 1981, also severely impacting southernGermany andAustria around the same time.[174] The highest wind gust recorded during the storm was 195 km/h (121 mph; 105 kn) atCap Corse inCorsica,France.[165]
| Storm Ciara | |
|---|---|
 The storm off the eastern coast of the United States on 7 February. | |
 Track of the storm according to theOcean Prediction Center andMet Office. | |
| Area affected | Eastern United States,Ireland,United Kingdom,Belgium,The Netherlands,Germany,France |
| Date of impact | 8–10 February 2020 |
| Maximum wind gust | 219 km/h (136 mph; 118 kn)[175] |
| Lowest pressure | 943 mbar (27.8 inHg)[176] |
| Fatalities | 13 |
On 4 February 2020, theMet Office issued a yellow weather warning for wind covering all of the United Kingdom across the following weekend due to high confidence in the model forecasts for a potential high-impact storm, although the system involved had not yet formed and no name was issued for it at that time. The next day, Storm Ciara[note 1] was formally named by the Met Office;[19] in Germany the storm is called Sabine.[177] It formed out of a weak area of low pressure emerging into the Atlantic Ocean from thesoutheastern United States earlier that day; the precursor system had previously brought heavy snowfall to large tracts of the United States and Eastern Canada, with tornadoes across the southern and mid-Atlantic states.[178]
On 6 February,Met Éireann issued a country-wide yellow wind and rain warning for Saturday 8 February through Sunday 9 February, expecting average wind speeds from 50 to 65 km/h (31 to 40 mph; 27 to 35 kn) and gusts up to 110 km/h (68 mph; 59 kn) and rainfall of up to 40 mm (1.6 in). Additional orange wind warnings were issued for the countiesGalway,Mayo andDonegal on 7 February.[179][180]
TheRoyal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) issued a country-wide yellow wind warning on 7 February, expecting wind gusts up to 120 km/h (75 mph; 65 kn).[181] The same date, the Met Office issued an amber warning for southeast England for Sunday. The rest of the United Kingdom remained under a yellow wind warning. The agency expects gusting of 80 to 97 km/h (50 to 60 mph; 43 to 52 kn) across the country, with the possibility of gusts up to 130 km/h (80 mph; 70 kn) along the coastal regions.[182] On 8 February, the KNMI updated their warning to orange for wind gusts up to 130 km/h (81 mph) in the whole country.[183] TheRoyal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) also postponed all premier league matches set for 9 February.[184]
On 9 February, the storm set above Belgium; due to the strong winds, theRoyal Belgian Football Association (KBVB) postponed all football events on this day[185] and also theVlaamse Aardbeiencross was cancelled.[186]
Ciara caused an estimated €500 million in damage in Germany.[187]
![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(October 2022) |
| Storm Inès | |
|---|---|
 Storm Inès approaching Ireland on 12 February. | |
 Track of storm Inès according to theOcean Prediction Center. | |
| Area affected | France,Spain,Ireland,United Kingdom,Netherlands,Belgium,Germany |
| Date of impact | 13 February 2020 |
| Maximum wind gust | 132 km/h (82 mph; 71 kn),Pointe du Raz,Brittany,France[188] |
| Lowest pressure | 976 mbar (28.8 inHg)[189] |
Inès was named by the French meteorological agency,Météo-France, on 12 February 2020. The agency issued yellow and orange warnings for wind speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn) in the northern parts of the country.[21][22]
Inès formed aboveNewfoundland on 11 February.[190] It affected primarily France with wind speeds up to and surpassing 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn) on 13 February,[188] while it brought waves up to 6 m (20 ft) from the Galician to Cantabrian coast.[190]
| Storm Dennis | |
|---|---|
 Dennis above the Atlantic Ocean on 14 February, with itscold front flanking the east coast of North America. | |
 Track of storm Dennis according to theOcean Prediction Center. | |
| Area affected | Ireland,United Kingdom,Iceland,Netherlands,Belgium,France,Norway |
| Date of impact | 11–18 February 2020 |
| Maximum wind gust | 230 km/h (140 mph; 120 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 920 mbar (27 inHg) |
Storm Dennis was named jointly by the UKMet Office, Met Éireann and the Netherlands Meteorological Service on 11 February, with heavy rain and strong winds expected to affect the UK from 15 February.[191] It was quickly nicknamed "Dennis the Menace,"[192] as a reference fromThe Beanocharacter of the same name.
| Storm Jorge | |
|---|---|
 Jorge approaching the British Isles on 29 February. | |
 Track of storm Jorge according to theOcean Prediction Center andMet Office. | |
| Area affected | United Kingdom,Ireland,Iceland |
| Date of impact | 25 February–5 March 2020 |
| Lowest pressure | 952 mbar (28.1 inHg) |
Jorge was named by the Spanish meteorological agency on 27 February. The agency warned for seas up to 5 m (16 ft) high and snow from 1,000 m (3,300 ft).[23]Met Eireann issued Status Red wind warnings for County Galway and County Clare and Status Orange wind warnings for the remainder of the country,[193] while in the United Kingdom theMet Office issued yellow wind warnings for all of Wales and Northern Ireland, most of England and parts of Scotland before it even hit Iceland.
| Storm Karine | |
|---|---|
 Karine covering much of southern Europe on 2 March. | |
 Track of storm Karine according to theOcean Prediction Center andMet Office. | |
| Area affected | France,Spain,Italy |
| Date of impact | 29 February–4 March 2020 |
| Lowest pressure | 984 mbar (29.1 inHg) |
Storm Karine was named by AEMET on 29 February to impact on 2 March. The storm was named before Leon, however Leon developed before Karine on 1 March and so alphabetical order does not correspond to chronological order of these two storms.[194]
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(October 2022) |
| Storm Leon | |
|---|---|
 The storm covering much of France on 1 March. | |
 Track of storm Leon according to theOcean Prediction Center. | |
| Area affected | Spain,France,Belgium |
| Date of impact | 29 February–1 March 2020 |
| Lowest pressure | 990 mbar (29.2 inHg) |
Storm Leon was named by MétéoFrance on 1 March to affect the country later the same day.[195]
| Storm Myriam | |
|---|---|
 The storm above the Atlantic Ocean on 2 March. | |
 Track of storm Myriam according to theOcean Prediction Center andMet Office. | |
| Area affected | Spain,France,Corsica,Malta,Italy |
| Date of impact | 29 February–5 March 2020 |
| Lowest pressure | 992 mbar (29.3 inHg) |
| This section is empty. You can help byadding to it.(March 2020) |
| Storm Norberto | |
|---|---|
 Norberto covering parts of Europe on 5 March. | |
 Track of storm Norberto according to theOcean Prediction Center andMet Office. | |
| Area affected | France,Germany,Poland |
| Date of impact | 3–7 March 2020 |
| Lowest pressure | 982 mbar (29.0 inHg) |
| This section is empty. You can help byadding to it.(September 2020) |
| Storm Edouard | |
|---|---|
 Track of Tropical Storm Edouard | |
| Area affected | United KingdomIrelandNetherlandsGermanyDenmark &Poland |
| Date of impact | 4 – 11 July 2020 |
| Lowest pressure | 1,005 mbar (29.7 inHg) |
| Fatalities | 0 |
| Power outages | minimal |
Tropical Storm Edouard's extratropical low began to slowly weaken on 8 July, turning eastward and continuing to move rapidly within the strong mid-latitude westerlies in the Atlantic. It crossed southern Ireland and the southern United Kingdom on 9 July and dissipated over the latter country that day, Edouard's extratropical remnants brought brief, but heavy, rain to the British Isles, the Netherlands, Germany, southern Denmark and north-west Poland between 8 July – 11 July 2020.
| Storm Ellen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Area affected | United Kingdom &Ireland |
| Date of impact | 18 – 27 August 2020 |
| Maximum wind gust | 143 km/h (89 mph; 77 kn)Roche's Point, Ireland[196] |
| Lowest pressure | 966.4 mbar (28.54 inHg)[197][198] |
| Fatalities | 4[199] |
| Power outages | 194,000 |
Storm Ellen was named by the Irish Meteorological Office on 18 August 2020.[200]
On 18 August,Met Éireann issued a Status Orange wind warning for countiesGalway,Mayo,Clare,Cork,Kerry,Limerick andWaterford for Wednesday, 19 August through Thursday, 20 August, expecting gusts of between 110 km/h and 130 km/h.[201][202] On 19 August, a Status Red wind warning forCork was issued valid from Wednesday 19 August until midnight.[203][204] On 20 August, Ellen absorbed the remnants ofTropical Storm Kyle.[205][206][207]
Over 194,000 homes and businesses were left without power as the storm battered the country with severe gusts of up to 143 km/h (89 mph; 77 kn) which led to fallen trees and flooding overnight.[208] On 20 August,Met Éireann issued a Status Yellow wind warning for countiesDublin,Louth,Wexford,Wicklow,Meath,Cork,Kerry andWaterford, expecting very strong winds and a continued risk of coastal flooding.[209]
| Storm Francis | |
|---|---|
 Francis crossing the British Isles on 25 August | |
| Area affected | Great Britain,Ireland,Belgium and theNetherlands |
| Date of impact | 24 – 27 August 2020 |
| Maximum wind gust | 160 km/h (100 mph; 87 kn) |
| Lowest pressure | 979 mbar (28.9 inHg)[210] |
Storm Francis was named by the UK Met Office on 24 August. It was forecast to make landfall off the West Coast of Ireland on 25 August, with very severe winds, rain and impacts for most of the country, as well as the west of the UK. 2 yellow weather warnings for Wind & Rain were issued by the Met Office for the storm's impacts on 25 & 26 August.[211]
In Wales, Storm Francis was the cause of a large amount of flash flooding in the South of the country, as an indirect cause of this many homes were left without power.
Met Éireann issued Status Orange - Rainfall warning forConnacht,Cavan,Monaghan,Donegal,Wexford,Cork,Kerry andWaterford. This warning was issued on 24 August 2020 11:00 and valid between 24 August 2020 21:00 and 25 August 2020 17:00. Status Yellow - Rainfall warning was put in place for all remaining counties, includingNorthern Ireland's counties. Eastern counties received Status Yellow - Wind warning as well.[212]
The KMI from Belgium issued an orange warning for summerstorm Francis.
In The Netherlands the KNMI issued a yellow warning. The storm peaked with wind gusts up to 107 km/h (66 mph; 58 kn).
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(October 2022) |
| Storm Odette | |
|---|---|
 Odette over the North Sea on 25 September | |
| Area affected | Belgium,United Kingdom |
| Date of impact | 23 – 26 September 2020 |
On 29 September, a moderate storm named Mortimer by FUB moved across central Europe and killed three people.[213]
In late October 2019, amedicane formed far east in theMediterranean Sea. It affected Cyprus, Israel and Egypt. The storm formed in the far east of the sea, something which is not seen often.[214]
On 10–11 December, anexplosively deepening storm affected Iceland, where the meteorological office declared its first red warning for parts of the country.[215] The system was named Siro by theFree University of Berlin. The storm dropped to a pressure of 949 mbar (28.0 inHg), bringing strong winds and blizzard conditions, causing a complete halt to transportation and power loss to 20,000. The storm was described by Icelandic meteorologists as a once in a decade event.[216]
On 15 January the extreme weather event Didrik hit the southern coast of Norway with high coastal waters. This weather event was caused by Storm Brendan, which for a longer period had stalled south east of Iceland, and a secondary low named Gerlinde by theFree University of Berlin. Storm Brendan had for a longer period pushed water towards the coast of Norway bringing high coastal waters already from 13 January. Gerlinde was expected to bring even higher water levels. Due to these two low pressure areas, combined with full moon 10 January, theNorwegian Meteorological Institute named the event Didrik. Gerlinde moved quicker than expected over southern Norway and brought lower water levels to the southern coast, but Brendan however moved towards the coast more powerful than expected and brought higher water levels on the western coast. The weather event made damage to many buildings along the coast as well as disrupt railway services due to flooding.[217]
On 28 January, Storm Lolita, named by FUB, caused two deaths in Germany.[218][219]
On 14 February, a rapidly deepening low in the Atlantic affected Iceland, named Uta by the Free University of Berlin. Red wind warnings for the south of Iceland were issued with reports of coastal flooding around the Reykjanes peninsula.[220]
On 22 February storm Tuuli, named by theFinnish Meteorological Institute, hit Finland.
On 27 February Bianca (FUB) affected France, Switzerland and Germany.[221]
On 12 March storm Laura hit Denmark and southern Sweden. It was named Laura by theDanish Meteorological Institute, and known as Hanna by the Free University of Berlin. In Sweden winds gusts of up to 136 km/h (85 mph; 73.5 kn; 37.8 m/s) was recorded. Strong winds cut the power to more than 20,000 people, and also closed the Öresund bridge.[222]
On 25 July a storm hit the eastern parts of Finland. Despite its severity it was only unofficially named Uuno by the Finnish media. Strong winds caused trees to fall over electrical lines cutting power to more than 3,000 people.[223] The damages to forests was estimated to cost between 2 and 3 million euros.[224]
On 30 July another storm hit Finland. This was more powerful and was officially named Päivö by theFinnish Meteorological Institute.
| Storm | Dates active | Highest wind gust | Lowest pressure | Fatalities (+missing) | Damage | Affected areas |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lorenzo | 2–4 October | 107 km/h (66 mph; 58 kn) | 966 mbar (28.5 inHg) | 11 (+7) | £283 million (€336 million) | Azores,Eastern United States (while a hurricane),Ireland,United Kingdom |
| Amélie | 1–4 November | 189 km/h (117 mph; 102 kn) | 972 mbar (28.7 inHg) | 1 | £80 million (€90 million) | France,Spain,Italy |
| Bernardo | 10–11 November | 111 km/h (69 mph; 60 kn) | 996 mbar (29.4 inHg) | 1 | — | Spain,Algeria |
| Cecilia | 16–29 November | 163 km/h (101 mph; 88 kn) | 974 mbar (28.8 inHg) | 0 | — | Spain |
| Sebastien | 24 November–1 December | 80 km/h (50 mph; 43 kn) | 980 mbar (29 inHg) | 0 | — | Ireland,United Kingdom |
| Atiyah | 4–9 December | 150.1 km/h (93.3 mph; 81.0 kn) | 956 mbar (28.2 inHg) | 0 | £40 million (€48 million) | Ireland,United Kingdom,Netherlands,France |
| Daniel | 15–20 December | 135 km/h (84 mph; 73 kn) | 982 mbar (29.0 inHg) | 0 | — | Portugal,Spain |
| Elsa | 13–20 December | 168 km/h (104 mph; 91 kn) | 961 mbar (28.4 inHg) | 8 | £170 million (€200 million) | Portugal,Spain,France,United Kingdom,Ireland,Norway |
| Fabien | 16–23 December | 206 km/h (128 mph; 111 kn) | 963 mbar (28.4 inHg) | 0 | £170 million (€200 million) | Portugal,Spain,France |
| Brendan | 11–17 January | 182 km/h (113 mph; 98 kn) | 940 mbar (27.8 inHg) | 1 | £2 million (€2.3 million) | Ireland,United Kingdom,Belgium,Netherlands,Spain,France |
| Gloria | 15–20 January | 133 km/h (83 mph; 72 kn) | 993 mbar (29.3 inHg) | 14 (+3) | £150 million (€180 million) | Portugal,Spain |
| Hervé | 3–6 February | 195 km/h (121 mph; 105 kn) | 990 mbar (29.2 inHg) | 3 | — | France,Austria,Switzerland,Czech Republic,Germany |
| Ciara | 4–12 February | 219 km/h (136 mph; 118 kn) | 943 mbar (27.8 inHg) | 18 | To be confirmed | Ireland,United Kingdom,Belgium,The Netherlands,Germany |
| Inès | 11–14 February | 132 km/h (82 mph; 71 kn) | 976 mbar (28.8 inHg) | 0 | — | France |
| Dennis | 12–20 February | 230 km/h (140 mph; 120 kn) | 920 mbar (27 inHg) | 6 (+1) | To be confirmed | Ireland,United Kingdom,Belgium,The Netherlands,Germany |
| Jorge | 25 February–5 March | – | 952 mbar (28.1 inHg) | 0 | – | United Kingdom,Ireland,Iceland |
| Karine | 2–4 March | – | 984 mbar (29.1 inHg) | 0 | – | France,Spain,Italy |
| Leon | 29 February–1 March | – | 990 mbar (29.2 inHg) | 0 | – | Spain,France,Belgium |
| Myriam | 29 February–5 March | – | 992 mbar (29.3 inHg) | 0 | – | Spain,France,Corsica,Malta,Italy |
| Norberto | 3–7 March | – | 982 mbar (29.0 inHg) | 0 | – | France,Germany |
| Ellen | 18 – 27 August | 143 km/h (89 mph; 77 kn) | 966.4 mbar (28.54 inHg) | 4 | – | Ireland,United Kingdom,Portugal |
| Francis | 24 – 27 August | 160 km/h (100 mph; 87 kn) | 979 mbar (28.9 inHg) | – | – | Ireland,United Kingdom,The Netherlands |
| Odette | 23 – 26 September | – | – | – | – | Belgium,United Kingdom |
| 22 windstorms | 2 October – 26 September | 230.0 km/h (142.9 mph; 124.2 kn) | 920 mbar (27.2 inHg) | 74 (+12) | £895 million (€1.06 billion) |
| 2019–20 named storms table (dates of impact (when warnings are issued for, not duration)) |
|---|
| Mortimer (FUB), 29 September 2019. |
| ex-Lorenzo (NHC), 2–4 October 2019. |
| Amélie (FrEsPtBe), Arne (FUB) 2–3 November 2019.[225][226] |
| Bernardo (FrEsPtBe), Detlef[note 2] (FUB) 9–11 November 2019,[228] a Mediterranean storm. |
| Cecilia (FrEsPtBe), Luis (FUB)[229] 22–23 November 2019. |
| Atiyah (IEUKNL),[230] Rudi (FUB)[231] 8–9 December 2019. |
| Siro (FUB), 10–11 December 2019. |
| Daniel (FrEsPtBe), Xander (FUB) 16 December 2019. |
| Elsa (FrEsPtBe),[232] Yadid (FUB), 17–18 December 2019. |
| Fabien (FrEsPtBe),[233] Ailton (FUB) 21–22 December 2019. |
| Brendan (IEUKNL),[234] Fenja (FUB) 13 January 2020. |
| Didrik (No) [for high coastal water levels],[235] combination of Brendan and secondary low (IEUKNL), Gerlinde and Fenja (FUB), 14–15 January 2020. |
| Gloria (FrEsPtBe),[236] Ilka (FUB) 19–23 January 2020, a Mediterranean storm. |
| Lolita (FUB), 28 January 2020. |
| Hervé (FrEsPtBe), Petra (FUB),[237] 4–5 February 2020. |
| Ciara (IEUKNL), Sabine (FUB), Elsa (No) [for high coastal water levels],[238] 8–10 February 2020. |
| Inès (FrEsPtBe), Tomris (FUB)[239] 13 February 2020. |
| Uta (FUB), 14 February 2020. |
| Dennis (IEUKNL), Victoria (FUB), 15–17 February 2020.[240] |
| Tuuli (Fi), Xanthippe III (FUB), 22 February 2020. |
| Bianca (FUB), 27 February 2020. |
| Jorge (FrEsPtBe), Charlotte (FUB), 29 February–1 March 2020. |
| Karine (FrESPtBe),[241] Diana III (FUB), 2 March 2020. |
| Leon (FrEsPtBe),[242] Diana II (FUB) 1 March 2020. |
| Myriam (FrEsPtBe),[221] 3 March 2020. |
| Norberto (FrEsPtBe),[243] Elli (FUB), 5 March 2020. |
| Laura (dk),[244] Hanna (FUB), 12 March 2020. |
| Uuno (Fi), Quiola? (FUB), 25 June 2020. |
| Päivö (Fi), Ulrike (FUB), 30 June–1 July 2020. |
| Ellen (IEUKNL),[245] 19–20 August 2020. |
| Francis (IEUKNL), Kirsten (FUB), 25—26 August 2020.[246] |
| Odette (FrEsPtBe),[247] Wicca (FUB) 25 September 2020. |
