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2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season

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American college football season

2016 NCAA Division I FCS season

Regular season
Number of teams	125
Duration	August 26 – December 3
Payton Award	Jeremiah Briscoe,Sam Houston State
Buchanan Award	Karter Schult,Northern Iowa
Playoff
Duration	November 26 – December 17
Championship date	January 7, 2017
Championship site	Toyota Stadium,Frisco, Texas
Champion	James Madison
NCAA Division I FCS football seasons
«2015 2017»

The2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part ofcollege football in the United States, was organized by theNational Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at theDivision I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level. TheNCAA Division I Football Championship Game was played on January 7, 2017, inFrisco, Texas. TheJames Madison Dukes defeated theYoungstown State Penguins, 28–14, to capture their second national championship in team history.

Conference changes and new programs

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School	2015 conference	2016 conference
Coastal Carolina	Big South	FCS independent
East Tennessee State	FCS independent	SoCon

Notable headlines

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April 20 – The NCAA banned five schools from the 2016 postseason for failure to meetAcademic Progress Rate criteria: Florida A&M, Howard, Morgan State, Savannah State, and Southern.
April 28 – Following the March 1 announcement by theSun Belt Conference that it would not renew its football-only membership agreements withIdaho andNew Mexico State when they expire at the end of the 2017 season,^[1] Idaho announced that it would return to FCS football in its all-sports league, theBig Sky Conference, in 2018.^[2] The Vandals thus became the first team ever to voluntarily drop from FBS to FCS.^[3]
September 17 –East Tennessee State andWestern Carolina played on a temporary fieldturf surface installed on the infield of theBristol Motor Speedway. The sameNASCAR racetrack hosted a game betweenTennessee andVirginia Tech one week earlier.^[4]
November 19 – Joe Thomas Sr., a 55-year-oldwalk-on atSouth Carolina State, appeared for one play in the first quarter of theBulldogs' season finale againstSavannah State, rushing for 3 yards. Although the NCAA does not keep statistics on player ages, the father ofGreen Bay Packers linebackerJoe Thomas Jr. is believed to be the oldest player ever to take the field in a Division I game.^[5]

FCS team wins over FBS teams

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(FCS rankings from the STATS poll)September 2:Albany 22,Buffalo 16
September 3: #14Eastern Washington 45,Washington State 42
September 3: #5Northern Iowa 25,Iowa State 20
September 3: #4Richmond 37,Virginia 20
September 10:Eastern Illinois 21,Miami (OH) 17
September 10: #10Illinois State 9,Northwestern 7
September 10: #23North Carolina A&T 39,Kent State 36^4OT
September 17: #1North Dakota State 23, No. 13(FBS)Iowa 21 [NOTE: NDSU became just the 4th FCS team to beat an AP ranked FBS team, and afterward received 74 votes for the AP top-25 rankings (No. 27 overall), the most votes ever received by an FCS team].^[6]
September 24:Central Arkansas 28,Arkansas State 23
September 24: #13Western Illinois 28,Northern Illinois 23

Conference standings

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2016 Big Sky Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 4 Eastern Washington +^	8	–	0	12	–	2
No. 12 North Dakota +^	8	–	0	9	–	3
No. 25 Weber State ^	6	–	2	7	–	5
No. 24 Cal Poly ^	5	–	3	7	–	5
Southern Utah	5	–	3	6	–	5
Northern Colorado	4	–	4	6	–	5
Northern Arizona	4	–	4	5	–	6
Montana	3	–	5	6	–	5
Montana State	2	–	6	4	–	7
Portland State	2	–	6	3	–	8
UC Davis	2	–	6	3	–	8
Sacramento State	2	–	6	2	–	9
Idaho State	1	–	7	2	–	9

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Big South Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 15 Charleston Southern +^	4	–	1	7	–	4
Liberty +	4	–	1	6	–	5
Kennesaw State	3	–	2	8	–	3
Gardner–Webb	3	–	2	5	–	6
Presbyterian	1	–	4	2	–	9
Monmouth	0	–	5	4	–	7

+ – Conference co-champions ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Colonial Athletic Association football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 1 James Madison $^	8	–	0	14	–	1
No. 11 Villanova ^	6	–	2	9	–	4
No. 17 New Hampshire ^	6	–	2	8	–	5
No. 8 Richmond ^	5	–	3	10	–	4
Maine	5	–	3	6	–	5
Albany	4	–	4	7	–	4
Stony Brook	4	–	4	5	–	6
William & Mary	3	–	5	5	–	6
Towson	3	–	5	4	–	7
Delaware	2	–	6	4	–	7
Elon	1	–	7	2	–	9
Rhode Island	1	–	7	2	–	9

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Ivy League football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
Princeton +	6	–	1	8	–	2
Penn +	6	–	1	7	–	3
Harvard	5	–	2	7	–	3
Brown	3	–	4	4	–	6
Yale	3	–	4	3	–	7
Cornell	2	–	5	4	–	6
Columbia	2	–	5	3	–	7
Dartmouth	1	–	6	4	–	6

+ – Conference co-champions

2016 Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 22 North Carolina Central $	8	–	0	9	–	3
No. 20 North Carolina A&T ^	7	–	1	9	–	3
Hampton	5	–	3	5	–	6
South Carolina State	5	–	3	5	–	6
Bethune–Cookman	4	–	4	4	–	6
Florida A&M *	4	–	4	4	–	7
Norfolk State	3	–	5	4	–	7
Savannah State *	3	–	5	3	–	7
Morgan State *	3	–	5	3	–	8
Howard *	2	–	6	2	–	9
Delaware State	0	–	8	0	–	11

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant * Florida A&M, Howard, Morgan State, and Savannah State ineligible for postseason due to APR violations Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Missouri Valley Football Conference standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 3 North Dakota State +^	7	–	1	12	–	2
No. 6 South Dakota State +^	7	–	1	9	–	4
No. 2 Youngstown State ^	6	–	2	12	–	4
Illinois State ^	4	–	4	6	–	6
Northern Iowa	4	–	4	5	–	6
Western Illinois	3	–	5	6	–	5
South Dakota	3	–	5	4	–	7
Indiana State	2	–	6	4	–	7
Missouri State	2	–	6	4	–	7
Southern Illinois	2	–	6	4	–	7

+ – Conference co-champions ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Northeast Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
Duquesne +	5	–	1	8	–	3
Saint Francis (PA) +^	5	–	1	7	–	5
Wagner	4	–	2	6	–	5
Bryant	4	–	2	5	–	6
Sacred Heart	1	–	5	6	–	5
Central Connecticut	1	–	5	2	–	9
Robert Morris	1	–	5	2	–	9

+ – Conference co-champions ^ – FCS playoff participant

2016 Ohio Valley Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 6 Jacksonville State $^	7	–	0	10	–	2
UT Martin	6	–	2	7	–	5
Tennessee Tech	5	–	3	5	–	6
Tennessee State	4	–	3	7	–	4
Eastern Illinois	4	–	4	6	–	5
Murray State	4	–	4	4	–	7
SE Missouri State	3	–	5	3	–	8
Eastern Kentucky	2	–	6	3	–	8
Austin Peay	0	–	8	0	–	11

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Patriot League football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 21 Lehigh $^	6	–	0	9	–	3
Fordham	5	–	1	8	–	3
Colgate	4	–	2	5	–	5
Bucknell	3	–	3	4	–	7
Holy Cross	2	–	4	4	–	7
Lafayette	1	–	5	2	–	9
Georgetown	0	–	6	3	–	8

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Pioneer Football League standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 19 San Diego $^	8	–	0	10	–	2
Dayton	7	–	1	9	–	2
Drake	6	–	2	7	–	4
Marist	5	–	3	5	–	6
Jacksonville	4	–	3	5	–	5
Campbell	3	–	4	5	–	5
Morehead State	3	–	5	4	–	7
Valparaiso	3	–	5	4	–	7
Butler	2	–	6	4	–	7
Stetson	2	–	6	4	–	7
Davidson	0	–	8	2	–	9

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Southern Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 10 The Citadel $^	8	–	0	10	–	2
No. 9 Wofford ^	6	–	2	10	–	4
No. 13 Chattanooga ^	6	–	2	9	–	4
No. 23 Samford ^	5	–	3	7	–	5
Mercer	4	–	4	6	–	5
Furman	3	–	5	3	–	8
East Tennessee State	2	–	6	5	–	6
Western Carolina	1	–	7	2	–	9
VMI	1	–	7	3	–	8

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 Southland Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 5 Sam Houston State $^	9	–	0	12	–	1
No. 14 Central Arkansas ^	8	–	1	10	–	3
SE Louisiana	7	–	2	7	–	4
McNeese State	5	–	4	6	–	5
Nicholls State	5	–	4	5	–	6
Stephen F. Austin	4	–	5	5	–	6
Houston Baptist	3	–	5	4	–	7
Incarnate Word *	3	–	6	3	–	8
Lamar	3	–	6	3	–	8
Abilene Christian *	2	–	7	2	–	9
Northwestern State	0	–	9	1	–	10

$ – Conference champion ^ – FCS playoff participant * – ineligible for FCS playoffs due to transition from NCAA Division II Rankings fromSTATS poll

2016 Southwestern Athletic Conference football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
East Division
Alcorn State xy	5	–	4	5	–	6
Alabama A&M	4	–	5	4	–	7
Alabama State	3	–	6	4	–	7
Jackson State	3	–	6	3	–	8
Mississippi Valley State	1	–	8	1	–	10
West Division
No. 16 Grambling State xy$	9	–	0	12	–	1
Southern *	8	–	1	8	–	3
Prairie View A&M	7	–	2	7	–	4
Texas Southern	4	–	5	4	–	7
Arkansas–Pine Bluff	1	–	8	1	–	10
Championship:Grambling State 27, Alcorn State 20
$ – Conference champion x – Division champion/co-champions y – Championship game participant * – ineligible for postseason due to APR violations Rankings fromSTATS Poll

2016 NCAA Division I FCS independents football standings
v t e
Team	W		L	W		L
No. 18 Coastal Carolina		–		10	–	2

Coastal Carolina ineligible for FCS playoffs as part of FBS transition Rankings fromSTATS Poll

Conference summaries

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Championship games

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Conference	Champion	Runner-up	Score	Offensive Player of the Year	Defensive Player of the Year	Coach of the Year
SWAC	Grambling State 11–1 (9–0)	Alcorn State 5–6 (5–4)	27–20	Devante Kincade (Grambling State)	Tiger Donovan McCray (Grambling State)	Broderick Fobbs (Grambling State)

Other conference winners

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Note: Records are regular-season only, and do not include playoff games.

Conference	Champion	Record	Offensive Player of the Year	Defensive Player of the Year	Coach of the Year
Big Sky	Eastern Washington North Dakota	10–1 (8–0) 9–2 (8–0)	Gage Gubrud (Eastern Washington) Cooper Kupp (Eastern Washington)	Cole Reyes (North Dakota)	Bubba Schweigert (North Dakota)
Big South	Charleston Southern Liberty	7–3 (4–1) 6–5 (4–1)	Tyrell Maxwell (Gardner–Webb)	Anthony Ellis (Charleston Southern)	Jamey Chadwell (Charleston Southern)
CAA	James Madison	10–1 (8–0)	Bryan Schor (James Madison)	Tanoh Kpassagnon (Villanova)	Mike Houston (James Madison)
Ivy	Penn Princeton	7–3 (6–1) 8–2 (6–1)	John Lovett (Princeton)	Folarin Orimolade (Dartmouth)	Bob Surace (Princeton)
MEAC	North Carolina Central	9–2 (8–0)	Tarik Cohen (North Carolina A&T)	Shaquille Leonard (South Carolina State)	Jerry Mack (North Carolina Central)
MVFC	North Dakota State South Dakota State	10–1 (7–1) 8–3 (7–1)	Taryn Christion (South Dakota State)	Karter Schult (Northern Iowa)	John Stiegelmeier (South Dakota State)
NEC	Duquesne Saint Francis (PA)	8–3 (5–1) 7–4 (5–1)	Kamron Lewis (Saint Francis)	Christian Kuntz (Duquesne)	Chris Villarrial (Saint Francis)
OVC	Jacksonville State	10–1 (7–0)	Eli Jenkins (Jacksonville State)	Darius Jackson (Jacksonville State)	John Grass (Jacksonville State)
Patriot	Lehigh	9–2 (6–0)	Nick Shafnisky (Lehigh)	Pat Afriyie (Colgate)	Andy Coen (Lehigh)
Pioneer	San Diego	9–1 (8–0)	Jonah Hodges (San Diego)	Donald Payne (Stetson)	Dale Lindsey (San Diego)
Southern	The Citadel	10–1 (8–0)	Devlin Hodges (Samford)	Keionta Davis (Chattanooga)	Brent Thompson (The Citadel)
Southland	Sam Houston State	11–0 (9–0)	Overall:Jeremiah Briscoe (Sam Houston State) Offensive: Yedidiah Louis (Sam Houston State)	P. J. Hall (Sam Houston State)	K. C. Keeler (Sam Houston State)

Playoff qualifiers

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Automatic berths for conference champions

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Conference	Team	Appearance	Last bid	Result
Big Sky Conference	Eastern Washington	12th	2014	Quarterfinals (L –Illinois State)
Big South Conference	Charleston Southern	2nd	2015	Quarterfinals (L –Jacksonville State)
Colonial Athletic Association	James Madison	13th	2015	National Champions (W – Youngstown State)
Missouri Valley Football Conference	South Dakota State	6th	2015	First Round (L –Montana)
Northeast Conference	Saint Francis (PA)	1st	–	–
Ohio Valley Conference	Jacksonville State	7th	2015	Championship Game (L –North Dakota State)
Patriot League	Lehigh	10th	2011	Quarterfinals (L –North Dakota State)
Pioneer Football League	San Diego	2nd	2014	First Round (L –Montana)
Southern Conference	The Citadel	5th	2015	Second Round (L –Charleston Southern)
Southland Conference	Sam Houston State	10th	2015	Semifinals (L –Jacksonville State)

At large qualifiers

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Conference	Team	Appearance	Last bid	Result
Big Sky Conference	Cal Poly	4th	2012	Second Round (L –Sam Houston State)
	North Dakota	1st	–	–
	Weber State	5th	2009	First Round (L –William & Mary)
Big South Conference	None
Colonial Athletic Association	New Hampshire	15th	2015	First Round (L –Colgate)
	Richmond	11th	2015	Semifinals (L –North Dakota State)
	Villanova	11th	2014	Quarterfinals (L –Sam Houston State)
Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference	North Carolina A&T	5th	2003	First Round (L –Wofford)
Missouri Valley Football Conference	Illinois State	7th	2015	Quarterfinals (L –Richmond)
	North Dakota State	7th	2015	Semifinals (L -James Madison)
	Youngstown State	14th	2006	Semifinals (L –Appalachian State)
Northeast Conference	None
Ohio Valley Conference	None
Patriot League	None
Pioneer Football League	None
Southern Conference	Chattanooga	4th	2015	Second Round (L –Jacksonville State)
	Samford	6th	2013	First Round (L –Jacksonville State)
	Wofford	6th	2012	Quarterfinals (L –North Dakota State)
Southland Conference	Central Arkansas	3rd	2012	Second Round (L –Georgia Southern)
Southwestern Athletic Conference	None

Abstentions

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Postseason

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Bowl game

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Game	Date/TV	Location	Winning Team	Losing Team	Score	Offensive MVP	Defensive MVP
Celebration Bowl	December 17 ABC	Georgia Dome Atlanta,Georgia	Grambling State 12–1 (9–0)	North Carolina Central 9–3 (8–0)	10–9	Martez Carter (RB, Grambling State)	Jameel Jackson (DB, Grambling State)

NCAA Division I playoff bracket

[edit]

First round November 26 Campus sites ESPN3		Second round December 3 Campus sites ESPN3			Quarterfinals December 9 and 10 Campus sites ESPN,ESPN2, ESPN3			Semifinals December 16 and 17 Campus sites ESPN2,ESPNU			National Championship January 7 12:00 pm Toyota Stadium,Frisco, Texas ESPN2

		1	North Dakota State*	45
Cal Poly*	21		San Diego	7
San Diego	35				1	North Dakota State*	36
					8	South Dakota State	10
		8	South Dakota State*	10
Villanova*	31		Villanova	7
Saint Francis (PA)	21							1	North Dakota State*	17
								4	James Madison	27
		4	James Madison*	55
New Hampshire*	64		New Hampshire	22
Lehigh	21				4	James Madison*	65
					5	Sam Houston State	7
		5	Sam Houston State*	41
Chattanooga*	45		Chattanooga	36
Weber State	14										4	James Madison	28
												Youngstown State	14
		2	Eastern Washington*	31
Central Arkansas*	31		Central Arkansas	14
Illinois State	24				2	Eastern Washington*	38
						Richmond	0
		7	North Dakota*	24
Richmond*	39		Richmond	27
North Carolina A&T	10							2	Eastern Washington*	38
									Youngstown State	40
		3	Jacksonville State*	24
Youngstown State*	38		Youngstown State	40
Samford	24					Youngstown State*	30
						Wofford	23
		6	The Citadel*	3
Wofford*	15		Wofford	17
Charleston Southern	14

* Home team
Winner
All times inEastern Standard Time (UTC−05:00)

Awards and honors

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Walter Payton Award

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TheWalter Payton Award is given to the year's most outstanding offensive player. Finalists:
- Jeremiah Briscoe (QB),Sam Houston State
- Gage Gubrud (QB),Eastern Washington
- Cooper Kupp (WR), Eastern Washington

Buck Buchanan Award

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TheBuck Buchanan Award is given to the year's most outstanding defensive player. Finalists:
- Dylan Cole (LB),Missouri State
- P. J. Hall (DE), Sam Houston State
- Karter Schult (DE),Northern Iowa

Jerry Rice Award

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TheJerry Rice Award is given to the year's most outstanding freshman.
- Winner:A. J. Hines (RB),Duquesne

Coaches

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AFCA Coach of the Year:Mike Houston, James Madison
Eddie Robinson Award:K. C. Keeler, Sam Houston State

Updated stadiums

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South Dakota State debutedDana J. Dykhouse Stadium (capacity 19,340).
New Hampshire debuted a major renovation of the renamedWildcat Stadium, expanded to just over 11,000 from the previous capacity of 6,500.
William & Mary also debuted a major renovation and expansion to itsZable Stadium, which the saw the addition of an upper deck and an increase in capacity to 12,259.
Prairie View A&M opened its newPanther Stadium (capacity 15,000).^[7]^[8]

Coaching changes

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In-season

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This is restricted to coaching changes that took place on or after May 1, 2016. For coaching changes that occurred earlier in 2016, see2015 NCAA Division I FCS end-of-season coaching changes.

School	Outgoing coach	Date	Reason	Replacement
Delaware	Dave Brock	October 16	Fired^[9]	Dennis Dottin-Carter (interim)

End of season

[edit]

School	Outgoing coach	Date	Reason	Replacement
Abilene Christian	Ken Collums	November 20	Fired	Mark Ribaudo (interim)
Howard	Gary Harrell	November 20	Contract was not renewed	Mike London^[10]
Presbyterian	Harold Nichols	November 20	Resigned	Tommy Spangler
UC Davis	Ron Gould	November 20	Fired	Dan Hawkins
Lamar	Ray Woodard	November 21	Fired	Mike Schultz
Bryant	Marty Fine	November 30	Resigned	James Perry
Lafayette	Frank Tavani	December 1	Fired	John Garrett
Furman	Bruce Fowler	December 2	Resigned	Clay Hendrix
Villanova	Andy Talley	December 3	Retired	Mark Ferrante^[11]
Delaware	Dennis Dottin-Carter (interim)	December 13	Permanent replacement	Danny Rocco^[12]
Richmond	Danny Rocco	December 13	Hired by Delaware	Russ Huesman^[13]
Chattanooga	Russ Huesman	December 14	Hired by Richmond	Tom Arth
Indiana State	Mike Sanford	December 16	Resigned	Curt Mallory
Abilene Christian	Mark Ribaudo (interim)	December 18	Permanent replacement	Adam Dorrel
Eastern Washington	Beau Baldwin	January 16	Hired as OC atCalifornia	Aaron Best

Rule changes

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The following rule changes were recommended by the NCAA Football Rules Committee for the 2022 season:^[14]

When players are disqualified for a targeting call in the second half or in overtime (which requires a carryover penalty of sitting out the first half of the next scheduled game), an appeals process will be available to allow the National Coordinator of Officials (currently Steve Shaw) to review tapes of the targeting penalty for consideration of not requiring the player to sit out the first half of the following game.
Injury timeouts awarded due to "deceptive actions" during a game will also be able to reviewed by the National Coordinator of Officials to determine what sanctions, if any, against teams who use this tactic, enforced at the conference or school level.
Blocking below the waist will only be permitted inside the tackle box by linemen and stationary backs. Blocks below the waist outside of the tackle box are not allowed.
Defensive holding will remain a 10-yard penalty but will always carry an automatic first down.
Codifying the rule change made shortly after the2021 ACC Championship Game, ball carriers who simulate a feet-first slide will be declared down at that spot.
Uniform rules would require the sock/leg covering to go from the shoe to the bottom of the pants, similar to the NFL rule.

Attendances

[edit]

The top 10 NCAA Division I FCS football teams by average home attendance in 2016:

#	College football team	Average attendance^[15]
1	Montana Grizzlies	25,377
2	James Madison Dukes	19,844
3	Florida A&M Rattlers	19,710
4	Jackson State Tigers	19,660
5	North Dakota State Bison	18,556
6	Montana State Bobcats	17,907
7	Jacksonville State Gamecocks	17,576
8	Delaware Fightin’ Blue Hens	16,478
9	Liberty Flames	16,377
10	Grambling State Tigers	16,355

References

[edit]

^"Sun Belt Football to Be 10 Teams in 2018" (Press release). Sun Belt Conference. March 1, 2016. RetrievedMarch 3, 2016.
^"UI Moving Football to Big Sky Conference" (Press release).University of Idaho Office of the President. April 28, 2016. RetrievedMay 1, 2016.
^Dodd, Dennis (April 27, 2016)."Idaho will become first team to drop from FBS to FCS in 2018".CBSSports.com. Archived fromthe original on April 30, 2016. RetrievedApril 30, 2016.
^"ETSU, WCU to Play at Bristol Motor Speedway" (Press release).Southern Conference. January 29, 2016. RetrievedMarch 15, 2016.
^"Joe Thomas Sr., 55, becomes oldest D-I football player ever to take field".Sports Illustrated. November 19, 2016. RetrievedNovember 20, 2016.
^"2016 College Football Rankings – Week 4".ESPN.com. September 18, 2016.Archived from the original on September 24, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 24, 2016.
^"New Stadium, Pair of FBS Opponents Highlight 2016 Football Schedule". Prairie View A&M University Athletics. February 4, 2016. RetrievedJune 23, 2016.
^"The New Look Panther Stadium". Prairie View A&M University Athletics. RetrievedJune 23, 2016.
^"University of Delaware Athletics Announces Changes in Coaching Staff".Delaware Athletics. RetrievedOctober 16, 2016.
^"Mike London leaving Maryland to become Howard head coach".
^"SDSU slips past 'Nova to end Talley's career".ESPN. RetrievedDecember 11, 2016.
^"Delaware 'closer to home' for new football coach Rocco".Delaware Online. RetrievedDecember 13, 2016.
^"Huesman Named Head Coach Of Spiders Football".RichmondsSpiders.com. RetrievedDecember 14, 2016.
^"Appeals Process Proposed for Football Players called for targeting" (Press release). NCAA. March 4, 2022. RetrievedMarch 4, 2022.
^https://footballscoop.com/2025/03/04/ncaa-football-attendance-2016

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