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2015 Tour de France

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Cycling race
2015 Tour de France
2015 UCI World Tour, race 18 of 28
Map of France showing the path of the race going counter-clockwise starting in the Netherlands, going through Belgium, then around France.
Route of the 2015 Tour de France
Race details
Dates4–26 July 2015
Stages21
Distance3,360.3 km (2,088 mi)
Winning time84h 46' 14"
Results
Winner Chris Froome (GBR)(Team Sky)
 Second Nairo Quintana (COL)(Movistar Team)
 Third Alejandro Valverde (ESP)(Movistar Team)

Points Peter Sagan (SVK)(Tinkoff–Saxo)
Mountains Chris Froome (GBR)(Team Sky)
Youth Nairo Quintana (COL)(Movistar Team)
Combativity Romain Bardet (FRA)(AG2R La Mondiale)
TeamSpainMovistar Team
← 2014
2016 →

The2015 Tour de France was the 102nd edition of theTour de France, one of cycling'sGrand Tours. The 3,360.3 km (2,088 mi)-long race consisted of 21stages, starting on 4 July inUtrecht, the Netherlands, and concluding on 26 July with theChamps-Élysées stage in Paris. A total of 198 riders from 22teams entered the race. The overallgeneral classification was won byChris Froome ofTeam Sky, with the second and third places taken byMovistar Team ridersNairo Quintana andAlejandro Valverde, respectively.

BMC Racing Team'sRohan Dennis won the first stage to take the general classification leader's yellow jersey.Trek Factory Racing riderFabian Cancellara claimed it on the second, only to lose it after crashing out on the following stage. This put Froome in the lead, after the Tour's first uphill finish. He lost the position toEtixx–Quick-Step'sTony Martin at the end of the fourth stage, but Martin's withdrawal from the race after a crash at the end of the sixth stage put Froome back into the lead. He extended this lead during the stages in thePyrenees and defended it successfully against attacks from Quintana during the final stages that took place in theAlps.

Froome became the first British rider to win the Tour twice, after his2013 victory.Peter Sagan ofTinkoff–Saxo won thepoints classification. Froome also won themountains classification. The bestyoung rider was Quintana, with his team, Movistar, the winners of theteam classification.Romain Bardet ofAG2R La Mondiale was given the award for the mostcombative rider.André Greipel (Lotto–Soudal) won the most stages, with four.

Teams

[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, seeList of teams and cyclists in the 2015 Tour de France.
Two dark-skinned men riding bicycles.
MTN–Qhubeka'sEritrean ridersDaniel Teklehaimanot andMerhawi Kudus, seen here on stage nineteen, became the firstblack Africans to compete in theTour de France.

Twenty-twoteams participated in the 2015 edition of the Tour de France.[1] The race was the 18th of the 28 events in theUCI World Tour,[2] and all of its seventeenUCI WorldTeams were automatically invited, and obliged, to attend the race.[3] On 14 January 2015, the organiser of the Tour,Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), announced the five second-tierUCI Professional Continental teams givenwildcard invitations,[4] one of which,MTN–Qhubeka, was to become the first African-registered trade team to participate in the race's history.[5][a] The team presentation – where the members of each team's roster are introduced in front of the media and local dignitaries – took place at Lepelenburg Park inUtrecht, the Netherlands, on 2 July, two days before the openingstage held in the city. Each team arrived in small boats along theOudegracht canal.[6]

Each squad was allowed a maximum of nine riders, therefore the start list contained a total of 198 riders.[7] Of these, 45 were riding the Tour de France for the first time.[8] The riders came from 32 countries; France, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Australia, Germany, Great Britain and Switzerland all had 10 or more riders in the race.[7]Eritrean ridersDaniel Teklehaimanot andMerhawi Kudus, both of MTN–Qhubeka, became the firstblack Africans to compete in theTour de France.[9] Riders from nine countries won stages during the race; German riders won the largest number of stages, with six.[10] The average age of riders in the race was 29.67 years, ranging from the 21-year-old Kudus to 41-year-oldMatteo Tosatto (Tinkoff–Saxo).[11] Of the total average ages,Cofidis was the youngest team andTrek Factory Racing the oldest.[12]

The teams entering the race were:[1]

UCI WorldTeams

UCI Professional Continental teams

Pre-race favourites

[edit]
A photograph of Chris Froome.
A photograph of Alberto Contador.
A photograph of Nairo Quintana.
A photograph of Vincenzo Nibali.
The 'big four'general classification favourites. Left-to-right from upper left:Chris Froome,Alberto Contador,Nairo Quintana andVincenzo Nibali.

In the lead up to the Tour, the main contenders for thegeneral classification, known in the media as the 'big four', wereChris Froome (Team Sky),Alberto Contador (Tinkoff–Saxo),Nairo Quintana (Movistar Team) andVincenzo Nibali (Astana).[13][14][15][16][17] All had won at least oneGrand Tour, amassing a total of twenty Grand Tour podiums.[18] Former Tour de France winners Froome (2013) and Contador (2007 and2009) returned to the race having crashed out of the2014 edition.[16][18] The other riders considered contenders wereTejay van Garderen (BMC Racing Team),Thibaut Pinot (FDJ),Joaquim Rodríguez (Team Katusha), followed by AG2R La Mondiale'sJean-Christophe Péraud andRomain Bardet.[13][15][17][19][20]

Froome had shown his form during the season with overall victories at theVuelta a Andalucía and theCritérium du Dauphiné,[18] a race considered to be the warm-up for the Tour.[21] Contador had earlier in the season won theGiro d'Italia and was aiming to become the first rider sinceMarco Pantani in1998 to achieve theGiro-Tour double. He was also aiming to hold all three Grand Tour titles simultaneously, having won the2014 Vuelta a España.[22] Thirteen days before the start of the Tour, Contador won theRoute du Sud, defeating Quintana by seventeen seconds.[23] Quintana placed second in the 2013 Tour, winning themountains andyoung rider classifications.[24] He was absent in 2014 as he concentrated on theGiro d'Italia, which he won.[18] His major victory of the 2015 season was theTirreno–Adriatico.[24] The defending champion Nibali was considered a contender, although his best result of the season was tenth in theTour de Romandie, and placed thirteenth at the Dauphiné.[25]

Thesprinters considered favourites for thepoints classification and wins on the flat or hillybunch sprint finishes wereAlexander Kristoff (Team Katusha),Mark Cavendish (Etixx–Quick-Step),André Greipel (Lotto–Soudal),Peter Sagan (Tinkoff–Saxo) andJohn Degenkolb (Team Giant–Alpecin).[26][27][28][29][30][31] Kristoff and Cavendish both showed their form during the season coming into the Tour, with eighteen and twelve wins, respectively.[26] Greipel was also a contender, spearheaded by hissprint train, much like Cavendish.[29] Three-time consecutive winner of the points classification Sagan was expected to have a hard time repeating as winner due to the changes in the classification's point structure and also due to the fact he had to ride in support of Contador.[32] Degenkolb, who won the one-dayclassic racesMilan–San Remo andParis–Roubaix in the season, would take the lead of the Team Giant–Alpecin team due to the absence of the 2014 Tour's four-stage winnerMarcel Kittel,[33] who was not selected due to lack of fitness.[34]

Route and stages

[edit]
A mountain road switching back on itself.
Stage twenty, the penultimate stage, concluded with the 13.8 km (8.6 mi) ascent of theAlpe d'Huez; it has an average gradient of 7.9% and features twenty-onehairpin turns.[35]

On 8 November 2013, the ASO announced Utrecht would host the 2015 edition's opening stages (known as theGrand Départ).[36][37] It was the sixth time the Tour had started in the Netherlands, a record for a country outside France. The previous five were:1954, inAmsterdam;1973, inScheveningen;1978, inLeiden;1996, in's-Hertogenbosch; and2010, inRotterdam.[38] Utrecht paid the ASO a reported4m to host theGrand Départ.[39] The full route of the Tour was unveiled on 22 October 2014 at thePalais des Congrès in Paris. At the event, the race directorChristian Prudhomme described it as "atypique" (English: "atypical"), adding "If you do not climb, you will not win the Tour in 2015." The most noticeable differences were the lack of time trial kilometres and the mountainous terrain.[40]

After the first stage in Utrecht, the second stage left the city to finish in the region ofZeeland in the south of the Netherlands. The third began inAntwerp, Belgium, and concluded at theMur de Huy,[41] a steep climb known for its inclusion in the one-day classic raceLa Flèche Wallonne.[42] Stage four started inSeraing, before ending inCambrai, France;[41] it featured sevencobbled sectors with a combined distance of 13 km (8.1 mi).[43] Stages five to nine crossed northern France westwards, beginning in the region ofNord-Pas-de-Calais and ending inBrittany. A long transfer took the race to the south of the country for next three stages through thePyrenees,[41] which include the Tour's most climbed mountain, theCol du Tourmalet, on stage eleven.[44] Stages 13 to 16 formed a continuous four-stage journey that navigated eastwards to theAlps; four stages took place in and around the mountain range. A second long transfer took the Tour back to the north-east to finish with theChamps-Élysées stage in Paris.[41]

There were 21 stages in the race, covering a total distance of 3,360.3 km (2,088 mi), 298.7 km (185.6 mi) shorter than the 2014 Tour.[45][46] The longestmass-start stage was the fourth at 223.5 km (139 mi), and stage 21 was the shortest at 110.5 km (69 mi).[41] The opening individual time trial was 13.8 km (8.6 mi) – although it was too long to be classified aprologue – and theteam time trial on stage 9 was 28 km (17.4 mi).[17][41] Of the remaining stages, seven were officially classified as flat, five as medium mountain and seven as high mountain.[41][47] Stages 3 and 8, although classified as flat, finished at the 204 m (669 ft)-high Mur de Huy and 293 m (961 ft)-highMûr-de-Bretagne respectively. There were six summit finishes: stage 10, to La Pierre Saint-Martin; stage 11, toCauterets; stage 12, toPlateau de Beille; stage 17, toPra-Loup; stage 19, toLa Toussuire toLes Sybelles; and stage 20, toAlpe d'Huez.[41][48] On 25 June, it was announced that due to alandslide, the route of stage twenty would be changed, bypassing theCol du Galibier and instead climbing theCol de la Croix de Fer. The stage distance, however, remained intact.[49] Thehighest point of elevation in the race was the 2,250 m (7,380 ft)-highCol d'Allos mountain pass on stage seventeen.[48] There were sevenhors catégorie (English: beyond category) rated climbs in the race.[48][50] The Tour included six new start or finish locations. The rest days were after stage 9, inPau, and after 16, inGap.[41]

Stage characteristics and winners[41][50][51]
StageDateCourseDistanceTypeWinner
14 JulyUtrecht (Netherlands)13.8 km (8.6 mi)Individual time trial Rohan Dennis (AUS)
25 JulyUtrecht (Netherlands) toZeeland[b] (Netherlands)166 km (103 mi)Flat stage André Greipel (GER)
36 JulyAntwerp (Belgium) toHuy (Belgium)159.5 km (99 mi)Medium mountain stage Joaquim Rodríguez (ESP)
47 JulySeraing (Belgium) toCambrai223.5 km (139 mi)Medium mountain stage Tony Martin (GER)
58 JulyArras toAmiens189.5 km (118 mi)Flat stage André Greipel (GER)
69 JulyAbbeville toLe Havre191.5 km (119 mi)Flat stage Zdeněk Štybar (CZE)
710 JulyLivarot toFougères190.5 km (118 mi)Flat stage Mark Cavendish (GBR)
811 JulyRennes toMûr-de-Bretagne181.5 km (113 mi)Medium mountain stage Alexis Vuillermoz (FRA)
912 JulyVannes toPlumelec28 km (17 mi)Team time trial BMC Racing Team
13 JulyPauRest day
1014 JulyTarbes toLa Pierre Saint-Martin167 km (104 mi)Medium mountain stage Chris Froome (GBR)
1115 JulyPau toCauterets188 km (117 mi)High mountain stage Rafał Majka (POL)
1216 JulyLannemezan toPlateau de Beille195 km (121 mi)High mountain stage Joaquim Rodríguez (ESP)
1317 JulyMuret toRodez198.5 km (123 mi)Medium mountain stage Greg Van Avermaet (BEL)
1418 JulyRodez toMende178.5 km (111 mi)Medium mountain stage Steve Cummings (GBR)
1519 JulyMende toValence183 km (114 mi)Flat stage André Greipel (GER)
1620 JulyBourg-de-Péage toGap201 km (125 mi)Medium mountain stage Rubén Plaza Molina (ESP)
21 JulyGapRest day
1722 JulyDigne-les-Bains toPra-Loup161 km (100 mi)High mountain stage Simon Geschke (GER)
1823 JulyGap toSaint-Jean-de-Maurienne186.5 km (116 mi)High mountain stage Romain Bardet (FRA)
1924 JulySaint-Jean-de-Maurienne toLa ToussuireLes Sybelles138 km (86 mi)High mountain stage Vincenzo Nibali (ITA)
2025 JulyModane toAlpe d'Huez110.5 km (69 mi)High mountain stage Thibaut Pinot (FRA)
2126 JulySèvres to Paris (Champs-Élysées)109.5 km (68 mi)Flat stage André Greipel (GER)
Total3,360.3 km (2,088 mi)[45]

Race overview

[edit]
Main articles:2015 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 11 and2015 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 21

Grand Départ and journey west

[edit]
A man wearing a yellow jersey with his arms aloft.
Tony Martin (Etixx–Quick-Step) waited until stage four to wear the race leader'syellow jersey after he placed second overall after each of the opening three stages. He crashed out of the Tour on stage six.

The race's opening individual time trial stage in Utrecht was won byRohan Dennis of BMC Racing Team by a margin of five seconds over Etixx–Quick-Step'sTony Martin, with Trek Factory Racing'sFabian Cancellara a further second down. Dennis set the record for the fastest average speed in a time trial at the Tour, with 55.446 km/h (34.5 mph). His win put him in the race leader's yellowjersey.[52] On stage two, crosswinds along the coastal route to the finish in Zeeland caused thepeloton (the main group) to split intoechelons, resulting in time gaps between riders. The stage ended in a bunch sprint, won by André Greipel, putting him in the green jersey as the leader of the points classification. Dennis was in a group that finished one minute twenty-eight seconds in arrears. Cancellara finished third placed in the stage and took the race lead, profiting from a time bonus missed by Martin, who came in ninth. The general classification favourites that gained time from being in the leading group of twenty-six were Chris Froome, Alberto Contador and Tejay van Garderen; the other favourites finished in the same group as Dennis.[53] On the third stage, the race was neutralised following a major crash 58 km (36 mi) from the finish which put six of riders out of the race, including Cancellara.[54][55] The peloton continued to the final climb, the Mur de Huy, where Joaquim Rodríguez held off Froome to take the stage by one second. Rodríguez was awarded the first thepolka dot jersey as the leader of the mountains classification and Froome took the yellow, while also gaining time over the other general classification favourites.[54] It was the third day in succession Martin ended in second place overall, and to three different riders.[56] The partially cobbled fourth stage saw Martin take the victory and the yellow jersey with anattack on the lead group 3 km (1.9 mi) from the finish in Cambrai.[56]

On the fifth stage, a bunch sprint occurred and Greipel got the better of it by beating Peter Sagan and Mark Cavendish, respectively.[57] In the sixth stage,Zdeněk Štybar of Etixx–Quick-Step won after escaping on the concluding small ascent in the port city ofLe Havre.[58] A crash in the final kilometre forced Martin to abandon the Tour with abroken collarbone, the second yellow jersey wearer to surrender after Cancellara.[55] A record was set after the stage, withDaniel Teklehaimanot becoming the first black African to lead the mountains classification.[59] Although Froome now led the race, no rider wore the yellow jersey on stage seven as Martin had finished the stage and earned the right to wear it.[60] Cavendish won the seventh from a bunch sprint inFougères, Brittany. Froome was awarded the yellow jersey after the stage.[61] Stage eight, finishing atop the Mûr-de-Bretagne, saw the first French victory of the Tour, with AG2R La Mondiale riderAlexis Vuillermoz launching an attack inside the final kilometre to take the victory.[62] The general classification favourites finished together except Vincenzo Nibali who lost ten seconds. Sagan moved into the green jersey.[63] BMC Racing Team won stage nine's team time trial by one second over Team Sky.[64] The squad of Nairo Quintana, Movistar Team, came in third, four seconds in arrears. Alberto Contador's Tinkoff–Saxo in fourth, twenty-eight seconds down, and Nibali's Astana following, a further seven seconds behind.[65] The first rest day took place the following day in Pau.[41]

Pyrenees and Massif Central

[edit]
A group of cyclists riding up an incline being led by one wearing a green jersey.
Tinkoff–Saxo'sPeter Sagan(pictured in stage nineteen) held the green jersey from the end of stage eleven to the end of the Tour, claiming his fourth consecutivepoints classification title.

Stage ten was the race's first arrival at altitude with the finish at La Pierre Saint-Martin in the Pyrenees. The day'sbreakaway was caught and passed on the final climb by a select group. Froome attacked with 6.4 km (4 mi) remaining to take the win, with teammateRichie Porte and Quintana a minute in arrears. The stage saw time gaps open up across the general classification leaders. The biggest loser was Nibali, who came in twenty-first, over four minutes behind Froome, who increased his lead to second placed Tejay van Garderen to two minutes and fifty-two seconds. Froome took the polka dot jersey and Greipel the green.[66] Stage eleven was another mountainous stage; it was won byRafał Majka (Tinkoff–Saxo), who was part of the early breakaway and attacked on the slopes of the Col du Tourmalet. He soloed across the line in Cauterets one minute ahead of second-placedDan Martin (Cannondale–Garmin). The green jersey returned to Sagan.[67] Rodríguez gained his second victory of the race on stage twelve; he was part of an early twenty-two rider breakaway that reached the final climb to Plateau de Beille. Froome kept his lead intact.[68]

Stage thirteen saw the escapees being brought inside the one kilometre to go marker (known as theflamme rouge).Greg Van Avermaet of BMC Racing Team took the uphill victory ahead of the chasing Sagan.[69] On stage fourteen, a twenty-four rider breakaway reached the final climb, the Côte de la Croix Neuve. After the breakaway had fractured, Thibaut Pinot and Romain Bardet led over the summit, beforeSteve Cummings of MTN–Qhubeka overtook them to take the victory at Brenoux Airport on the plateau above Mende.[70] Sagan was part of the breakaway, amassing maximum points at the intermediate sprint. Over four minutes after Cummings had finished, Froome outsprinted Quintana while the other general classification favourites were slightly distanced. Quintana moved into second place overall, displacing Van Garderen.[71] Stage fifteen had for principal difficulty theCol de l'Escrinet climb, which saw most of the sprinters succeeding at passing the climb in the lead group, with the notable exception of Cavendish. Greipel won his third stage of the Tour, followed by John Degenkolb and Alexander Kristoff, respectively.[72] On the next stage, featuring theCol de Manse as the final climb,Rubén Plaza (Lampre–Merida) escaped the leading group of breakaway riders on the ascent. Sagan chased him down the descent, but to no avail as Plaza soloed to victory in Gap.[73] The next day was the second rest day, spent in Gap.[41]

Alps and finale

[edit]
A group of cyclists riding up an incline being led by a one wearing a yellow jersey.
Team Sky'sChris Froome(pictured in stage nineteen) held the yellow jersey from the end of the seventh stage to the final stage, claiming his secondTour de France victory.

Stage seventeen, the first of four Alpine stages, saw third placed overall Van Garderen withdraw from the race with illness.[74] The stage was won by Team Giant–Alpecin'sSimon Geschke, who escaped from the breakaway with under 50 km (31 mi) remaining to win in Pra-Loup.[75] Fifth placed overall Contador crashed on the descent of the Col d'Allos, losing over two minutes to race leader Froome.[76] On stage eighteen, Bardet attacked the breakaway close to the summit of theCol du Glandon and opened a gap on descent before riding solo to victory inSaint-Jean-de-Maurienne. Bardet moved up to tenth overall and became joint first with Rodríguez in the mountains classification, displacing Froome.[77] In the Tour'squeen stage, nineteenth,[78] Nibali broke away from the general classification group close to the summit of the Col de la Croix de Fer to bridge and pass the breakaway group and win at La Toussuire - Les Sybelles. Quintana came in second, forty-four seconds later, with Froome coming in a further thirty.[79] In the Tour's penultimate stage, a select group of riders attacked on the Col de la Croix de Fer and made it to the finish on Alpe d'Huez, where they met the disintegrate early breakaway. Pinot attacked passed the breakaways to take the victory ahead of the encroaching Quintana, who came in second after attacking the chasing general classification group on the Alpe. Quintana gained a margin of eighty seconds over Froome, but it was not enough and had to settle for second place overall.[80]

The final stage in Paris was won by Greipel, his fourth victory of this year's Tour.[81] Froome finished the race to claim his second Tour de France, becoming the first British rider to win the race on two occasions. He beat second-placed Quintana by seventy-two seconds, with his Movistar Team teammateAlejandro Valverde third. Froome also claimed the mountains classification, the first time a rider had won both sinceEddy Merckx in1970.[82] Although he failed to win any stages during the race, Sagan won his fourth consecutive points classification with a total of 432, 66 ahead of Greipel in second.[83][84] The best young rider was Quintana, followed by Bardet and Team Giant–Alpecin'sWarren Barguil, respectively. Movistar Team finished as the winners of theteam classification, over fifty-seven minutes ahead of second-placed Team Sky. Of the 198 starters, 160 reached the finish of the last stage in Paris.[83]

Classification leadership and minor prizes

[edit]

There were four main individual classifications contested in the 2015 Tour de France, as well as a team competition. The most important was the general classification, which was calculated by adding each rider's finishing times on each stage.[47] Time bonuses (time subtracted) returned to the Tour for the first time since the2008 edition.[85] For all stage finishes, excluding the two time trial stages, the three first finishers of stages earned bonuses of 10, 6 and 4 seconds respectively.[86] Of the reintroduction, race director Christian Prudhomme said: "We want to open up the race, we want the race to be decided on any day of the Tour."[85] If a crash had happened within the final 3 km (1.9 mi) of a stage, not including time trials and summit finishes, the riders involved would have received the same time as the group they were in when the crash occurred.[87] The rider with the lowest cumulative time was the winner of the general classification and was considered the overall winner of the Tour.[47] The rider leading the classification wore a yellow jersey.[88] Rain on the final stage forced the final times of the general classification to be taken on the first crossing of the finish line before the ten laps of the cobbledChamps-Élysées. Riders were required to cross the finish line on the final lap to receive their times.[89]

Points classification points for the top 15 positions by type[47]
Type123456789101112131415
Flat stage50302018161412108765432
Medium mountain stage30252219171513119
High mountain stage201715131110987654321
Individual time trial
Intermediate sprint

The second classification was the points classification. Riders received points for finishing among the highest placed in a stage finish, or inintermediate sprints during the stage.[47] The points system was also changed. A stage win was worth 50 points instead of 45, second place awarded 30 instead of 35 and third 20 instead of 30. The sprint points rule change aimed to make a stage win more valuable.[85] The points available for each stage finish were determined by the stage's type.[47] The new system was in effect only on the Tour's six stages classified as flat (stages 2, 5, 6, 7, 15 and 21). On seven stages (the cobble stage and six hillier stages, namely stages 3, 4, 8, 10, 13, 14 and 16) the rider who won received 30 points, 25 for the second rider, and so on.[47][90] For the mountain stages (stages 11, 12, 17, 18, 19, 20) and the individual time trial (stage 1), the winner received 20 points. No points were awarded for the team time trial on stage nine.[47] The leader was identified by a green jersey.[88]

The third classification was the mountains classification. Points were awarded to the riders that reached the summit of the most difficult climbs first. The climbs were categorised as fourth-, third-, second-, first-category andhors catégorie, with the more difficult climbs rated lower.[47] Double points were awarded on the summit finishes on stages 10, 12, 17, 19 and 20.[47] The leader wore a white jersey with red polka dots.[88]

The final individual classification was the young rider classification. This was calculated the same way as the general classification, but the classification was restricted to riders who were born on or after 1 January 1990.[47] The leader wore a white jersey.[88]

The final classification was a team classification. This was calculated using the finishing times of the best three riders per team on each stage, excluding the team time trial; the leading team was the team with the lowest cumulative time. The number of stage victories and placings per team determined the outcome of a tie.[47] The riders in the team that lead this classification were identified with yellow number bibs on the back of their jerseys and yellowhelmets.[88]

In addition, there was acombativity award given after each stage to the rider considered, by a jury, to have "made the greatest effort and who has demonstrated the best qualities of sportsmanship".[86] No combativity awards were given for the time trials and the final stage.[91] The winner wore a red number bib the following stage.[88] At the conclusion of the Tour, Romain Bardet won the overall super-combativity award,[83] again, decided by a jury.[86]

A total of €2,030,150 was awarded in cash prizes in the race. The overall winner of the general classification received €450,000, with the second and third placed riders got €200,000 and €100,000 respectively. All finishers of the race were awarded with money. The holders of the classifications benefited on each stage they led; the final winners of the points and mountains were given €25,000, while the best young rider and most combative rider got €20,000. Team prizes were available, with €10,000 for the winner of team time trial and €50,000 for the winners of the team classification. €8,000 was given to the winners of each stage of the race.[92] There were also two special awards each with a prize of €5000, theSouvenir Jacques Goddet, given to the first rider to passGoddet's memorial at the summit of the Col du Tourmalet in stage eleven, and theSouvenir Henri Desgrange, given in honour of Tour founderHenri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Galibier in stage twenty.[50][93] Due to a route change the Souvenir Henri Desgrange was replaced with the Col d'Allos in stage seventeen.[49] Rafał Majka won the Jacques Goddet and Simon Geschke won the Henri Desgrange.[67][75]

Classification leadership by stage[94][95]
StageWinnerGeneral classification
A yellow jersey.
Points classification
A green jersey.
Mountains classification
A white jersey with red polka dots.
Young rider classification
A white jersey.
Team classification
A white jersey with a yellow number bib.
Combativity award
A white jersey with a red number bib.
1Rohan DennisRohan DennisRohan Dennisno awardRohan DennisLottoNL–Jumbono award
2André GreipelFabian CancellaraAndré GreipelTom DumoulinBMC Racing TeamMichał Kwiatkowski
3Joaquim RodríguezChris FroomeJoaquim RodríguezPeter SaganJan Bárta
4Tony MartinTony MartinVincenzo Nibali
5André GreipelMichael Matthews
6Zdeněk ŠtybarDaniel TeklehaimanotPerrig Quéméneur
7Mark CavendishChris FroomeAnthony Delaplace
8Alexis VuillermozPeter SaganBartosz Huzarski
9BMC Racing Teamno award
10Chris FroomeAndré GreipelChris FroomeNairo QuintanaTeam SkyKenneth Vanbilsen
11Rafał MajkaPeter SaganDan Martin
12Joaquim RodríguezMovistar TeamMichał Kwiatkowski
13Greg Van AvermaetThomas De Gendt
14Steve CummingsPierre-Luc Périchon
15André GreipelPeter Sagan
16Rubén PlazaPeter Sagan
17Simon GeschkeSimon Geschke
18Romain BardetJoaquim RodríguezRomain Bardet
19Vincenzo NibaliRomain BardetPierre Rolland
20Thibaut PinotChris FroomeAlexandre Geniez
21André Greipelno award
FinalChris FroomePeter SaganChris FroomeNairo QuintanaMovistar TeamRomain Bardet
  • In stage two,Tony Martin, who was second in the points classification, wore the green jersey, because first placedRohan Dennis wore the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification. Additionally,Tom Dumoulin, who was second in the young rider classification, wore the white jersey for the same reason.[96]
  • In stage seven, no rider wore the yellow jersey after Tony Martin, who was first in the general classification, withdrew from the race due to injury.[60]
  • In stage nine,Warren Barguil, who was second in the young rider classification, wore the white jersey, becausePeter Sagan wore the green jersey as leader of the points classification.[97]
  • In stage ten,Nairo Quintana, who was second in the young rider classification, wore the white jersey, because Peter Sagan wore the green jersey as leader of the points classification.[98] Additionally,Bartosz Huzarski, awarded in stage eight, wore the red number bib as no combativity award was awarded after stage nine.[99]
  • In stages eleven and twelve,Richie Porte, who was second in the mountains classification, wore the polka dot jersey, becauseChris Froome wore the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification.[100][101]
  • In stages thirteen to eighteen,Joaquim Rodríguez, who was second in the mountains classification, wore the polka dot jersey, because Chris Froome wore the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification.[102]
  • In stage twenty one,Romain Bardet, who was third in the mountains classification, wore the polka dot jersey, because Chris Froome wore the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification and Nairo Quintana, who was second wore the white jersey as leader of the young rider classification.[103]

Final standings

[edit]
Legend
A yellow jersey.Denotes the winner of thegeneral classification[88]A green jersey.Denotes the winner of thepoints classification[88]
A white jersey with red polka dots.Denotes the winner of themountains classification[88]A white jersey.Denotes the winner of theyoung rider classification[88]
A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Denotes the winner of theteam classification[88]A white jersey with a red number bib.Denotes the winner of thesuper-combativity award[88]

General classification

[edit]
Final general classification (1–10)[83]
RankRiderTeamTime
1 Chris Froome (GBR)A yellow jersey.A white jersey with red polka dots.Team Sky84h 46' 14"
2 Nairo Quintana (COL)A white jersey.A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 1' 12"
3 Alejandro Valverde (ESP)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 5' 25"
4 Vincenzo Nibali (ITA)Astana+ 8' 36"
5 Alberto Contador (ESP)Tinkoff–Saxo+ 9' 48"
6 Robert Gesink (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 10' 47"
7 Bauke Mollema (NED)Trek Factory Racing+ 15' 14"
8 Mathias Frank (SUI)IAM Cycling+ 15' 39"
9 Romain Bardet (FRA)A white jersey with a red number bib.AG2R La Mondiale+ 16' 00"
10 Pierre Rolland (FRA)Team Europcar+ 17' 30"
Final general classification (11–160)[83]
RankRiderTeamTime
11 Andrew Talansky (USA)Cannondale–Garmin+ 22' 06"
12 Samuel Sánchez (ESP)BMC Racing Team+ 22' 50"
13 Serge Pauwels (BEL)MTN–Qhubeka+ 31' 03"
14 Warren Barguil (FRA)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 31' 15"
15 Geraint Thomas (GBR)Team Sky+ 31' 39"
16 Thibaut Pinot (FRA)FDJ+ 38' 52"
17 Roman Kreuziger (CZE)Tinkoff–Saxo+ 1h 02' 51"
18 Mikaël Cherel (FRA)AG2R La Mondiale+ 1h 05' 00"
19 Jarlinson Pantano (COL)IAM Cycling+ 1h 09' 08"
20 Jan Bakelants (BEL)AG2R La Mondiale+ 1h 16' 36"
21 Steven Kruijswijk (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 1h 21' 27"
22 Tanel Kangert (EST)Astana+ 1h 24' 58"
23 Jakob Fuglsang (DEN)Astana+ 1h 25' 23"
24 Jonathan Castroviejo (ESP)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 1h 26' 05"
25 Jan Bárta (CZE)Bora–Argon 18+ 1h 26' 56"
26 Alexis Vuillermoz (FRA)AG2R La Mondiale+ 1h 28' 29"
27 Bob Jungels (LUX)Trek Factory Racing+ 1h 33' 21"
28 Rafał Majka (POL)Tinkoff–Saxo+ 1h 35' 06"
29 Joaquim Rodríguez (ESP)Team Katusha+ 1h 36' 07"
30 Rubén Plaza (ESP)Lampre–Merida+ 1h 38' 22"
31 Tony Gallopin (FRA)Lotto–Soudal+ 1h 40' 44"
32 Gorka Izagirre (ESP)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 1h 41' 34"
33 Romain Sicard (FRA)Team Europcar+ 1h 51' 32"
34 Cyril Gautier (FRA)Team Europcar+ 1h 51' 51"
35 Nicolas Roche (IRE)Team Sky+ 1h 54' 08"
36 Michael Rogers (AUS)Tinkoff–Saxo+ 1h 56' 13"
37 Lars Bak (DEN)Lotto–Soudal+ 1h 56' 57"
38 Simon Geschke (GER)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 1h 58' 14"
39 Dan Martin (IRL)Cannondale–Garmin+ 2h 03' 37"
40 Ryder Hesjedal (CAN)Cannondale–Garmin+ 2h 04' 37"
41 Michele Scarponi (ITA)Astana+ 2h 05' 03"
42 Rigoberto Urán (COL)Etixx–Quick-Step+ 2h 08' 20"
43 Luis Ángel Maté (ESP)Cofidis+ 2h 10' 12"
44 Wout Poels (NED)Team Sky+ 2h 12' 44"
45 Thomas Voeckler (FRA)Team Europcar+ 2h 14' 08"
46 Peter Sagan (SVK)A green jersey.Tinkoff–Saxo+ 2h 14' 55"
47 Nelson Oliveira (POR)Lampre–Merida+ 2h 15' 32"
48 Richie Porte (AUS)Team Sky+ 2h 16' 05"
49 Daniel Teklehaimanot (ERI)MTN–Qhubeka+ 2h 16' 15"
50 Adam Yates (GBR)Orica–GreenEDGE+ 2h 16' 36"
51 Jacques Janse van Rensburg (RSA)MTN–Qhubeka+ 2h 18' 16"
52 Pierrick Fédrigo (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 2h 22' 54"
53 Damiano Caruso (ITA)BMC Racing Team+ 2h 26' 32"
54 Sylvain Chavanel (FRA)IAM Cycling+ 2h 29' 28"
55 Bram Tankink (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 2h 30' 12"
56 Michael Schär (SWI)BMC Racing Team+ 2h 31' 13"
57 Winner Anacona (COL)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 2h 31' 14"
58 Alberto Losada (ESP)Team Katusha+ 2h 32' 30"
59 Stef Clement (NED)IAM Cycling+ 2h 33' 42"
60 Marcel Wyss (SWI)IAM Cycling+ 2h 34' 38"
61 Jean-Christophe Péraud (FRA)AG2R La Mondiale+ 2h 35' 10"
62 Haimar Zubeldia (ESP)Trek Factory Racing+ 2h 36' 50"
63 Danilo Wyss (SWI)BMC Racing Team+ 2h 37' 17"
64 Andriy Hryvko (UKR)Astana+ 2h 38' 06"
65 José Herrada (ESP)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 2h 40' 06"
66 Daniel Navarro (ESP)Cofidis+ 2h 43' 34"
67 Thomas De Gendt (BEL)Lotto–Soudal+ 2h 48' 02"
68 Christophe Riblon (FRA)AG2R La Mondiale+ 2h 48' 19"
69 Kristijan Koren (SLO)Cannondale–Garmin+ 2h 51' 44"
70 Leopold König (CZE)Team Sky+ 2h 53' 09"
71 Mathieu Ladagnous (FRA)FDJ+ 2h 53' 22"
72 Tiago Machado (POR)Team Katusha+ 2h 54' 31"
73 Koen de Kort (NED)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 2h 57' 05"
74 Perrig Quéméneur (FRA)Team Europcar+ 2h 57' 19"
75 Reto Hollenstein (SWI)IAM Cycling+ 2h 58' 30"
76 Kristijan Đurasek (CRO)Lampre–Merida+ 3h 02' 14"
77 Lieuwe Westra (NED)Astana+ 3h 03' 09"
78 Rafael Valls (ESP)Lampre–Merida+ 3h 03' 11"
79 Wilco Kelderman (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 3h 04' 07"
80 Paul Martens (GER)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 3h 04' 52"
81 Pierre-Luc Périchon (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 3h 05' 48"
82 Edvald Boasson Hagen (NOR)MTN–Qhubeka+ 3h 08' 02"
83 Emanuel Buchmann (GER)Bora–Argon 18+ 3h 08' 47"
84 Merhawi Kudus (ERI)MTN–Qhubeka+ 3h 10' 36"
85 Anthony Delaplace (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 3h 11' 28"
86 Steve Cummings (GBR)MTN–Qhubeka+ 3h 12' 23"
87 Georg Preidler (AUT)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 3h 14' 14"
88 Florian Vachon (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 3h 15' 01"
89 Simon Yates (GBR)Orica–GreenEDGE+ 3h 16' 04"
90 Giampaolo Caruso (ITA)Team Katusha+ 3h 17' 03"
91 Angelo Tulik (FRA)Team Europcar+ 3h 18' 24"
92 Laurens ten Dam (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 3h 18' 43"
93 Markel Irizar (ESP)Trek Factory Racing+ 3h 19' 44"
94 Julien Simon (FRA)Cofidis+ 3h 19' 53"
95 Michał Gołaś (POL)Etixx–Quick-Step+ 3h 21' 17"
96 Reinardt Janse van Rensburg (RSA)MTN–Qhubeka+ 3h 21' 30"
97 Daniel Oss (ITA)BMC Racing Team+ 3h 22' 14"
98 Brice Feillu (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 3h 23' 11"
99 Paul Voss (GER)Bora–Argon 18+ 3h 24' 53"
100 Martin Elmiger (SWI)IAM Cycling+ 3h 26' 47"
101 Rohan Dennis (AUS)BMC Racing Team+ 3h 27' 34"
102 Grégory Rast (SWI)Trek Factory Racing+ 3h 29' 00"
103 Zdeněk Štybar (CZE)Etixx–Quick-Step+ 3h 30' 13"
104 Sep Vanmarcke (BEL)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 3h 31' 15"
105 Jérémy Roy (FRA)FDJ+ 3h 32' 12"
106 Roy Curvers (NED)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 3h 35' 40"
107 Adriano Malori (ITA)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 3h 37' 28"
108 Bartosz Huzarski (POL)Bora–Argon 18+ 3h 38' 06"
109 John Degenkolb (GER)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 3h 39' 43"
110 Bryan Coquard (FRA)Team Europcar+ 3h 42' 36"
111 Nicolas Edet (FRA)Cofidis+ 3h 42' 42"
112 Alexandre Geniez (FRA)FDJ+ 3h 42' 57"
113 Benoît Vaugrenard (FRA)FDJ+ 3h 43' 08"
114 Adam Hansen (AUS)Lotto–Soudal+ 3h 45' 18"
115 Imanol Erviti (ESP)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team+ 3h 47' 14"
116 Julien Vermote (BEL)Etixx–Quick-Step+ 3h 50' 32"
117 Matteo Trentin (ITA)Etixx–Quick-Step+ 3h 50' 59"
118 Matteo Bono (ITA)Lampre–Merida+ 3h 52' 17"
119 Armindo Fonseca (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 3h 53' 13"
120 Manuel Quinziato (ITA)BMC Racing Team+ 3h 53' 21"
121 Jos van Emden (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 3h 54' 19"
122 José Serpa (COL)Lampre–Merida+ 3h 54' 25"
123 Geoffrey Soupe (FRA)Cofidis+ 3h 55' 35"
124 Julián Arredondo (COL)Trek Factory Racing+ 3h 56' 49"
125 Filippo Pozzato (ITA)Lampre–Merida+ 3h 58' 20"
126 Marco Haller (AUT)Team Katusha+ 3h 59' 04"
127 Christophe Laporte (FRA)Cofidis+ 3h 59' 10"
128 Ian Stannard (GBR)Team Sky+ 3h 59' 37"
129 Tim Wellens (BEL)Lotto–Soudal+ 3h 59' 39"
130 Alexander Kristoff (NOR)Team Katusha+ 4h 01' 06"
131 Dmitriy Gruzdev (KAZ)Astana+ 4h 01' 12"
132 Matteo Tosatto (ITA)Tinkoff–Saxo+ 4h 01' 15"
133 Arnaud Gérard (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 4h 02' 06"
134 André Greipel (GER)Lotto–Soudal+ 4h 03' 28"
135 Florian Sénéchal (FRA)Cofidis+ 4h 04' 06"
136 Luke Rowe (GBR)Team Sky+ 4h 04' 45"
137 Yohann Gène (FRA)Team Europcar+ 4h 04' 56"
138 Arnaud Démare (FRA)FDJ+ 4h 05' 28"
139 Albert Timmer (NED)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 4h 05' 30"
140 José Mendes (POR)Bora–Argon 18+ 4h 07' 47"
141 Frédéric Brun (FRA)Bretagne–Séché Environnement+ 4h 10' 32"
142 Mark Cavendish (GBR)Etixx–Quick-Step+ 4h 12' 05"
143 Ramūnas Navardauskas (LTU)Cannondale–Garmin+ 4h 14' 40"
144 Pieter Weening (NED)Orica–GreenEDGE+ 4h 15' 20"
145 Jens Debusschere (BEL)Lotto–Soudal+ 4h 16' 06"
146 Damien Gaudin (FRA)AG2R La Mondiale+ 4h 16' 13"
147 Dylan van Baarle (NED)Cannondale–Garmin+ 4h 18' 40"
148 Stijn Devolder (BEL)Trek Factory Racing+ 4h 21' 31"
149 Jacopo Guarnieri (ITA)Team Katusha+ 4h 22' 20"
150 Marcel Sieberg (GER)Lotto–Soudal+ 4h 24' 52"
151 Luke Durbridge (AUS)Orica–GreenEDGE+ 4h 25' 03"
152 Michael Matthews (AUS)Orica–GreenEDGE+ 4h 26' 33"
153 Tom Leezer (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 4h 26' 47"
154 Tyler Farrar (USA)MTN–Qhubeka+ 4h 32' 32"
155 Davide Cimolai (ITA)Lampre–Merida+ 4h 33' 21"
156 Matthias Brändle (AUT)IAM Cycling+ 4h 37' 36"
157 Bryan Nauleau (FRA)Team Europcar+ 4h 40' 12"
158 Kenneth Vanbilsen (BEL)Cofidis+ 4h 41' 27"
159 Svein Tuft (CAN)Orica–GreenEDGE+ 4h 48' 08"
160 Sébastien Chavanel (FRA)FDJ+ 4h 56' 59"

Points classification

[edit]
Final points classification (1–10)[83]
RankRiderTeamPoints
1 Peter Sagan (SVK)A green jersey.Tinkoff–Saxo432
2 André Greipel (GER)Lotto–Soudal366
3 John Degenkolb (GER)Team Giant–Alpecin298
4 Mark Cavendish (GBR)Etixx–Quick-Step206
5 Bryan Coquard (FRA)Team Europcar152
6 Chris Froome (GBR)A yellow jersey.A white jersey with red polka dots.Team Sky139
7 Thibaut Pinot (FRA)FDJ113
8 Alejandro Valverde (ESP)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team103
9 Thomas de Gendt (BEL)Lotto–Soudal90
10 Alexander Kristoff (NOR)Team Katusha90

Mountains classification

[edit]
Final mountains classification (1–10)[83]
RankRiderTeamPoints
1 Chris Froome (GBR)A white jersey with red polka dots.A yellow jersey.Team Sky119
2 Nairo Quintana (COL)A white jersey.A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team108
3 Romain Bardet (FRA)A white jersey with a red number bib.AG2R La Mondiale90
4 Thibaut Pinot (FRA)FDJ82
5 Joaquim Rodríguez (ESP)Team Katusha78
6 Pierre Rolland (FRA)Team Europcar74
7 Alejandro Valverde (SPA)A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team72
8 Jakob Fuglsang (DEN)Astana64
9 Richie Porte (AUS)Team Sky58
10 Serge Pauwels (BEL)MTN–Qhubeka55

Young rider classification

[edit]
Final young rider classification (1–10)[83]
RankRiderTeamTime
1 Nairo Quintana (COL)A white jersey.A white jersey with a yellow number bib.Movistar Team84h 47' 26"
2 Romain Bardet (FRA)A white jersey with a red number bib.AG2R La Mondiale+ 14' 48"
3 Warren Barguil (FRA)Team Giant–Alpecin+ 30' 03"
4 Thibaut Pinot (FRA)FDJ+ 37' 40"
5 Bob Jungels (LUX)Trek Factory Racing+ 1h 32' 09"
6 Peter Sagan (SVK)A green jersey.Tinkoff–Saxo+ 2h 13' 43"
7 Adam Yates (GBR)Orica–GreenEDGE+ 2h 15' 24"
8 Wilco Kelderman (NED)LottoNL–Jumbo+ 3h 02' 55"
9 Emanuel Buchmann (GER)Bora–Argon 18+ 3h 07' 35"
10 Merhawi Kudus (ERI)MTN–Qhubeka+ 3h 09' 24"

Team classification

[edit]
Final team classification (1–10)[83]
RankTeamTime
1SpainMovistar TeamA white jersey with a yellow number bib.255h 24' 24"
2United KingdomTeam Sky+ 57' 23"
3Tinkoff–Saxo+ 1h 00' 12"
4KazakhstanAstana+ 1h 12' 09"
5South AfricaMTN–Qhubeka+ 1h 14' 32"
6FranceAG2R La Mondiale+ 1h 24' 22"
7FranceTeam Europcar+ 1h 48' 51"
8United StatesBMC Racing Team+ 2h 41' 46"
9SwitzerlandIAM Cycling+ 2h 42' 16"
10NetherlandsLottoNL–Jumbo+ 2h 46' 59"

UCI World Tour rankings

[edit]

Riders from the WorldTeams competing individually, as well as for their teams and nations, for points that contributed towards theWorld Tour rankings.[104] Points were awarded to the top twenty finishers in the general classification and to the top five finishers in each stage.[105] The 238 points accrued by Chris Froome moved him up to second in the individual ranking, behind Alejandro Valverde. Despite Movistar Team's strong showing, Team Sky took over the lead of the team ranking due to Froome's points. With three riders in the top ten, Spain remained the leaders of the nation ranking.[106]

UCI World Tour individual ranking on 26 July 2015 (1–10)[107][108]
RankPrev.NameTeamPoints
11 Alejandro Valverde (ESP)Movistar Team482
216 Chris Froome (GBR)Team Sky422
32 Alberto Contador (ESP)Tinkoff–Saxo407
415 Nairo Quintana (COL)Movistar Team365
53 Richie Porte (AUS)Team Sky314
67 Joaquim Rodríguez (ESP)Team Katusha292
76 Geraint Thomas (GBR)Team Sky283
84 Rui Costa (POR)Lampre–Merida275
95 Simon Špilak (SLO)Team Katusha269
109 John Degenkolb (GER)Team Giant–Alpecin265

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^An Algerian-Moroccan squad participated in the1950 Tour de France when only national and regional teams were allowed to enter.[5]
  2. ^Stage two's finish line was on theartificial island ofNeeltje Jans although it was officially named as the wider region ofZeeland.[50]

References

[edit]
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