2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections

← 2010 May 13, 2013 (2013-05-13) 2016 →

All 293 seats to theHouse of Representatives of the Philippines 147 seats needed for a majority

Congressional district elections

All 234 seats fromcongressional districts

Party Vote % Seats +/– Liberal 37.56 109 +62 NPC 17.08 42 +13 UNA 11.17 8 +8 NUP 8.55 24 +24 Nacionalista 8.41 18 −7 Lakas 5.24 14 −92 KBL 0.34 1 0 LDP 0.32 2 0 CDP 0.24 1 +1 Akbayan 0.12 1 +1 Others 8.16 14 +5 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

Party-list election

All 59 seats under theparty-list system

Party Vote % Seats +/– Buhay 4.59 3 +1 A TEACHER 3.77 2 0 Bayan Muna 3.45 2 0 1-CARE 3.38 2 0 Akbayan 2.99 2 0 Abono 2.77 2 0 Ako Bikol 2.76 2 −1 OFW Family Club 2.72 2 +2 Gabriela 2.58 2 0 Senior Citizens 2.45 2 0 Coop-NATCCO 2.32 2 0 AGAP 2.14 2 +1 Others 32.85 28 +9 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. District election results; results forMetro Manila is magnified at the top right. Speaker before Speaker after Feliciano Belmonte Jr. Liberal Feliciano Belmonte Jr. Liberal

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The2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections were the 33rdlower house elections in the Philippines, and 23rd as House of Representatives. They were held on May 13, 2013, to elect members to theHouse of Representatives of the Philippines that would serve in the16th Congress of the Philippines from June 30, 2013, to June 30, 2016.

The Philippines usesparallel voting for the House of Representatives:first past the post on 234single member districts, and viaclosed party lists on a 2%election threshold computed via a modifiedHare quota (3-seat cap and no remainders) on 58 seats, with parties with less than 1% of the first preference vote winning one seat each if 20% of the party-list seats are not filled up. Major parties are not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

While the concurrentSenate election features the two major coalitions inTeam PNoy and theUnited Nationalist Alliance (UNA), the constituent parties of the coalitions contested the lower house election separately, and in some districts, candidates from the same coalition in the Senate are contesting a single seat. Campaigns for the House of Representatives are done on a district-by-district basis; there is no national campaign conducted by the parties. No matter the election result, the party of the president usually controls the House of Representatives, via agrand coalition of almost all parties. Only the rulingLiberal Party can win a majority, as it is the only party to put up candidates in a majority of seats.

After the release of preliminary results, the Liberal Party emerged as the largest party in the chamber. Its coalition partners also held most of their seats. Incumbent SpeakerFeliciano Belmonte, Jr., was easily reelected as the Speaker of the 16th Congress.

The election for seats in the House of Representatives is done viaparallel voting. A voter has two votes: one for theirlocal district and another via theparty-list system. A candidate is not allowed to stand for both ballots, and parties participating in the district elections would have to ask for permission from theCommission on Elections, with major parties not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

Each district sends one representative to the House of Representatives, with the winner with thehighest number of votes winning that district's seat. The representatives from the districts comprise at most 80% of the seats.

In the party-list system, the parties contesting the election represent a sector, or several sectors, or an ethnic group. In determining the winners, the entire country is treated as one "district". Each party that surpasses the 2%election threshold automatically wins one seat; they can win an additional number of seats in proportion to the number of votes they received, but they can't have more than three seats. The representatives elected via the party-list system, also known as "sectoral representatives", should comprise at least 20% of the seats. However, since the winners from the parties that surpass the 2% threshold had not reached the 20% quota ever since the party-list system was instituted, the parties that received less than 1% of the first preference vote are given one seat each until the 20% quota has been filled up.^[1]

The parties contesting the district elections campaign at the district level; there is no national-level campaigning. While no party has been able to win a majority of seats in the House of Representatives since the 1987 elections, the party of the incumbent president had usually controlled the chamber in the phenomenon known locally as the "Padrino System" orpatronage politics, with other parties aligning themselves with the president's policies in exchange forpork barrel and future political favors.

While the parties contesting theSenate election grouped themselves into two majorelectoral alliances (Team PNoy and theUnited Nationalist Alliance), the constituent parties of those alliances separately contested the elections to the House of Representatives. However, as stated above, the parties will again coalesce once the16th Congress of the Philippines convenes.

Reapportioning (redistricting) the number of seats is either via national reapportionment, three years after the release of every census, or via piecemeal redistricting for every province or city. National reapportionment has not happened since the 1987 constitution took effect, and aside from piecemeal redistricting, the apportionment was based on the ordinance from the constitution, which was in turn based on the 1980 census.^[2]

Five new districts were created by Congress, withBukidnon,Cotabato,Palawan andQuezon City receiving additional representatives in the upcoming Congress.

• Division ofQuezon City's 2nd district into three districts
  • The barangays surrounding theBatasang Pambansa retain the2nd district designation.
  • TheNovaliches area is becoming the5th district.
  • The Balintawak and Tandang Sora areas are becoming the6th district.
  • Enacted into law as Republic Act No. 10170.^[3]
• Reapportionment ofCotabato fromtwo districts to three
  • Cotabato's western municipalities are retained as the1st district.
  • The eastern municipalities andKidapawan are retained as the2nd district.
  • The central municipalities become the3rd district.
  • Enacted into law as Republic Act No. 10177.^[4]
• Reapportionment ofBukidnon fromthree districts to four
  • Kalilangan andPangantucan from the1st district, andValencia from the2nd district became the4th district.
  • The rest of the two other districts are left intact.
  • Enacted into law as Republic Act No. 10184.^[5]
• Division ofPalawan's 2nd district into two districts
  • Aborlan andPuerto Princesa become the3rd district.
  • The rest of the 2nd district is left intact.
  • Enacted into law as Republic Act No. 10171.^[6]

As there were 234 districts, and there should be one party-list seat for every 4 districts, this means there are 59 party-list seats, and 293 total seats.

These are seats where the winning margin was 3% or less, politicians may choose to run under a different political party as compared to 2010. This excludes districts where the nearest losing candidate or that candidate's party is not contesting the election, or districts that were redistricted.

These are the incumbents who are not running for a seat in the House of Representatives, and are not term limited:

*Kaka Bag-ao is a party-list representative forAkbayan who ran in Dinagat Islands district under the Liberal Party and won.

Only theLiberal Party can win the election outright by placing candidates in a majority of seats. With 292 seats, including seats reserved for sectoral representatives, 147 seats are needed for a majority, and only the Liberal Party is contesting more than 150 seats.

The Liberal Party did win a near majority of the district seats. They are expected to form a coalition with otherTeam PNoy component parties, other parties, most independents, and most party-list representatives for a largeworking majority.Lakas–CMD is expected to form the minority bloc anew, while theUnited Nationalist Alliance and left-leaning representatives may join either bloc.

A total of six independents won, one less than in 2010.

The vote totals below were collected from the results displayed from the COMELEC's "Transparency" server. These are partial and unofficial. The seats won are the ones which had been officially proclaimed by the COMELEC.

Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Liberal Party	10,557,265	37.56	+18.38	109	+62
	Nationalist People's Coalition	4,800,907	17.08	+1.40	42	+13
	United Nationalist Alliance	3,140,381	11.17	New	8	New
	National Unity Party	2,402,097	8.55	New	24	New
	Nacionalista Party	2,364,400	8.41	−2.79	18	−7
	Lakas–CMD	1,472,464	5.24	−32.09	14	−92
	PDP–Laban	281,320	1.00	+0.29	0	−2
	Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino	144,030	0.51	+1.98	0	−4
	Bukidnon Paglaum	100,405	0.36	New	1	New
	Aksyon Demokratiko	97,982	0.35	−0.09	0	0
	Kambilan ning Memalen Kapampangan	96,433	0.34	New	1	New
	Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran	94,966	0.34	+0.14	1	0
	Unang Sigaw	94,952	0.34	New	1	New
	Kilusang Bagong Lipunan	94,484	0.34	−0.12	1	0
	United Negros Alliance	91,467	0.33	New	1	New
	Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	90,070	0.32	−0.15	2	0
	Kusug Agusanon	71,436	0.25	New	1	New
	Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod	65,324	0.23	New	0	0
	Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines	68,281	0.24	New	1	New
	Sulong Zambales	60,280	0.21	New	0	0
	Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan	57,485	0.20	New	1	New
	Kapayapaan, Kaunlaran at Katarungan	54,425	0.19	+0.16	0	0
	Akbayan	34,239	0.12	New	1	New
	Partido Magdiwang	23,253	0.08	−0.01	1	0
	One Cebu	21,936	0.08	New	0	0
	Ang Kapatiran	19,019	0.07	−0.01	0	0
	Adelante Zamboanga Party	15,881	0.06	New	0	0
	Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka	10,396	0.04	−2.59	0	−1
	Partido Lakas ng Masa	10,196	0.04	New	0	0
	Makabayan	3,870	0.01	New	0	0
	Ompia Party	1,682	0.01	New	0	0
	Democratic Party of the Philippines	1,071	0.00	New	0	0
	Independent	1,665,324	5.92	−0.93	6	−1
Party-list seats[a]					59	+2
Total		28,107,721	100.00	–	293	+7
Valid votes		28,107,721	70.02	−19.45
Invalid/blank votes		12,036,486	29.98	+19.45
Total votes		40,144,207	–	–
Registered voters/turnout		52,014,648	77.18	+2.84

Notes

TheCommission on Elections was supposed to release results for the party-list election along with the results for theSenate election; however, the commission suspended the release of results after questions of whether to include votes for the twelve disqualified parties, although not with finality, were to be included or not.^[7] Canvassing of results for the party-list election resumed on May 19 after the 12 senators-elect were already proclaimed, with the commission meeting to determine on what to do with the votes of the twelve disqualified parties.^[8] On May 22, the commission announced that they will proclaim the winning parties, but not the number of seats.^[9]

Preliminary results states that President Aquino's allies winning an overwhelming majority of seats in the House of Representatives. This makes Aquino the only president enjoy majorities in both houses of Congress since thePeople Power Revolution of 1986. This is seen as an endorsement of the voters of Aquino's reformist agenda; although several key wins elsewhere by theUnited Nationalist Alliance and its allies would mean that Aquino's chosen successor may face a significant challenge in the2016 presidential election.^[13]

SpeakerFeliciano Belmonte, Jr. is seen to keep his speakership position with the Liberals winning at least 100 out of the 234 district seats. Majority LeaderNeptali Gonzales II said that a great majority of incumbents are poised to successfully defend their seats, and that theLiberal Party are to be the single largest party in the lower house. TheNacionalista Party has at least 15 winning representatives, "a substantial number" of the 40 incumbentsNationalist People's Coalition are to hold their seats, and the 34-memberNational Unity Party House leaderRodolfo Antonino expects Belmonte to be reelected as speaker. TheUnited Nationalist Alliance won three seats inMetro Manila, and at least 2 more seats outside the metropolis.^[14]

15th Congress SpeakerFeliciano Belmonte, Jr. easily won reelection for the speakership. The race for minority leader, usually given to the person finishing second in the speakership race, was narrowly won byRonaldo Zamora overFerdinand Martin Romualdez. There was one abstention, fromToby Tiangco, who wanted to be an independent.^[15] Belmonte also abstained from voting, while Romaualdez and Zamora voted for themselves; if Belmonte only had one opponent he would've voted for his opponent, and his opponent would've voted for him (as seen in the 15th Congress speakership election). Since there were more than two nominees, the traditional courtesy votes did not push through.

• 15th Congress of the Philippines

• 2013 Philippine general election
• Lower house elections in the Philippines

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