 A scene inside theOlympiastadion during the first half of the match. | |||||||
| Event | 2006 FIFA World Cup | ||||||
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| Afterextra time Italy won 5–3 onpenalties | |||||||
| Date | 9 July 2006 | ||||||
| Venue | Olympiastadion,Berlin | ||||||
| Man of the Match | Andrea Pirlo (Italy)[1] | ||||||
| Referee | Horacio Elizondo (Argentina)[2] | ||||||
| Attendance | 69,000 | ||||||
| Weather | Clear 27 °C (81 °F) 42%humidity[3] | ||||||
←2002 2010 → | |||||||
The2006 FIFA World Cup final was the final match of the2006 World Cup, the 18th edition ofFIFA's competition for nationalfootball teams. The match was played at theOlympiastadion inBerlin, Germany, on 9 July 2006, and was contested betweenItaly andFrance. The event comprised hostsGermany and 31 other teams who emerged fromthe qualification phase, organised by the sixFIFA confederations. The 32 teams competed in a group stage, from which 16 teams qualified forthe knockout stage. En route to the final, Italy finished first inGroup E, with two wins and a draw, after which they defeatedAustralia in the round of 16,Ukraine in the quarter-final and Germany 2–0, in the semi-final. France finished runner-up ofGroup G with one win and two draws, before defeatingSpain in the round of 16,Brazil in the quarter-final andPortugal 1–0 in the semi-final. The final was witnessed by 69,000 spectators in the stadium, with the referee for the match beingHoracio Elizondo from Argentina.
Italy won the World Cup after beating France 5–3 in apenalty shoot-out following a 1–1 draw at the conclusion ofextra time. The match was focused mostly on France'sZinedine Zidane and Italy'sMarco Materazzi: this was the last match of Zidane's career; they each scored their team's only goal of the game; and they were also involved in an incident in extra time that led to Zidane being sent off for head-butting Materazzi in the chest. The incident was the subject of much analysis following the match. Italy'sAndrea Pirlo was named the man of the match, and Zidane was awarded theGolden Ball as the best player of the tournament.
The final served as a key match in theFrance–Italy football rivalry, coming after Italy were defeated by France in theUEFA Euro 2000 final. Italy's victory was their first world title in 24 years, and their fourth overall, putting them one ahead ofGermany and only one behindBrazil. The victory also led to Italy topping theFIFA World Rankings in February 2007 for the first time since November 1993. Italy's managerMarcello Lippi said after the game that "It takes a lot of determination and a lot of conviction in penalty shootouts – it's not by chance. Our boys really wanted it and that's why they were able to put away all five" while France managerRaymond Domenech defended Zidane and lamented the loss, saying "I am deeply disappointed. We deserved the title based over the whole match".
Both sides would fail to get past the group stage of the2010 tournament, becoming the first set of finalists to do so, while Italy became the third World Cup champions to be eliminated from the group phase after Brazil in1966 and France in2002.
TheOlympiastadion in Berlin was used as the venue for the final, as well as five other matches over the tournament.[4] It was also used for three matches at the1974 FIFA World Cup.[5] The current Olympiastadion was built for the1936 Summer Olympics in the western part of the city.[6] Since 1985, the stadium has hosted the finals of both theDFB-Pokal and itsfemale equivalent. The Olympiastadion hosts theInternationales Stadionfest, which was anIAAF Golden League event from 1998 to 2009. The stadium hosted the2009 World Championships in Athletics.[7] Aside from its use as an Olympic stadium, the Olympiastadion has a strong footballing tradition, having been the home ofHertha BSC since 1963.[8]
Italy's first official match as a national team was against France on 15 May 1910,[9] and the two countries developed afootball rivalry.[10][11] They have faced each other in several world-stage tournaments, including previous World Cups in1938 (3–1 Italy),[12]1978 (2–1 Italy),[13]1986 (2–0 France),[14] and1998 (4–3 in penalty-shootout to France).[15] Most recently, they had contested theUEFA Euro 2000 final, which ended in a 2–1 victory for France after agolden goal inextra time byDavid Trezeguet.[16][17][18]
The match was the sixth FIFA World Cup final for Italy, and the second for France.[19] Italy had won three of their previous finals (1934, 1938,1982), losing two (1970,1994), while France had won their only previous final (1998).[19] It was the first final since 1978 in which neither Germany nor Brazil competed (and only the second since 1938); it was also the first all-European final since Italy won the World Cup in 1982, and the second final to be decided by a penalty shoot-out (1994 was the first, with Italy losing to Brazil on that occasion).[19]
In April 2006, France'sZinedine Zidane, who also played for Spanish league sideReal Madrid, announced his retirement from football, saying his playing career would end after the World Cup.[20] In May 2006,a match-fixing scandal in Italy'sSerie A league was uncovered, mainly surroundingJuventus,[21] a team to which five of the national squad players belonged.[22]
| Italy | Round | France | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Opponents | Results | Group stage | Opponents | Results | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Ghana | 2–0 | Match 1 |  Switzerland | 0–0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 United States | 1–1 | Match 2 |  South Korea | 1–1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Czech Republic | 2–0 | Match 3 |  Togo | 2–0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Group E winners
| Final standings | Group G runners-up
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| Opponents | Results | Knockout stage | Opponents | Results | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Australia | 1–0 | Round of 16 |  Spain | 3–1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Ukraine | 3–0 | Quarter-finals |  Brazil | 1–0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Germany | 2–0 (a.e.t.) | Semi-finals |  Portugal | 1–0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italy's campaign in the tournament was accompanied by open pessimism,[23] in large part due to the controversy caused by the Serie A scandal.[24] Italy were drawn inGroup E alongsideGhana, theUnited States, andCzech Republic, opening against Ghana on 12 June 2006. Italy took the lead through midfielderAndrea Pirlo in the 40th minute, eventually winning the match by a score of 2–0.[25] In their next match against the United States on 17 June, Italy took the lead in the 22nd minute with anAlberto Gilardino goal, but five minutes later,Cristian Zaccardo scored anown goal off an attempted clearance following a free-kick, and the match eventually remained a 1–1 draw; this was one of only two goals Italy conceded throughout the tournament.[26] In that match,Daniele De Rossi received a straightred card after he elbowedBrian McBride in the face; he left the pitch bloodied, but returned after treatment, later receiving three stitches.[27] De Rossi later apologised to McBride, who subsequently praised him as "classy" for approaching him after the match.[28] Because of the incident, De Rossi was banned for four matches, and was finedCHF 10,000.[29] Their third and final group stage match was against Czech Republic on 22 June.Marco Materazzi, who had begun the tournament as a reserve player, came on as a replacement forAlessandro Nesta who suffered an injury in the match.[30] Materazzi went on to score a goal in the match, and was named Man of the Match of an eventual 2–0 win, finishing top of the group with seven points.[31]
In the round of 16, on 26 June, Italy took onAustralia in a match in which Materazzi was controversially sent off in the 53rd minute after an attempted two-footed tackle on Australian midfielderMark Bresciano. In stoppage time, a controversial penalty kick was awarded to Italy when refereeLuis Medina Cantalejo ruled thatLucas Neill fouledFabio Grosso.Francesco Totti converted the kick into the upper corner of the goal pastMark Schwarzer for a 1–0 win.[32] FIFA President Sepp Blater later conceded that the penalty decision was a refereeing mistake and apologised to Australian fans, saying that he believed there was "too much cheating on the players’ side" and that Australia should have reached the quarter-finals instead of Italy.[33] In the quarter-final, on 30 June, Italy took onUkraine, andGianluca Zambrotta opened the scoring early in the 6th minute with a left-footed shot from outside the penalty area after a quick exchange with Totti created enough space.Luca Toni added two more goals for Italy in the second half, but as Ukraine pressed forward, they were unable to score. Ukraine had hit the crossbar, had several shots saved by Italy goalkeeperGianluigi Buffon, and were denied a goal from a goal-line clearance from Zambrotta, ultimately ending in a 3–0 win for Italy.[34] In the semi-final on 4 July, Italy beat hosts Germany 2–0 with the two goals coming in the last two minutes of extra time. After a back-and-forth half-hour of extra time, during which Gilardino and Zambrotta struck the post and the crossbar respectively, Grosso scored in the 119th minute after a disguised Pirlo pass found him open in the penalty area for a bending left-footed shot into the far corner past German goalkeeperJens Lehmann's dive. Substitute strikerAlessandro Del Piero then sealed the victory by scoring with the last kick of the game at the end of a swift counterattack byFabio Cannavaro, Totti and Gilardino.[35]
France were drawn inGroup G alongsideSwitzerland,South Korea, andTogo, opening against Switzerland on 13 June 2006. The match ended in a scoreless draw.[36] In their next match against South Korea on 18 June, France took the lead in the 9th minute afterThierry Henry picked upSylvain Wiltord's deflected shot. Later, a header by Patrick Vieira crossed the goal-line after being blocked by Korean goalkeeperLee Woon-Jae, but refereeBenito Archundia did not give the goal as he had deemed Vieira to have committed a foul. With about 10 minutes left,Park Ji-sung scored for Korea to claim an eventual 1–1 draw.[37] Their third and final group stage match was against Togo on 23 June, and France needed a victory to progress from the group stage. After a goalless first half, Vieira and Henry scored two second half goals within six minutes of each other to win 2–0, and finish second in the group with five points.[38]
In the round of 16, on 27 June, France took onSpain in a match in which Spain took the lead in the first half with a penalty kick converted byDavid Villa afterLilian Thuram fouledPablo. Four minutes before half time,Franck Ribéry equalised the score, and with seven minutes before the end of regulation time, Vieira scored from a header for France to take the lead. As Spain pushed forward to find an equaliser, Zinedine Zidane scored in a solo effort in stoppage time, for a final score of 3–1 for France.[39] In the quarter-final, on 1 July, France took onBrazil; France won with a lone goal in the 57th minute by Henry after he volleyed a Zidane free kick to end Brazil's reign as world champions.[40] In the semi-final againstPortugal, on 5 July, France won again with a lone goal, this time from a first half Zidane penalty kick after Henry was tripped inside the box byRicardo Carvalho.[41]
The official match ball for the final was the + Teamgeist Berlin, a gold-coloured variation of theAdidas Teamgeist, which was unveiled on 18 April 2006.[42] The Adidas Teamgeist was used as the official match ball throughout the tournament, provided by German sports equipment companyAdidas.[42]
On 6 July 2006, the ArgentineHoracio Elizondo was chosen as referee for the final, ahead of the GermanMarkus Merk and the SlovakianĽuboš Micheľ.[43] Elizondo became a referee in 1994, and refereed his first international match in 1996.[44] His compatriots, Dario García and Rodolfo Otero, were chosen as assistant referees,[43] and the Spanish Luis Medina Cantalejo asfourth official.[45] Elizondo had given England strikerWayne Rooney a red card against Portugal previously in the tournament.[46]
Italy's team doctor Enrico Castellacci confirmed on 6 July that Alessandro Nesta was ruled out of the final due to a groin injury he sustained against the Czech Republic on 22 June; France reported no injuries.[47][48]
Before the match started, a closing ceremony was organised by FIFA, lasting about 10 minutes, was performed byIl Divo singing their song "The Time of Our Lives", the official song of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, as well asShakira andWyclef Jean singing a rendition of their song "Hips Don't Lie".[49][50]
The final started with each side scoring within the first 20 minutes, making it the only World Cup final from1990 to2014 in which both finalists scored. Referee Elizondo awarded apenalty kick when he deemedFlorent Malouda to have been fouled byMarco Materazzi.[51]Zinedine Zidane opened the scoring when he converted this kick in the 7th minute with aPanenka that glanced off the underside of the crossbar and into the goal.[52][53] Materazzi redeemed himself for Italy when he levelled the score in the 19th minute, a header from anAndrea Pirlo corner.[54] In the 35th minute,Luca Toni struck the crossbar with a header from another Pirlo corner.[54] At half time, the score was level at 1–1.
The beginning of the second half was largely controlled by France,[54] also seeking a penalty early on when Malouda went to ground in the box after a tackle by Gianluca Zambrotta.[55]Patrick Vieira was replaced byAlou Diarra in the 58th minute due to an apparent hamstring injury.[54] In the 62nd minute, Toni headed a goal that was disallowed for offside from a Pirlofree kick.[54] After the 90 minutes of regulation time, the score was still level at 1–1, forcing the match into extra time.
In the 104th minute, Italian goalkeeperGianluigi Buffon made a potentially game-saving save when he tipped a Zidane header over the crossbar that had been crossed in fromWilly Sagnol.[54] Five minutes later, Zidane and Materazzi were jogging up the pitch alongside each other. They briefly exchanged words and Materazzi pulled at Zidane's jersey; Zidane then delivered aheadbutt to Materazzi's chest, knocking him to the ground.[54][51] As the game play had switched direction, Buffon protested to the assistant referee who did not see what had happened.[56] When the play returned and referee Elizondo saw Materazzi on the ground, he halted play to consult his assistants. According to match officials' reports, the referee and his assistants did not see what had transpired, however, Elizondo consulted fourth officialLuis Medina Cantalejo via headset, who confirmed the incident.[45][57] Elizondo then issued Zidane ared card in the 110th minute.[4][58] It marked the 14th overallexpulsion of Zidane's career, and meant he joinedCameroon'sRigobert Song as the only players ever to be sent off during two separate World Cup tournaments.[59] He also became the fourth player red-carded in a World Cup final, in addition to being the first sent off in extra time.[60]
After extra time, the score was still level at 1–1, forcing the match into apenalty shoot-out. France's David Trezeguet, who had scored the golden goal against Italy in the UEFA Euro 2000 Final, was the only player not to score his penalty after his kick hit the crossbar, shot down after its impact, and stayed just ahead of the goal-line.Fabio Grosso—who scored Italy's first goal in the 2-0 semi-final win against Germany—scored the winning penalty; Italy won by a score of 5–3.[61] After Grosso scored, Italian commentator forRAIMarco Civoli said the phraseIl cielo è azzurro sopra Berlino (in English:the sky is blue above Berlin)[62][63]
          Italy |      France |
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Man of the Match: Assistant referees: | Match rules:
|
| Italy | France | |
|---|---|---|
| Goals scored | 1 | 1 |
| Total shots | 5 | 13 |
| Shots on target | 3 | 6 |
| Ball possession | 55% | 45% |
| Corner kicks | 5 | 7 |
| Fouls committed | 17 | 24 |
| Offsides | 4 | 2 |
| Yellow cards | 1 | 3 |
| Red cards | 0 | 1 |
According to FIFA, 715.1 million individuals globally watched the final match of this tournament.[64]IPG's independent media agency Initiative Worldwide estimated a 260 million people viewership.[65] The independent firm Initiative Futures Sport + Entertainment estimates it at 322 million viewers.[66]
German presidentHorst Köhler,UEFA presidentLennart Johansson, and the local organizing committee presidentFranz Beckenbauer were among those present on the pitch stage during the awards ceremony. President Köhler handed thetrophy to Italian captain Fabio Cannavaro withoutFIFA presidentSepp Blatter's presence.[67] As Cannavaro raised the trophy, a short version ofPatrizio Buanne's "Stand Up (Champions Theme)" was played.[67] The victory also led to Italy topping theFIFA World Rankings in February 2007 for the first time since November 1993.[68][69] Pirlo was awarded the Man of the Match.[1] The day after the final, Zidane was awarded theGolden Ball as the player of the tournament.[70] The Italy team celebrated their victory with a parade in Rome the day after the final on 10 July, attended by 500,000 people, the team traveled to theCircus Maximus.[71] The team also met withPresident of ItalyGiorgio Napolitano andPrime Minister of ItalyRomano Prodi, where all members of the World Cup-winning squad were awarded theItalian Order of Merit ofCavaliere Ufficiale.[72][73]
After video evidence suggested that Materazzi had verbally provoked Zidane into the headbutt,The Times,The Sun and theDaily Star claimed to have hiredlip readers to determine what Materazzi had said, with all three newspapers claiming that Materazzi called Zidane "the son of a terrorist whore".[74] Materazzi disputed this claim, eventually winning public apologies fromThe Sun andDaily Star in 2008,[74][75] as well as libel damages from all three newspapers.[76]
Zidane only partly explained that repeated harshinsults about his mother had caused him to react.[77] Materazzi admittedtrash talking Zidane, but argued that Zidane's behaviour had been very arrogant and that the remarks were trivial.[78] Materazzi also insisted that he did not insult Zidane's mother (who was ill at the time), claiming, "I didn't talk about his mother, either. I lost my mother when I was fifteen, and even now I still get emotional talking about it".[79][80]
Zidane later said that he did not regret his actions because "it would be like admitting that he was right to say all that".[81] Materazzi offered his version of events two months later claiming that after he had grabbed Zidane's jersey, Zidane remarked, "If you want my shirt, I will give it to you afterwards", and he replied to Zidane that he would prefer his sister, but claimed during the interview that he was unaware Zidane even had a sister.[82] Over a year after the incident, Materazzi confirmed that his precise words to Zidane were: "I prefer the whore that is your sister".[83]
After the final, then-President of FranceJacques Chirac hailed Zidane as a "man of heart and conviction".[84] Chirac later added that he found the offence to be unacceptable, but he understood that Zidane had been provoked.[85] The French public showed support for Zidane's actions; polls done in the immediate wake of the incident showed 61% of French people said they had already forgiven him for his actions while 52% said they understood them.[86] However, French newspaperLe Figaro called the headbutt "odious" and "unacceptable".[87]Time magazine regarded the incident as a symbol for Europe's "grappling with multi-culturalism".[88] Despite the ongoing furore, Zidane's sponsors announced that they would stick with him.[89]
The incident was extensively lampooned on theInternet and in popular culture.Family Guy parodied it in the episode "Saving Private Brian", in which Zidane headbutts an old lady while delivering her a birthday cake.The Simpsons parodied it in the episode "Marge Gamer", in whichHomer Simpson shouts "Zidane!", when headbutting the linesman. In addition to becoming a staple of parody via numerous online videos andGIFs, anovelty song titledCoup de Boule ("Headbutt") reached the top of the French charts.[90] Asculpture of the incident was unveiled in 2012.[91]
In light of Zidane's statements,FIFA opened disciplinary proceedings to investigate the incident. FIFA also affirmed the legality of Elizondo's decision to send Zidane off, rejecting claims that Cantalejo had illegally relied on video transmission to make a decision about handling Zidane's misconduct.[92] FIFA issued a CHF 5,000 fine and a two-match ban against Materazzi, while Zidane received a three-match ban and a CHF 7,500 fine. Since Zidane had already retired, he voluntarily served three days of community service on FIFA's behalf as a substitute for the match ban.[93][94]
In October 2009, in an interview conducted on French radio station RTL, Zidane stated: "Let's not forget that provocation is a terrible thing. I have never been one to provoke; I have never done it. It's terrible, and it is best not to react".[95] However, he later said in 2015, "If you look at the 14 red cards I had in my career, 12 of them were a result of provocation. This isn't justification, this isn't an excuse, but my passion, temper and blood made me react."[96] In 2010, Zidane had said that he would "rather die than apologise" to Materazzi for the headbutt in the final,[97] but also admitted that he "could never have lived with himself" had he been allowed to remain on the pitch and help France win the match.[98]
The final Italy – France [had] a global cumulative audience of 715.1 million viewers.
2006 FIFA World Cup finalists | |
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| Champions | |
| Runners-up | |
| Third place | |
| Fourth place | |
| Quarter-finals | |
| Round of 16 | |
| Group stage | |
Fédération internationale de football association (FIFA) | |
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| Qualification | |
| Finals | |
| Squads | |
| Final draw | |
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