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Cantonal elections to elect half the membership of the general councils of France's 100departments were held on 21 and 28 March 2004. These elections coincided with the left's landslide in theregional elections held at the same time and also resulted in strong performances by theSocialist Party (PS) and its allies on the left, leaving the Socialists in control of a majority ofdepartments.

The cantonal elections use a two-round system similar to that employed in the country's legislative elections.
| Party/Alliance | General council Presidencies | Votes | % (first round) | Votes | % (second round) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PS | 44 | 3,226,525 | 26.25% | 4,010,716 | 38.56% | |
| UMP | 37 | 2,574,331 | 20.94% | 2,831,478 | 27.22% | |
| UDF | 8 | 584,587 | 4.76% | 484,204 | 4.65% | |
| PRG | 3 | 156,305 | 1.27% | 134,365 | 1.29% | |
| PCF | 2 | 957,223 | 7.80% | 492,815 | 4.74% | |
| Miscellaneous Left | 2 | 740,521 | 6.02% | 616,631 | 5.93% | |
| Miscellaneous Right | 2 | 1,396,741 | 11.36% | 1,103,938 | 10.61% | |
| MPF | 1 | see DVD | see DVD | see DVD | see DVD | |
| Miscellaneous | 1 | 132,883 | 1.08% | 83,622 | 0.80% | |
| FN | 0 | 1,490,315 | 12.13% | 502,973 | 4.84% | |
| Les Verts | 0 | 502,142 | 4.09% | 101,434 | 0.98% | |
| Far-Left | 0 | 367,817 | 2.99% | 6,271 | 0.06% | |
| Regionalists | 0 | 50,143 | 0.41% | 13,180 | 0.13% | |
| Ecologists | 0 | 48,838 | 0.40% | 4,588 | 0.04% | |
| MNR | 0 | 44,251 | 0.36% | 11,620 | 0.11% | |
| CPNT | 0 | 17,786 | 0.14% | 4,358 | 0.04% | |