| 20/20 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Genre | News magazine |
| Created by | Roone Arledge |
| Presented by |
|
| Theme music composer |
|
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original language | English |
| No. of seasons | 47 |
| No. of episodes | 500+ |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | David Sloan (2005–present) |
| Camera setup | Multi-camera |
| Running time |
|
| Production company | ABC News Productions |
| Original release | |
| Network | ABC |
| Release | June 6, 1978 (1978-06-06) – present |
20/20 (stylized as2020) is an American televisionnewsmagazine that has been broadcast onABC since June 6, 1978. Created byABC News executiveRoone Arledge,[1] the program was designed similarly toCBS's60 Minutes in that it features in-depth story packages, although it focuses more onhuman interest stories than international and political subjects. The program's name derives from the "20/20" measurement ofvisual acuity.
The two-hour-long program has been a staple on Friday evenings (currently airing at 9:00 p.m.Eastern Time Zone [ET]) for much of the time since it moved to that timeslot from Thursdays in September 1987, though special editions of the program occasionally air on other nights. For most of its history, it was led into by ABC's two-hourTGIF block of sitcoms.
Since 2019, it has shifted to a two-hour format highlightingtrue crime stories and celebrity scandals rather than the traditionalinvestigative journalism associated with newsmagazines, following the same programming direction asCBS's48 Hours and same-night competitorDateline NBC. Special edition episodes, however, cover a wide range of topics.
The anchors on the premiere telecast of20/20 wereEsquire magazine editorHarold Hayes, who also served as the program's senior producer, andTime art criticRobert Hughes. The program's debut received largely harsh reviews;The New York Times described it as "dizzyingly absurd" andThe Washington Post denounced it as "the trashiest stab at candycane journalism yet." In his autobiographyRoone: A Memoir, Roone Arledge recalled that probably the most embarrassing part of that initial program was theClaymation segments featuring caricatures representing then-PresidentJimmy Carter (singing "Georgia on My Mind") andWalter Cronkite (closing the program intoning, "That's the way it was").
As a result of the scathing reviews reminiscent of another ABC one-episode flop from nine years before, the sketch comedy seriesTurn-On, serious and drastic changes were immediately made to salvage the program. ABC terminated the contracts of Hayes and Hughes along with original executive producer Bob Shanks, and a then semi-retiredHugh Downs was recruited to take on the role of sole host on the following week's program.
Also featured in the premiere telecast of20/20, the opening sequence consisted of a pair of eyeglasses, whose lenses showed colored bars, which are often seen in theSMPTE color bars (used when television stations were off the air between sign-off and sign-on). The eyeglasses were keyed over a yellow background, and rotated to its rear position to reveal the20/20 studio.
With Downs hosting,20/20 changed into a more standard yet unique newsmagazine and received kinder reviews from critics. The program was originally launched as a summer replacement series; it was then presented on a once-a-month basis during the 1978–79 television season, before being given a regular weekly timeslot on Thursdays at 10:00 p.m. Eastern Time beginning May 31, 1979. Emmy Award-winning producer, Bernard I. Cohen began his career with ABC evening news in 1964. From 1979 to 1992, he was a lead Producer at 20/20 and helped solidify the program's top Nielsen Ratings. Ratings were generally very good during the summer months during its eight years on Thursday nights despite competition fromKnots Landing on CBS andHill Street Blues onNBC. It was around this time that the program started using the Brock Brower-written signoff line "We're in touch, so you be in touch" to end each program,[2] which continues to be used to now (the program also used the line "Around the world and into your home, the stories that touch your life" as the introduction during the program's opening titles for much of the 1990s).
Barbara Walters joined the program in 1979 in a role something less than a co-anchor and soon became a regular special contributor in the fall of 1981. In 1984, she was named as co-anchor and thus Hugh Downs's equal, reuniting a duo which had already anchored together on NBC'sToday from 1964 to 1971. The team would remain together on-air for the next 15 years.
In the fall of 1987,20/20 was moved to Fridays at 10:00 p.m. Eastern, with theTGIF family comedy block as its longtimelead-in; while in that timeslot, it ranked at 21st place in the annualNielsen ratings by the 1991–92 season. It aired in that same Friday time slot until the fall of 2001, when ABC briefly replaced the program with the scripted family drama seriesOnce and Again, only for20/20 to return to the lineup again four months later; it has basically retained the timeslot ever since. While the program briefly moved to the 8:00 p.m. timeslot on October 12, 2007, it reverted to its usual time two weeks later.
In the late 1990s, ABC began to expand the show to additional nights. In September 1997, a second weekly edition of20/20 with Downs and Walters made its debut on Thursday evenings, later moving to Mondays. From September 1998 to September 2000,ABC News chose to consolidate its newsmagazine programs by combining20/20 andPrimetime Live into a singular brand under the20/20 name and format to compete withDateline NBC (which itself ran for four nights a week at the time), and having former Primetime Live anchorsSam Donaldson andDiane Sawyer host20/20 on Wednesday in the former show's old timeslot. Additional nights were also added during this time with various anchors for each broadcast. At its peak,20/20 ran on Mondays, Wednesdays and Sundays, in addition to its longtime Friday timeslot; these additional nights of20/20 were joined by the younger-skewing20/20 Downtown on Thursday nights in October 1999. In September 2000, ABC reinstatedPrimetime under the titlePrimetime Thursday, and spun off20/20 Downtown as a separate newsmagazine simply titledDowntown on Monday evenings. By early 2002,20/20 once again was airing only in its original Friday timeslot.
On March 3, 1999,Monica Lewinsky, the formerWhite House intern who was infamously revealed to have been involved in an affair with then-PresidentBill Clinton a few years earlier, was interviewed by Barbara Walters on the program; that particular edition of20/20 was watched by an estimated 70 million viewers, which ABC stated was a record audience for a news program.[3]
After Downs' retirement in 1999, Walters became the solo anchor of20/20. This lasted untilJohn Miller was hired as a permanent co-host of the program in 2002; Miller never got very comfortable in the anchor chair, and a year later, he jumped at the chance to rejoin law enforcement. For a few months in early 2003, Barbara Walters temporarily anchored solo again. However, in May of that year,John Stossel – an investigative correspondent for the program who was behind the controversial, though popular, "Give Me a Break" segments – was named as Walters' new co-anchor. As one of the first veteran anchors, Barbara Walters chose to go into semi-retirement as a broadcast journalist in 2004. However, she remained with20/20 as a frequent contributor to the program. ABC News correspondentElizabeth Vargas was promoted to the co-anchor position.
On August 25, 2008,20/20 (alongsideABC World News andNightline) began broadcasting inhigh definition, with broadcasts presented in apillarbox format for viewers withstandard-definition television sets watching either throughcable orsatellite television. The program also introduced a new set and upconverted its existing graphics package to HD.[4]
In September 2009, before the start of its 31st season, John Stossel announced he would leave the program after 28 years to pursue a new weekly show onFox Business.[5] Barbara Walters andDiane Sawyer also contributed reports. On December 10, 2009, ABC News announced thatGood Morning America news anchorChris Cuomo was promoted to co-host20/20 alongside Elizabeth Vargas. On January 29, 2013, it was announced that Chris Cuomo would leave ABC News and20/20 forCNN to co-host the cable network's new morning news program,New Day; on the same day, ABC announcedDavid Muir would join Elizabeth Vargas as the new co-anchor of the program, in addition to continuing as weekend anchor ofABC World News Tonight (a role he retains after being appointed to main anchor of the since-renamedABC World News Tonight in September 2014).
The program expanded once again on March 2, 2013, with the debut of20/20 Saturday, which mainly features rebroadcasts of archived stories from previous editions of20/20 (mainly those dating back as early as 2008) in the same single topic format as the flagship Friday broadcasts.20/20 Saturday airs outside ofcollege football season, at either 9:00 p.m. as a two-hour broadcast formatted as separate hour-long episodes centered on two different topics or at 10:00 p.m. Eastern Time as an hour-long broadcast, depending on the programs that precede it that given week. Barbara Walters originally served as host of the program until her retirement from regular television broadcasting in May 2014, after which the hosting duties were turned over the anchors of the Friday editions.
On December 22, 2017, Elizabeth Vargas announced that she would be leaving20/20 and ABC News at the end of May. On April 23, 2018,Good Morning America news anchorAmy Robach was announced to take over as co-anchor alongside Muir in May; she subsequently departed from ABC News (and20/20 by extension) on January 27, 2023, after theDaily Mail reported the previous November on an affair between her andT.J. Holmes, who co-anchoredGMA3: What You Need to Know with her.[6] Meanwhile,Deborah Roberts was named a contributing anchor to20/20 on October 4, 2022, via a note from ABC News PresidentKimberly Godwin.[7]
The December 30, 2022 edition of the program was interrupted in the Eastern and Central time zones by news of Barbara Walters's death around 9:30 p.m. ET, and anchor Phil Lipof anchored coverage for 90 minutes with ABC News's official obituary and comment from other ABC News staff about her life and impact.
On December 19, 2024, ABC News aired the documentaryManhunt: Luigi Mangione and the CEO Murder - A Special Edition of 20/20.[8][9][10]
Unlike most other newsmagazines,20/20 Downtown was never carried by any big name anchor. An ensemble team of anchors fronted the broadcast, which was aimed at attracting younger viewers, but was hampered by many of the network's larger marketnetwork affiliate stations bumping the program to late night or weekend timeslots to accommodate local pre-game shows or coach's shows/highlight recap programming dealing withNFL orcollege football teams preceding ABC'sMonday Night Football. The anchor/reporting duties were filled by the team ofElizabeth Vargas,Cynthia McFadden,Chris Cuomo,Jay Schadler andJohn Quiñones. The program was renamedDowntown but was canceled in 2002. In 2003, the program returned for one season asPrimetime Monday, with the same anchors and format.
Even though20/20 still occasionally uses a multiple topic format, the program has seen a gradual shift towards single topic editions since the late 2000s (similar to what has occurred withDateline NBC since around the same timeframe, although continuing to include a wider range of topics), either in the form of various story packages that relate to the topic or a focus on a single story.
Multiple episodes scheduled the same day without previous notice air under the20/20 banner involvingbreaking news stories, either of national or world importance (and usually feature David Muir or a substitute at theWorld News Tonight desk leading coverage), or air after the verdict of a trial the series has followed as part of its continuing coverage and feature previous reporting and interviews wrapped around verdict coverage.
The distinctive theme music to20/20 fromScore Productions was written byBob Israel (who also co-wrote theme music for now-cancelled fellow ABC seriesAll My Children andOne Life to Live) and based upon the longtime Lillian Scheinert-written theme used forABC World News Tonight. The original theme was revamped around 1993, and was subsequently replaced in 1999, along with the20/20 logo and the anchor desk on the program's set. Finally the orchestral20/20 theme was updated in 2001, along with a few modifications in 2003 and 2005. In 2009, the theme was once again revamped, and once more in 2010, along with new graphics to reflect the news magazine's new darker tone; this new theme was written by DreamArtists Studios. In 2012 the theme was revamped, again arranged by DreamArtists Studios.
| Season | Nielsen ranking | Average viewership |
|---|---|---|
| 1977–78 | N/A (summer) | |
| 1978–79 | ||
| 1979–80 | ||
| 1980–81 | ||
| 1981–82 | ||
| 1982–83 | ||
| 1983–84 | ||
| 1984–85 | 55 | 13.7 million[citation needed] |
| 1985–86 | 40 | 15.5 million[citation needed] |
| 1986–87 | 43 | 14.2 million[citation needed] |
| 1987–88 | 54 | 12.6 million[citation needed] |
| 1988–89 | 40 | 14.1 million[citation needed] |
| 1989–90 | 44 | 13.5 million[citation needed] |
| 1990–91 | 33 | 13.5 million[citation needed] |
| 1991–92 | 21 | 14.4 million[11] |
| 1992–93 | 12 | 15.1 million[12] |
| 1993–94 | 15 | 14.3 million[13] |
| 1994–95 | 17 | 14.0 million[14] |
| 1995–96 | 11 | 13.6 million[15] |
| 1996–97 | 12 | 12.8 million[16] |
| 1997–98 | 19 | 15.0 million[17] |
| 1998–99 | 22 | 13.7 million[18] |
| 1999–2000 | 33 | 12.2 million[19] |
| 2000–01 | 44 | 11.5 million[20] |
| 2001–02 | 60 | 9.7 million[21] |
| 2002–03 | 76 | 8.8 million[22] |
| 2003–04 | 58 | 9.6 million[23] |
| 2004–05 | 66 | 8.5 million[24] |
| 2005–06 | 75 | 8.0 million[25] |
| 2006–07 | 106 | 7.5 million[26] |
| 2007–08 | 114 | 6.5 million[27] |
| 2008–09 | 76 | 7.0 million[28] |
| 2009–10 | 77 | 6.3 million[29] |
| 2010–11 | 100 | 5.8 million[30] |
| 2011–12 | 107 | 5.6 million[31] |
| 2012–13 | 83 | 5.7 million[32] |
| 2013–14 | ||
| 2014–15 | ||
| 2015–16 | ||
| 2016–17 | ||
| 2017–18 | ||
| 2018–19 | 97 | 4.8 million[33] |
| 2019–20 | 90 | 4.4 million[34] |
| 2020-21 | 72 | 4.11 million[35] |
| 2021-22 | 58 | 4.23 million[36] |
| 2022-23 | 63 | 3.87 million[37] |
True crime-focused episodes of the series air in first-run syndication onOprah Winfrey Network andInvestigation Discovery as20/20 on OWN/ID.
