1Password is apassword manager developed by the Canadian software company AgileBits Inc. It supports multiple platforms such asiOS,Android,Windows,Linux, andmacOS.[19] It provides a place for users to store various passwords,software licenses, and other sensitive information in a virtual vault that is locked with aPBKDF2-guarded master password.[20][21] By default, the user’s encrypted vault is hosted on 1Password’s servers for a monthly fee.[22]
1Password can be configured through 1Password.com, a paid subscription-based server sync service maintained by the developers. Local Wi-Fi andiCloud sync were only available oniOS andmacOS in previous versions.[23][24][25]
In 2017, the Travel Mode feature was introduced for subscribers of 1Password.com, which enables the omission of password entries not tagged as safe for travel from the local storage on a particular device, reducing the impact of being obliged by officials to unlock access at the country border crossings.[26][27]
1Password integrates with desktop web browsers includingSafari,Chrome,Firefox,Edge, andOpera.[28] The extension can remember logins for websites, fill in website logins automatically, and generate random passwords for new websites.[29]
To use browser extensions, the user must have administrative rights on the computer where the browser is installed. This has been a problem with users on a PC assigned by a workplace without admin rights. To address this problem, 1Password offers plans for a monthly subscription fee aimed at businesses that allow web access to their usernames and passwords which can be copied and pasted into login screens.[30] Plans for family and individual use are also available.[31]
1Password also offers a standalone extension called 1Password X, available for Firefox, Chrome, and Opera.[32] 1Password X is designed to work without a companion desktop app, but a 1Password.com subscription is required.[33]
On the mobile side, 1Password offers integration with browsers and apps on iOS and Android devices using various methods. More convenient methods of filling and saving login information are provided iniOS 12[34] andAndroid Oreo (and later),[35] respectively.
In 2016,Der Standard highlighted 1Password to its readers as an effective tool for managing and organizing passwords.[36] In a 2017Consumer Reports article, Dan Guido, the CEO ofTrail of Bits, listed 1Password as a popular password manager (alongsideDashlane,KeePass, andLastPass), with the choice among them mostly up to personal preferences.[22]
Unlike previous versions, 1Password 7 became a subscription service, though perpetual licenses were still available from within the app ($64.99 in 2018[37]).[22][38] The option to store password vaults locally was removed in 1Password 8, which drew criticism.[39]
On November 14, 2019, 1Password announced a partnership withventure capital firmAccel, which invested $200 million in aSeries A funding round and obtained a minority stake in the company.[40] It was the first outside funding in 1Password's history, and the largest single investment Accel had made to date.[41]
In 2021, 1Password acquired SecretHub, aDutch cybersecurity company.[42] It also raised $100 million in financing with a valuation of $2 billion.[43]
In January 2022, 1Password raised a $620 million Series C round, the biggest funding round in Canadian history, led by Iconiq Growth, increasing the company's valuation to $6.8 billion. Notable individual investors that took part in this round wereRyan Reynolds,Robert Downey Jr., andJustin Timberlake.[44]
In November 2022, 1Password announced its acquisition ofTexas-based Passkey tool provider Passage for an undisclosed sum.[45]
In September 2023, 1Password surpassed $250 million in annual recurring revenue where more than two-thirds of its revenue is generated from more than 100,000 business customers.[46]
In November 2025, CEO David Faugno told CNBC that 1Password had surpassed $400 million in annual recurring revenue, and that the company was weighing a possible IPO in 2026 or 2027.[47]
In 2017, theCloudflare infrastructure bug known asCloudbleed raised concerns about potential data leakage affecting many major online services.[48] 1Password stated that its users were not at risk, emphasizing that its data remained protected through end-to-end encryption and did not rely solely on TLS.[49]
A 2017 analysis by theFraunhofer-Institut für Sichere Informationstechnologie (SIT) identified several security flaws in multiple Android password managers, including 1Password.[50] The issues, which include Password Leakage[51], Https downgrade to http URL[52], Titles and URLs Not Encrypted in Database[53], Read Private Data[54] and Information Leaked[55], were reported to the developers and subsequently fixed.[56]
In October 2023, it was disclosed that 1Password was affected by a security incident involvingOkta’s customer support system. According to 1Password, the suspicious activity was quickly contained, and no user, employee, or other sensitive data was compromised.[57]
A 2024 study by Hutchinson et al. examined the “password checkup” features of 14 password managers, including 1Password, using weak, breached, and randomly generated passwords. The authors found that the evaluated products reported weak and compromised passwords inconsistently and sometimes incompletely. No manager successfully flagged all known breached passwords. The study concludes that such inconsistencies may give users a false sense of security.[58]
Security researcher Marek Tóth presented a vulnerability in browser extensions of several password managers (including 1Password) atDEF CON 33 on August 9, 2025. In their default configurations, these extensions were shown to be exposed to a DOM-based extension clickjacking technique, allowing attackers to exfiltrate user data with just a single click.[59] The affected password manager vendors were notified in April 2025. According to Tóth, 1Password version 8.11.8.40 remains vulnerable.[60]
^Hutchinson, Adryana; Munyendo, Collins W.; Aviv, Adam J; Mayer, Peter (2024-05-11). "An Analysis of Password Managers' Password Checkup Tools".Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI EA '24. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 1–7.doi:10.1145/3613905.3650741.ISBN979-8-4007-0331-7.
