The dose range of 1P-LSD is 100 to 200μg, with a typical dose estimate of 150μg.[2] Itsduration is about 8 to 12hours for most people.[2] The subjective effects of 1P-LSD are not well-defined in the literature, although they are generally thought to be comparable to those ofLSD.[11] In a 2020 study, the qualitative effects of 1P-LSD and LSD were similar when measured usingvisual analog scales.[1] The properties of 1P-LSD have also been assessed in other studies.[12][2]
LikeALD-52 (1A-LSD), 1P-LSD is believed to act as aprodrug for LSD viahydrolysis of thepropionyl group. When 1P-LSD is incubated in human serum or liver cells,[13][14] administered intravenously to rats,[15] or administered either orally or intravenously to human subjects,[1] high levels of LSD and relatively low levels of 1P-LSD are quickly detected, demonstrating that 1P-LSD is rapidly hydrolyzed into LSDin vivo following ingestion. Indeed, following intravenous administration in humans 1P-LSD is detectable in serum for no longer than 4 hours, after which it is completely converted to LSD.[1] These findings are supported by the similar duration and behavioral effects of 1P-LSD and LSD in both animal and human experiments.[13][1]
As of 2015, 1P-LSD is unscheduled in theUnited States andCanada, but may be considered illegal if sold or used for human consumption as a structural analog of LSD under theFederal Analogue Act in the US.[13] 1P-LSD is a prohibited or controlled substance in Australia, France,[20] Finland,[21] Denmark,[22] Germany,[23] Estonia,[24] Japan,[25] Latvia,[26] Norway,[27] Romania,[28] Sweden,[29] Switzerland,[30] United Kingdom,[31] Italy,[32] Singapore,[33] the Czech Republic,[34] and Croatia.[35] 1P-LSD has been illegal in Russia since 2017 as an LSD derivative.[36]
^Linda P, Stener A, Cipiciani A, Savelli G (January–February 1983). "Hydrolysis of amides. Kinetics and mechanism of the basic hydrolysis of N-acylpyrroles, N-acylindoles and N-acylcarbazoles".Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry.20 (1):247–248.doi:10.1002/jhet.5570200154.
^Schifano F, Orsolini L, Papanti D, Corkery J (June 2016). "NPS: Medical Consequences Associated with Their Intake".Neuropharmacology of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences. Vol. 32. pp. 351–380.doi:10.1007/7854_2016_15.ISBN978-3-319-52442-9.OCLC643052237.PMID27272067.
^Coney LD, Maier LJ, Ferris JA, Winstock AR, Barratt MJ (May 2017). "Genie in a blotter: A comparative study of LSD and LSD analogues' effects and user profile".Hum Psychopharmacol.32 (3).doi:10.1002/hup.2599.PMID28517366.
^Wagmann L, Richter LH, Kehl T, Wack F, Bergstrand MP, Brandt SD, Stratford A, Maurer HH, Meyer MR (July 2019). "In vitro metabolic fate of nine LSD-based new psychoactive substances and their analytical detectability in different urinary screening procedures".Anal Bioanal Chem.411 (19):4751–4763.doi:10.1007/s00216-018-1558-9.PMID30617391.
^WO 2024/028495, Stratford A, Williamson JP, "Prodrugs of Substituted Ergolines", published 8 February 2024, assigned to Synex Holdings BV
^Grumann C, Henkel K, Stratford A, Hermanns-Clausen M, Passie T, Brandt SD, Auwärter V (September 2019). "Validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the quantitative analysis of 1P-LSD and its tentative metabolite LSD in fortified urine and serum samples including stability tests for 1P-LSD under different storage conditions".J Pharm Biomed Anal.174:270–276.doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2019.05.062.PMID31181490.
^Zhang SH, Tang AS, Chin RS, Goh JY, Ong MC, Lim WJ, Yap AT, So CW (May 2023). "Stability studies of ALD-52 and its homologue 1P-LSD".J Forensic Sci.68 (3):1009–1019.doi:10.1111/1556-4029.15224.PMID36779453.
