19 is the debutstudio album by the English singer-songwriterAdele, released on 28 January 2008 byXL Recordings. Following Adele's graduation from theBRIT School in April 2006, she began publishing songs and recorded a three-song demo for a class project and gave it to a friend. They posted the demo onMySpace, where it became successful and led to interest from the record label. This led to Adele signing a recording contract at age 17 with the label and providing vocals forJack Peñate. During the session for Peñate's, she met the producerJim Abbiss, who produced the majority of19.
19 became a global success, reaching number one in the United Kingdom, and reaching the top 10 in fifteen other countries, including the United States.[6][7] It has sold over 8.5 million copies worldwide[8][9] and has also sold over 2.5 million copies in the UK to become one of the best-selling albums of the 21st century. The album is among the top 20 best-selling debut albums in the UK.[10] In support of19, Adele embarked on a concert tour,An Evening with Adele, across North America and United Kingdom, which received acclaim.
Adele graduated from theBRIT School for Performing Arts & Technology in Croydon in April 2006,[11] where she was a classmate ofLeona Lewis andJessie J.[12][13] Adele credits the school with nurturing her talent[2] even though, at the time, she was more interested in going intoA&R and hoped to launch other people's careers.[12]Four months after graduation, she published two songs on the fourth issue of the online arts publicationPlatformsMagazine.com.[14] She had recorded a three-song demo for a class project and given it to a friend.[12] The friend posted the demo on Myspace, where it became very successful and led to a phone call from Richard Russell, boss of the music label XL Recordings. She doubted if the offer was real because the only record company she knew wasVirgin Records, and she took a friend with her to the meeting.[13][15]
Nick Huggett, at XL, recommended Adele to manager Jonathan Dickins at September Management, and in June 2006, Dickins became her official representative.[16] September was managingJamie T at the time and this proved a major draw for Adele, a big fan of the British singer-songwriter. Huggett then signed Adele to XL in September 2006.[16] Adele provided vocals forJack Peñate's song, "My Yvonne", for his debut albumMatinée, and it was during this session she first met producerJim Abbiss, who would go on to produce both the majority of her debut album,19, and tracks on21.[17] Adele recorded a cover ofBob Dylan's "Make You Feel My Love" on the recommendation of her manager Jonathan Dickins, who loved the song.[16]
The first single released from19 was "Chasing Pavements", which Adele wrote in collaboration withEg White.[18] "Chasing Pavements" was inspired by an incident Adele had with a former boyfriend of six months.[12] After learning he had cheated on her, she went to the bar he was at and punched him in the face.[12] After being thrown out, Adele walked down the street alone and thought to herself, "What is it you're chasing? You're chasing an empty pavement."[2] She sang and recorded it on her mobile phone and arranged the chords when she got home.[12] Adele and White co-wrote two other songs for the album: "Melt My Heart to Stone" and "Tired".[18] She also collaborated withSacha Skarbek on the single "Cold Shoulder".[18] However, most of the songs were written solely by Adele, including "Best for Last", "Crazy for You", "First Love", and "My Same", as well as her debut single, "Hometown Glory".[18] That song was written by Adele in 10 minutes after her mother tried to persuade her to leave her home town ofWest Norwood in London for university.[19]
In July 2008, Adele informed noted UK soul writer Pete Lewis of the award-winningBlues & Soul that the reason for naming her debut album '19' was to reflect her age while she was writing it: "I just kinda remember becoming a bit of a woman during that time. And I think that is definitely documented in the songs."[20] The Taiwanese edition was released on 5 March, with three bonus tracks: "That's It I Quit I'm Movin' On" ("Chasing Pavements" B-side), "Now and Then" ("Cold Shoulder" B-side) and "Painting Pictures" ("Make You Feel My Love" B-side).[21] The Indonesian special edition was released on 3 March. As well as the standard track list, the album features a bonus video for "Chasing Pavements".[22]
By 2008, Adele had become the headliner and performed an acoustic set, in which she was supported byDamien Rice.[23][24]She embarked on a short North American tour in the same month,[25] and19 was released in the US in June.[2]Billboard magazine stated of it: "Adele truly has potential to become among the most respected and inspiring international artists of her generation."[3] TheAn Evening with Adele world tour began in May 2008 and ended in June 2009.[26]
She later cancelled the 2008 US tour dates to be with a former boyfriend. She said inNylon magazine in June 2009, "I'm like, 'I can't believe I did that.' It seems so ungrateful.... I was drinking far too much and that was kind of the basis of my relationship with this boy. I couldn't bear to be without him, so I was like, 'Well, OK, I'll just cancel my stuff then.'" By the middle of October 2008, Adele's attempt to break in America appeared to have failed.[27][28] But then she was booked as the musical guest on the 18 October 2008 episode ofNBC'sSaturday Night Live. The episode, which included an expected appearance by then US vice-presidential candidateSarah Palin, earned the program its best ratings in 14 years with 17 million viewers. Adele performed "Chasing Pavements" and "Cold Shoulder",[29] and the following day,19 topped the iTunes charts and ranked at number five at Amazon.com while "Chasing Pavements" rose into the top 25.[30] The album reached number 11 on theBillboard 200 as a result, a jump of 35 places over the previous week.[31]
19 received generally positive reviews from critics who praised Adele's vocal prowess and songwriting talent. It holds a 68 out of 100 rating, based on 19 critical reviews, atMetacritic.[32]
The Observer's Caspar Llewellyn Smith wrote in his review, "The way [Adele] stretched the vowels, her wonderful soulful phrasing, the sheer unadulterated pleasure of her voice, stood out all the more; little doubt that she's a rare singer, which another track first available on her MySpace site, 'Daydreamer', confirmed" they gave the album a five-star response.[38] "Pitching up somewhere betweenblues,folk andjazz, she's included something for everyone without ever pandering to a particular trend", wrote Chris Long fromBBC Music. "Her melodies exude warmth, her singing is occasionally stunning and, in the dramatic Hometown Glory, the spiky cool of Cold Shoulder (which is unexpectedly reminiscent ofShara Nelson-eraMassive Attack) and the piano epic Make You Feel My Love, she has tracks that makeLily Allen andKate Nash sound every bit as ordinary as they are."[43]
Chuck Taylor said inBillboard that "Adele truly has potential to become among the most respected and inspiring international artists of her generation."[3] Phil Gallo ofVariety wrote that19 was an "agreeable, soulful album, a varied mix of classic pop textures". He compared Lily Allen,Duffy, Kate Nash,Joss Stone andAmy Winehouse, who "are plowing single plots of R&B soil", to Adele, adopting "a broader perspective, assimilating various pre-disco R&B styles to create a field with the potential to bear fruit for years to come".[44]PopMatters's Ron Hart wrote: "This is music, mind you, that clear blows the roof off any other blue-eyed R&B album that has come out of Great Britain sinceMacca got down withStevie Wonder."[36]
Mikael Wood was less impressed inEntertainment Weekly, writing that "Adele's songs aren't as sharp as Duffy's ... Still, her singing throughout is a thing to behold."[34]Uncut was more critical, believing that "Adele can certainly sing, but '19' reeks of some A&R trendhound making it his/her biz to sign The New Amy and not resting till s/he's found the right chick from South London to fit the bill".[45] Andy Gill ofThe Independent said, "19 is a passably decent debut".[46] According toNME, "as '19' reveals itself, it's clear that the Amy associations are little more than empty mediaspeak without any real weight. Despite the early indicators, there's precious little on the album that prevents it from collapsing under the weight of its own expectation."[37]
19 was named in the top 20 best-selling debut albums of all time in the UK.
In the United Kingdom,19 debuted at number one.[47] In the same week as21 was released,19 climbed to number four on theUK Albums Chart with sales of 25,419 copies.[48] On 6 February 2011, it remained on the chart at number four, with strengthening sales of 27,660 copies. It was the second best selling album of 2011 in the United Kingdom, behind21, as it tripled its 2008 seven non-consecutive week-long top 10-visit with 21 straight weeks. As of March 2016,19 has sold over 2,309,000 copies in the United Kingdom.[49] In Ireland, due to the success of21, the album returned to its peak position of number 3 on the week ending 18 March 2011, three years after it originally peaked, just to set a new high at number two on the following week and to stay there for six non-consecutive weeks, behind21. The album debuted at number 16 on theNew Zealand Albums Chart,due to the success of21 and has peaked at number three.[50] In March 2017,19 returned to No. five in its 58th charting week with her other two albums in the top five as well.[51]19 has sold over 2.5 million copies in the United Kingdom and over 8.5 million copies worldwide as of 2022.[10] and was named in top 20 best-selling debut albums of all time in the United Kingdom.[10]
In the United States,19 debuted at number 61 and remained in the lower ends of theBillboard 200 for many proceeding weeks. After a performance on the US showSaturday Night Live, it rose to number 46 and a week later to number 11 with 25,000+ copies sold. In 2009, after winning twoGrammy Awards, the album rose to number 10 on the USBillboard 200 and total sales reached 843,880. In February 2012,19 reached a new peak of number 4 on theBillboard 200, and the album is now a certified double platinum by thecertified (RIAA) in the United States.[52] As of the week ending 24 April 2011,19 was a number one on theTop Pop Catalog Albums for nine weeks, making it only the third album by a female artist to top that chart at least that long in the past 20 years.[53] On the following week, it stayed at number one on the chart, making it the first studio album doing so sinceMichael Jackson'sThriller 25 was at number one for 11 weeks in 2008.[54] Months later, it had moved up from number 27 to number 16 on theBillboard 200, topping the Top Pop Catalog Albums for the sixteenth week.[55]
In Australia, the album returned to the top 10, at No. 9, in its 74th charting week in March 2017 with her other studio albums25 and21 placed at No. 2 and 4 respectively.
Adele became the first recipient of theBrit AwardsCritics' Choice and was named the number-one predicted breakthrough act of 2008 in an annual BBC poll of music critics, Sound of 2008.[56][57]The TimesEncyclopedia of Modern Music named19 an "essential"blue-eyed soul recording.[58] The album was nominated for the 2008Mercury Prize in the category of Best Album.[59] She also won anUrban Music Award for "Best Jazz Act".[60] She also received aQ Awards nomination in the category of Breakthrough Act[61] and a Music of Black Origin nomination in the category of Best UK Female.[62] On 3 December 2008, the album spawned fourGrammy Award nominations:Best New Artist for Adele, andRecord of the Year,Song of the Year, andBest Female Pop Vocal Performance for "Chasing Pavements".[63] The following year, she received a second consecutive nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, for "Hometown Glory", but lost to "Halo" byBeyoncé.
Her success occurred simultaneously with several other British female soul singers, with the British press dubbing her a newAmy Winehouse.[12] This was described as a thirdBritish Musical Invasion of the US.[13] However, Adele called the comparisons between her and other female soul singers lazy, noting "we're a gender, not a genre".[2][27][67] AllMusic wrote that "Adele is simply too magical to compare her to anyone."[68]Following the release of her debut album19,Kanye West and Beyoncé were among the artists vocal in their praise of her music.[2] Beyoncé cited Adele as one of the influences for her fourth album,4.[69] Revisiting Adele’s debut album, 15 years on,Virgin Radio said19 truly cemented Adele’s status as one of the most powerful voices and performers in the industry, and that her debut release was just the tip of the iceberg on one of the most incredible careers in music.[9]
Adele Adkins – lead vocals, guitar (on "Daydreamer", "Crazy for You", and "My Same"), bass guitar (on "Best for Last" and "Make You Feel My Love"),celesta (on "First Love"),cowbell (on "Right as Rain")
Matt Allchin – guitar
Pete Biggins – drums,percussion (on "Cold Shoulder")
* Sales figures based on certification alone. ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone. ‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
^The expanded edition cover only features Adele's name and the album's title name with the same font as the standard edition cover on a black background.
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