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 County results Municipality resultsLeahy: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% Tuttle: 40-50% 50-60% | |||||||||||||||||
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The1998 United States Senate election in Vermont was held November 3, 1998. Incumbent Democratic U.S. SenatorPatrick Leahy won reelection to a fifth term.[1]
Notably, the Republican nominee, dairy farmer and actorFred Tuttle, had run to draw attention to the mock documentary filmMan with a Plan, of which he was the star, and to ridicule Republican candidateJack McMullen as too new to Vermont to represent it in Washington. With no previous political experience, Tuttle secured the nomination, and immediately endorsed Leahy and all but withdrew from the race. His campaign, which had been conducted primarily from his front porch inTunbridge, Vermont, spent only $251 during the election season and featured the slogans "Spread Fred!" and "Why Not?". Despite his endorsement of Leahy, Tuttle still received 48,051 votes, or 22% of the total.[2]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Patrick Leahy (incumbent) | 18,643 | 96.65% | |
| Democratic | Write-ins | 647 | 3.35% | |
| Total votes | 19,290 | 100.00% | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grassroots | Robert Melamede | 137 | 59.57% | |
| Grassroots | Write-ins | 93 | 40.43% | |
| Total votes | 230 | 100.00% | ||
McMullen had maintained a vacation home inWarren, Vermont beginning in 1983, and he made Vermont his permanent residence beginning in 1997.[4][5]
In 1998, he declared his candidacy for theRepublican nomination for U.S. Senator.[5] As related by Chris Graff, longtime Vermont bureau chief for theAssociated Press, McMullen's candidacy sustained an immediate blow when Graff interviewed retired SenatorRobert Stafford about theJanuary 1998 ice storm and other current events.[6] During the discussion, Stafford persistently got McMullen's name wrong, calling him "Mulholland".[6] Graff wrote that he tried to politely correct Stafford, but finally realized that Stafford's intent was to convey his opinion that McMullen was too unknown and too new to Vermont to be a viable candidate.[6] Thelede in the resulting story was that Vermont's senior Republican was of the view that McMullen had not lived in the state long enough to represent it in the senate, and Stafford's dismissal of McMullen as "Mulholland or whatever his name is" became arunning joke among reporters and political operatives.[6]
In the Republican primary, McMullen facedFred Tuttle, a retired dairy farmer who had starred in a mock documentary film calledMan with a Plan, a comedy about a retired farmer who decides to run for Vermont's seat in theUnited States House of Representatives.[5] Tuttle and filmmakerJohn O'Brien considered using a Tuttle candidacy to promote the film, and accepted a suggestion from political columnist Peter Freyne to challenge McMullen rather than incumbent CongressmanBernie Sanders.[4] Tuttle then ran in the Republican U.S. Senate primary, partly to generate awareness of the movie, and partly to mock McMullen as acarpetbagger and flatlander (Vermont slang for an out-of-stater) who had moved to Vermont only because he thought it would be easier to run for the Senate there than in more populousMassachusetts.[4] McMullen was slow to recognize that the Tuttle/O'Brien strategy was viable; when the McMullen campaign challenged Tuttle's nominating petitions as 23 short of the required 500 signatures, Tuttle turned in an additional 2,300.[4]
During a debate before the primary, Tuttle underscored McMullen's newness to Vermont.[4] One question he posed to McMullen was "What's atedder?"[5] (A machine for drying hay.)[5] Another was "What's rowen?" (The second cutting ofhay from the same field in one season.)[5] Tuttle continued with queries like "How manyteats aHolstein got?"[5] (Four; McMullen guessed six.)[5] Tuttle then provided McMullen a list of local place names and asked him to pronounce them.[5] McMullen's inexperience with Vermont geography showed, as he mispronounced names includingLeicester (Lester is correct),Calais (callous being the correct way), andCharlotte (shar-LOT, not Shar-Lit).[5]
The campaign made national headlines, and added to Tuttle's semi-celebrity status.[4] Despite McMullen spending over $500,000 to Tuttle's $200, on primary day, Tuttle beat McMullen 28,355 votes to 23,321 (54% to 44%).[4] Tuttle immediately announced his intention to vote for incumbentDemocratic SenatorPatrick Leahy, after which the two made several joint appearances.[4] On election day, Leahy defeated Tuttle and several minor candidates to win reelection.[4]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Fred Tuttle | 28,355 | 53.69% | |
| Republican | Jack McMullen | 23,321 | 44.16% | |
| Republican | Write-ins | 1,137 | 2.15% | |
| Total votes | 52,813 | 100.00% | ||
| Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size[a] | Margin of error | Patrick Leahy (D) | Fred Tuttle (R) | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mason Dixon[7] | August 1–3, 1998 | 628 (LV) | ± 4.0% | 69% | 20% | 11% |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Patrick Leahy (incumbent) | 154,567 | 72.22% | +18.05% | |
| Republican | Fred Tuttle | 48,051 | 22.45% | −20.90% | |
| Libertarian | Hugh Douglas | 4,199 | 1.96% | ||
| Independent | Barry Nelson | 2,893 | 1.35% | ||
| Grassroots | Robert Melamede | 2,459 | 1.15% | ||
| Liberty Union | Jerry Levy | 1,238 | 0.58% | −1.21% | |
| Write-ins | 629 | 0.29% | |||
| Majority | 106,516 | 49.77% | +38.95% | ||
| Turnout | 214,036 | ||||
| Democratichold | Swing | ||||
