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1985 in Israel

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Decades:

17 January – The Israeli government establishes theBejski Commission, a committee of inquiry charged with investigating the1983 Israel bank stock crisis.^[1]
16 February – Israel begins withdrawing troops fromLebanon.
10 March – Twelve IDF soldiers are killed in a suicide car attack nearMetulla.
22 April –Israel signs aFree Trade Agreement with theUnited States.^[2]
4 May –Izhar Cohen representsIsrael at the Eurovision Song Contest for the second time, with the song "Olé, Olé", achieving fifth place.^[3]
11 June –HaBonim disaster: 22 people, including 19 children, are killed when a train collides into a school bus at a railway crossing nearHaBonim.
1 July – The Israeli government introduces theEconomic Stabilization Plan to counter the dire economic situation and rapidly growing inflation.^[4]
July – The1985 Maccabiah Games are held.
4 September – TheIsraeli new shekel (NIS) is introduced. It does not replace the old shekel as Israel's official currency until 1 January 1986.
5 October –Ras Burqa massacre: An Egyptian soldier shoots and kills seven Israeli vacationers (including four children) atRas Burqa, a beach resort in theSinai peninsula.
21 November –Jonathan Pollard, a US naval intelligence analyst who spied for Israeli intelligence, is arrested by theFBI at the gates of the Israeli Embassy in Washington while trying to seek asylum there.

The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1985 include:

Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets

This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(August 2010)

The most prominentPalestinian Arab terror attacks committed against Israelis during 1985 include:

9 April –Sana'a Mouhadly of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party detonated herself in an explosive-laden vehicle in Lebanon, killing two Israeli soldiers and injuring two more, becoming the first reported female suicide bomber.^[5]
21 May – TheJibril Agreement – Israel releases 1,150 security prisoners being held in Israeli prisoners in exchange for three Israeli soldiers captured during the1982 Lebanon War.
25 September – An Arab terrorist cell takes over an Israeliyacht off the coast ofLarnaca,Cyprus and kills its three Israeli occupants. An elite section of the PLO known asForce 17 claims responsibility for the attack.
7 October – The Italian cruise shipMS Achille Lauro is hijacked in theMediterranean Sea by Palestinian Arab militants. The hijackers' original aim was to use the ship to slip into Israel. However, crew members discover them cleaning weapons, and the group then seizes control of the ship; holding the passengers and crew hostage, they direct the vessel to sail toTartus,Syria, and demand the release of 50Palestinian Arabs then in Israeli prisons. During the incident, the militants kill the passengerLeon Klinghoffer, a 69-year-old wheelchair-using Jewish American, and throw him overboard.
27 December – Palestinian Arab militants fromAbu Nidal's militant group open fire at the counters ofEl Al in the airports of Rome andVienna. 18 Israelis were killed and 40 were injured.^[6]

Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets

This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(December 2010)

The most prominent Israeli militarycounter-terrorism operations (military campaigns andmilitary operations) carried out againstPalestinian militants during 1985 include:

4 August – Defence Minister Rabin launches an Iron Fist policy in West Bank.^[7]
1 October – After three Israeli civilians were killed on board a yacht off the coast of Cyprus by the PLO'sForce 17, theIsraeli Air Force carried outOperation Wooden Leg, striking the PLO base in Tunis and killing 60 PLO members.

18 January –Mordechai Bentov (born 1900), Russian (Poland)-born Israeli journalist and politician.
31 January –Menachem Bader (born 1895), Austro-Hungarian (Galicia)-born Haganah member and Israeli politician.
24 April –Yitzhak Kahan (born 1913), Austro-Hungarian (Galicia)-born Israeli jurist, sixth President of theSupreme Court of Israel.
29 September –Yona Wallach (born 1944), Israeli poet.
6 October –Noah Moses (born 1912), publisher and editor ofYedioth Ahronoth.
7 December –Shlomo Rosen (born 1905), Austro-Hungarian (Austrian Silesia)-born Israeli politician and minister.
30 November –Joseph Zaritsky (born 1891), Russian (Ukraine)-born Israeli painter.
Full date unknown
- Benjamin Akzin (born 1904), Russian (Latvia)-born early Zionist activist and Israeli university professor.
- Moshe Rudolf Bloch (b 1902), German-born Israeli scientist.
- Moshe Rachmilewitz (born 1898), Russian (Belarus)-born leading Israeli doctor.
- Eliezer Smoli (born 1901), Russian (Ukraine)-born Israeli writer, famous for his children's books.

This section is empty. You can help byadding to it.(July 2010)

^Nissan Liviatan; Haim Barkai (18 January 2007).The Bank of Israel: Volume 2: Selected Topics in Israel's Monetary Policy. Oxford University Press. p. 151.ISBN 978-0-19-534579-7.
^Israel-US Free Trade Area Agreement
^"1985 Israel – Ole, ole".Diggiloo Thrush. Retrieved29 July 2021.
^The Economy of Modern Israel: Malaise and Promise, Assaf Razin and Efraim Sadka, p. 29-30
^The Cult of the Suicide Bomber onYouTube
^"Major Terror Attacks (1952–2003)."
^Hiltermann, Joost R. (1991)Behind the Intifada. Labor and Women's Movements in the Occupied Territories. Princeton University Press.ISBN 0-691-07869-6 p 114

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