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| Turnout | 80.9% ( 1.3pp) | ||||||||||||||||||
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 Election result per province. Marcos won in every province, city, and municipality. | |||||||||||||||||||
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June 1981 Philippine referendum | |||||||||||||||||||
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Should there be barangay elections right after the presidential elections? | |||||||||||||||||||
| Outcome | Proposal carried | ||||||||||||||||||
| Results | |||||||||||||||||||
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 Philippines portal |
The1981 Philippine presidential election and national referendum was held on June 16, 1981. It was the first time an election was held in thePhilippines, 12 years after the1969 Philippine presidential election, thedeclaration of martial law on September 21, 1972 and under the 1973constitution. PresidentFerdinand E. Marcos of theKilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) defeated retired general andWorld War II veteranAlejo Santos of theNacionalista Party in a landslide victory. Most opposition parties boycotted the election as a sign of protest over the1978 election for theInterim Batasang Pambansa (National Assembly), which they condemned as fraudulent. At the same time, a national referendum was held on the question in holdingelections for barangay elections in 1982.
Marcos' 80% margin of victory is the most lopsidedPhilippine presidential election ever, beating outManuel L. Quezon's landslide victory of 64% in1941. Marcos getting 88% of the vote is also the largest in Philippine presidential election history, also beating Quezon's 1941 record of 82%. This is also the most votes received by a person in the Philippines for a single-winner election until2022 whenSara Duterte won 32 million votes; for multiple-winner elections, it was beaten byMar Roxas in2004 with 19 million votes. This was also the presidential election with the most number of candidates, with 13, although nine candidates with the fewest votes collectively just got 0.13% of the vote.
Marcos would have served another six-year term ending in 1987, but it was cut short by the1986 snap election that eventually resulted in his ouster in thePeople Power Revolution.
On January 17, 1981, President Marcos announced the lifting of martial law via Proclamation No. 2045; in his address, he also inaugurated the "New Republic." Although martial law has ended, Marcos retained all presidential decrees, legislative powers and the suspension of the privilege of thewrit of habeas corpus. The lifting of martial law was speculated to be due to theelection of U.S. PresidentRonald Reagan, with whom Marcos wanted to have close relationship with and who was to beinaugurated only three days later, and the arrival ofPope John Paul II in the country. In February, theInterim Batasang Pambansa (parliament) passed a constitutional amendment that changed the parliamentary system of government to a semi-presidential modeled on that ofFrance. The electorate approved the amendment in aplebiscite held in April. Marcos then called for a presidential election to be scheduled in June.[1]
The opposition, as early as April, had decided to boycott the election. TheUnited Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO), the main opposition umbrella group, wanted to clean the voters' list, a revamping of theCommission on Elections, a campaign to be held nationwide and that UNIDO accredited as a minority party. Marcos did not accept the demands which led UNIDO to call for a boycott. This caused for Marcos to be reportedly dismayed as he could not legitimize the election without a viable opposition candidate.[1] UNIDO also refused to participate asBenigno Aquino Jr. (who was in exile inMassachusetts) was not allowed to participate since only people fifty years old or older were allowed to participate (Aquino was 48 years old at the time).[2]
Marcos instructedNacionalista Party presidentJose Roy to find a token candidate to oppose him. The Nacionalista Party was then a moribund political entity because Marcos, who was elected twice before under its banner, had alternately lured and coerced the vast majority its members to his new Kilusang Bagong Lipunan. The Nacionalista Party chose formerDefense Secretary andBulacan governorAlejo Santos as their standard bearer. Santos, who was appointed by Marcos as chairman of the board of thePhilippine Veterans Bank, hadFrancisco Tatad, Marcos' former information minister, as his campaign manager. The other main candidate wasBartolome Cabangbang of theFederal Party, whose platform was for the Philippines to become the 51st state of theUnited States.[1]
With UNIDO pressing for a boycott, the government issued a statement thatabstention was a mortal sin; theArchbishop of Manila,CardinalJaime Sin responded that the people "were free to exercise their moral judgment whether to vote or not." Those who did not vote on the April plebiscite were issued summons to force them to vote.[2]
Marcos won in every province and city canvassed by theBatasang Pambansa. Marcos' vote totals won't be surpassed until2022, when his sonBongbong won the presidency.
Marcos won overwhelmingly,[1] but with people remembering the American colonial era and wanting a change from the martial law conditions, Cabangbang surprisingly got 4% of the vote.[2]
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ferdinand Marcos | Kilusang Bagong Lipunan | 18,309,360 | 88.02 | |
| Alejo Santos | Nacionalista Party (Roy wing)[a] | 1,716,449 | 8.25 | |
| Bartolome Cabangbang | Federal Party | 749,845 | 3.60 | |
| Delfin R. Manapaz | Independent | 6,499 | 0.03 | |
| Ursula C. Dajao | Independent | 4,955 | 0.02 | |
| Benito L. Valdez | Independent | 4,224 | 0.02 | |
| Lope B. Rimando | Independent | 1,954 | 0.01 | |
| Lucio A. Hinigpit | Sovereign Citizen Party | 1,945 | 0.01 | |
| Pacifico S. Morelos | Independent | 1,740 | 0.01 | |
| Jose C. Igrobay | Independent | 1,421 | 0.01 | |
| Simeon G. del Rosario | Independent | 1,234 | 0.01 | |
| Salvador Q. Enage | Independent | 1,185 | 0.01 | |
| Florencio Z. Tipano | Independent | 592 | 0.00 | |
| Total | 20,801,403 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 20,801,403 | 95.23 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,042,426 | 4.77 | ||
| Total votes | 21,843,829 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 26,986,451 | 80.94 | ||
| Source: Nohlen, Grotz, Hartmann, Hasall and Santos[3] | ||||
| Marcos | 88.02% | |||
| Santos | 8.25% | |||
| Others | 3.73% | |||
| Province/City | Marcos | Santos | Cabangbang | Manapaz | Dajao | Valdez | Rimando | Hingpit | Morelos | Igrobay | Del Rosario | Enage | Tipanao | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | |
| Abra | 85,633 | 99.58 | 302 | 0.35 | 53 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Agusan del Norte | 48,920 | 62.08 | 28,264 | 35.87 | 1,449 | 1.84 | 30 | 0.04 | 18 | 0.02 | 22 | 0.03 | 8 | 0.01 | 68 | 0.09 | 7 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 |
| Agusan del Sur | 115,080 | 88.86 | 12,179 | 9.40 | 2,074 | 1.60 | 21 | 0.02 | 25 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 79 | 0.06 | 6 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 |
| Aklan | 152,479 | 98.59 | 1,855 | 1.20 | 301 | 0.19 | 8 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Albay | 182,609 | 78.44 | 46,491 | 19.97 | 3,122 | 1.34 | 88 | 0.04 | 92 | 0.04 | 130 | 0.06 | 35 | 0.02 | 74 | 0.03 | 37 | 0.02 | 44 | 0.02 | 43 | 0.02 | 29 | 0.01 | 11 | 0.00 |
| Angeles City | 49,429 | 80.32 | 8,574 | 13.93 | 3,368 | 5.47 | 27 | 0.04 | 75 | 0.12 | 12 | 0.02 | 13 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 |
| Antique | 169,359 | 99.40 | 682 | 0.40 | 330 | 0.19 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 14 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Aurora | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Bacolod | 161,855 | 99.41 | 452 | 0.28 | 504 | 0.31 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Bago | 44,845 | 99.50 | 169 | 0.37 | 58 | 0.13 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Baguio | 59,339 | 86.59 | 5,836 | 8.52 | 3,048 | 4.45 | 31 | 0.05 | 57 | 0.08 | 38 | 0.06 | 122 | 0.18 | 9 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 |
| Bais | 16,357 | 85.80 | 791 | 4.15 | 1,895 | 9.94 | 6 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Basilan | 51,544 | 86.60 | 5,820 | 9.78 | 2,081 | 3.50 | 10 | 0.02 | 15 | 0.03 | 16 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.02 |
| Bataan | 115,133 | 86.62 | 14,559 | 10.95 | 1,646 | 1.24 | 1,376 | 1.04 | 30 | 0.02 | 82 | 0.06 | 19 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 21 | 0.02 | 16 | 0.01 | 17 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 |
| Batanes | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Batangas | 323,158 | 86.89 | 43,811 | 11.78 | 4,456 | 1.20 | 126 | 0.03 | 86 | 0.02 | 84 | 0.02 | 44 | 0.01 | 32 | 0.01 | 30 | 0.01 | 31 | 0.01 | 29 | 0.01 | 12 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.00 |
| Batangas City | 50,576 | 89.46 | 4,863 | 8.60 | 1,016 | 1.80 | 13 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 |
| Benguet | 83,277 | 83.19 | 15,464 | 15.45 | 1,107 | 1.11 | 30 | 0.03 | 73 | 0.07 | 48 | 0.05 | 31 | 0.03 | 10 | 0.01 | 29 | 0.03 | 9 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.01 | 15 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 |
| Bohol | 276,407 | 84.09 | 18,639 | 5.67 | 33,517 | 10.20 | 39 | 0.01 | 18 | 0.01 | 33 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.00 | 15 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 |
| Bukidnon | 165,234 | 81.95 | 15,910 | 7.89 | 19,896 | 9.87 | 75 | 0.04 | 127 | 0.06 | 153 | 0.08 | 41 | 0.02 | 34 | 0.02 | 62 | 0.03 | 10 | 0.00 | 25 | 0.01 | 37 | 0.02 | 20 | 0.01 |
| Bulacan | 351,042 | 75.37 | 110,607 | 23.75 | 3,823 | 0.82 | 87 | 0.02 | 65 | 0.01 | 17 | 0.00 | 29 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.00 | 24 | 0.01 | 27 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.00 |
| Butuan | 39,317 | 59.02 | 25,315 | 38.00 | 1,455 | 2.18 | 27 | 0.04 | 25 | 0.04 | 18 | 0.03 | 4 | 0.01 | 413 | 0.62 | 29 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Cabanatuan | 58,547 | 90.24 | 5,712 | 8.80 | 612 | 0.94 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Cadiz | 59,488 | 99.62 | 157 | 0.26 | 72 | 0.12 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Cagayan | 311,783 | 97.27 | 8,166 | 2.55 | 467 | 0.15 | 18 | 0.01 | 36 | 0.01 | 35 | 0.01 | 15 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Cagayan de Oro | 70,172 | 82.06 | 6,593 | 7.71 | 8,453 | 9.88 | 41 | 0.05 | 64 | 0.07 | 79 | 0.09 | 13 | 0.02 | 31 | 0.04 | 15 | 0.02 | 11 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.02 | 15 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.01 |
| Calbayog | 38,485 | 93.77 | 2,129 | 5.19 | 399 | 0.97 | 6 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 21 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Caloocan | 256,048 | 93.99 | 10,813 | 3.97 | 5,406 | 1.98 | 42 | 0.02 | 22 | 0.01 | 21 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 17 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.00 |
| Camarines Norte | 40,293 | 57.18 | 28,136 | 39.93 | 1,716 | 2.44 | 96 | 0.14 | 55 | 0.08 | 65 | 0.09 | 15 | 0.02 | 14 | 0.02 | 18 | 0.03 | 12 | 0.02 | 28 | 0.04 | 13 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.01 |
| Camarines Sur | 226,582 | 72.24 | 85,002 | 27.10 | 1,722 | 0.55 | 55 | 0.02 | 111 | 0.04 | 53 | 0.02 | 31 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.00 | 33 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.00 | 26 | 0.01 | 17 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.00 |
| Camiguin | 21,308 | 90.95 | 1,396 | 5.96 | 701 | 2.99 | 4 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 |
| Canlaon | 10,246 | 91.78 | 528 | 4.73 | 384 | 3.44 | 4 | 0.04 | 1 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Capiz | 230,033 | 96.15 | 6,900 | 2.88 | 2,300 | 0.96 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Catanduanes | 46,485 | 63.33 | 26,877 | 36.62 | 28 | 0.04 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Cavite | 303,187 | 99.16 | 2,113 | 0.69 | 386 | 0.13 | 3 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 16 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 |
| Cavite City | 38,822 | 84.80 | 5,567 | 12.16 | 1,323 | 2.89 | 11 | 0.02 | 13 | 0.03 | 7 | 0.02 | 11 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.02 | 7 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Cebu | 503,905 | 90.91 | 23,998 | 4.33 | 26,111 | 4.71 | 96 | 0.02 | 49 | 0.01 | 39 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.00 | 23 | 0.00 | 27 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.00 | 16 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 |
| Cebu City | 248,385 | 86.39 | 20,190 | 7.02 | 18,774 | 6.53 | 2 | 0.00 | 94 | 0.03 | 72 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Cotabato City | 25,795 | 83.37 | 4,201 | 13.58 | 800 | 2.59 | 5 | 0.02 | 109 | 0.35 | 16 | 0.05 | 6 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Dagupan | 36,729 | 85.99 | 5,262 | 12.32 | 671 | 1.57 | 5 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.01 | 28 | 0.07 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Danao | 51,408 | 99.71 | 95 | 0.18 | 53 | 0.10 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Dapitan | 19,528 | 88.67 | 1,828 | 8.30 | 654 | 2.97 | 5 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Davao City | 112,838 | 51.51 | 6,970 | 3.18 | 98,835 | 45.12 | 55 | 0.03 | 94 | 0.04 | 83 | 0.04 | 45 | 0.02 | 41 | 0.02 | 26 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.01 | 24 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.00 |
| Davao del Norte | 158,528 | 57.98 | 8,234 | 3.01 | 106,151 | 38.83 | 58 | 0.02 | 124 | 0.05 | 85 | 0.03 | 61 | 0.02 | 41 | 0.01 | 45 | 0.02 | 11 | 0.00 | 34 | 0.01 | 24 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.00 |
| Davao del Sur | 103,437 | 62.80 | 4,909 | 2.98 | 56,135 | 34.08 | 25 | 0.02 | 59 | 0.04 | 48 | 0.03 | 16 | 0.01 | 19 | 0.01 | 21 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.00 | 24 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.00 |
| Davao Oriental | 87,293 | 66.73 | 4,978 | 3.81 | 38,444 | 29.39 | 14 | 0.01 | 31 | 0.02 | 20 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Dipolog | 22,068 | 82.81 | 2,825 | 10.60 | 1,694 | 6.36 | 9 | 0.03 | 11 | 0.04 | 29 | 0.11 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 |
| Dumaguete | 21,123 | 77.14 | 2,532 | 9.25 | 3,626 | 13.24 | 9 | 0.03 | 37 | 0.14 | 20 | 0.07 | 3 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.03 | 7 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.02 | 7 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 |
| Eastern Samar | 137,958 | 96.03 | 4,241 | 2.95 | 1,459 | 1.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| General Santos | 49,425 | 81.50 | 3,937 | 6.49 | 7,158 | 11.80 | 13 | 0.02 | 27 | 0.04 | 10 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.02 | 15 | 0.02 | 23 | 0.04 | 10 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 |
| Gingoog | 23,931 | 82.02 | 3,200 | 10.97 | 1,964 | 6.73 | 31 | 0.11 | 11 | 0.04 | 11 | 0.04 | 4 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.03 | 4 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 |
| Ifugao | 40,950 | 93.47 | 2,600 | 5.93 | 233 | 0.53 | 4 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Iligan | 39,742 | 72.17 | 11,191 | 20.32 | 3,875 | 7.04 | 38 | 0.07 | 67 | 0.12 | 57 | 0.10 | 12 | 0.02 | 14 | 0.03 | 22 | 0.04 | 11 | 0.02 | 19 | 0.03 | 16 | 0.03 | 7 | 0.01 |
| Ilocos Norte | 174,932 | 100.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Ilocos Sur | 225,761 | 98.71 | 2,533 | 1.11 | 401 | 0.18 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Iloilo | 547,040 | 96.80 | 11,907 | 2.11 | 6,184 | 1.09 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Iloilo City | 156,407 | 90.84 | 11,047 | 6.42 | 4,734 | 2.75 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Iriga | 17,004 | 62.09 | 10,211 | 37.28 | 156 | 0.57 | 3 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Isabela | 423,367 | 99.21 | 3,089 | 0.72 | 259 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Kalinga-Apayao | 87,196 | 95.86 | 3,434 | 3.78 | 248 | 0.27 | 11 | 0.01 | 20 | 0.02 | 14 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 |
| La Carlota | 31,874 | 100.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| La Union | 227,319 | 98.02 | 3,696 | 1.59 | 890 | 0.38 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Laguna | 317,699 | 86.92 | 42,833 | 11.72 | 4,945 | 1.35 | 3 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Lanao del Norte | 103,905 | 86.94 | 11,721 | 9.81 | 3,617 | 3.03 | 36 | 0.03 | 54 | 0.05 | 98 | 0.08 | 6 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 25 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.01 | 15 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.01 |
| Lanao del Sur | 208,092 | 97.62 | 4,750 | 2.23 | 313 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Laoag | 39,149 | 99.87 | 30 | 0.08 | 19 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Lapu-Lapu City | 43,081 | 94.93 | 998 | 2.20 | 1,279 | 2.82 | 3 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Las Piñas | 71,045 | 92.18 | 5,649 | 7.33 | 286 | 0.37 | 22 | 0.03 | 1 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.01 | 15 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.00 | 25 | 0.03 | 6 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Legazpi | 36,289 | 87.09 | 4,932 | 11.84 | 385 | 0.92 | 8 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.03 | 16 | 0.04 | 2 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 |
| Leyte | 516,241 | 98.45 | 5,768 | 1.10 | 2,381 | 0.45 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Lipa | 45,509 | 88.36 | 4,841 | 9.40 | 1,084 | 2.10 | 15 | 0.03 | 9 | 0.02 | 16 | 0.03 | 8 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Lucena | 35,666 | 81.63 | 7,024 | 16.08 | 942 | 2.16 | 11 | 0.03 | 15 | 0.03 | 9 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Maguindanao | 229,992 | 95.45 | 9,619 | 3.99 | 906 | 0.38 | 37 | 0.02 | 53 | 0.02 | 95 | 0.04 | 32 | 0.01 | 37 | 0.02 | 58 | 0.02 | 31 | 0.01 | 32 | 0.01 | 32 | 0.01 | 24 | 0.01 |
| Makati | 282,765 | 93.35 | 12,654 | 4.18 | 6,652 | 2.20 | 166 | 0.05 | 195 | 0.06 | 57 | 0.02 | 65 | 0.02 | 81 | 0.03 | 50 | 0.02 | 80 | 0.03 | 40 | 0.01 | 100 | 0.03 | 10 | 0.00 |
| Malabon | 123,392 | 97.83 | 1,766 | 1.40 | 970 | 0.77 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Mandaluyong | 114,719 | 88.69 | 10,411 | 8.05 | 4,171 | 3.22 | 12 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Mandaue | 40,845 | 84.56 | 2,200 | 4.55 | 5,207 | 10.78 | 11 | 0.02 | 11 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 | 11 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Manila | 687,024 | 86.15 | 78,196 | 9.81 | 29,211 | 3.66 | 1,116 | 0.14 | 506 | 0.06 | 372 | 0.05 | 219 | 0.03 | 126 | 0.02 | 134 | 0.02 | 249 | 0.03 | 102 | 0.01 | 116 | 0.01 | 58 | 0.01 |
| Marawi | 25,082 | 88.00 | 3,225 | 11.31 | 183 | 0.64 | 2 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Marikina | 74,107 | 73.21 | 13,357 | 13.19 | 13,688 | 13.52 | 22 | 0.02 | 24 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.00 | 13 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Marinduque | 69,078 | 91.49 | 5,715 | 7.57 | 500 | 0.66 | 26 | 0.03 | 102 | 0.14 | 28 | 0.04 | 9 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 29 | 0.04 | 3 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Masbate | 182,234 | 90.80 | 16,318 | 8.13 | 1,950 | 0.97 | 91 | 0.05 | 23 | 0.01 | 23 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 | 19 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Misamis Occidental | 66,338 | 81.59 | 8,859 | 10.90 | 5,820 | 7.16 | 74 | 0.09 | 85 | 0.10 | 54 | 0.07 | 12 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 21 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.02 | 9 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 |
| Misamis Oriental | 118,102 | 85.08 | 12,060 | 8.69 | 8,287 | 5.97 | 95 | 0.07 | 91 | 0.07 | 65 | 0.05 | 25 | 0.02 | 45 | 0.03 | 13 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.01 | 12 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 |
| Mountain Province | 33,413 | 91.14 | 2,822 | 7.70 | 312 | 0.85 | 23 | 0.06 | 19 | 0.05 | 3 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.04 | 20 | 0.05 | 6 | 0.02 | 7 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.03 | 6 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.01 |
| Muntinlupa | 76,927 | 95.76 | 2,657 | 3.31 | 734 | 0.91 | 5 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Naga | 28,622 | 80.70 | 6,378 | 17.98 | 385 | 1.09 | 9 | 0.03 | 28 | 0.08 | 10 | 0.03 | 6 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.02 |
| Navotas | 71,071 | 94.83 | 3,500 | 4.67 | 309 | 0.41 | 27 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Negros Occidental | 527,330 | 99.52 | 1,299 | 0.25 | 1,239 | 0.23 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Negros Oriental | 202,622 | 83.61 | 15,270 | 6.30 | 24,166 | 9.97 | 81 | 0.03 | 67 | 0.03 | 47 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.00 | 29 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 19 | 0.01 | 11 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 |
| North Cotabato | 127,700 | 72.34 | 41,339 | 23.42 | 7,090 | 4.02 | 44 | 0.02 | 59 | 0.03 | 120 | 0.07 | 39 | 0.02 | 29 | 0.02 | 50 | 0.03 | 9 | 0.01 | 24 | 0.01 | 17 | 0.01 | 19 | 0.01 |
| Northern Samar | 148,552 | 91.33 | 12,851 | 7.90 | 1,176 | 0.72 | 15 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 20 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Nueva Ecija | 328,440 | 91.55 | 28,812 | 8.03 | 1,375 | 0.38 | 28 | 0.01 | 26 | 0.01 | 37 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Nueva Vizcaya | 97,222 | 88.83 | 11,074 | 10.12 | 919 | 0.84 | 43 | 0.04 | 33 | 0.03 | 86 | 0.08 | 27 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 14 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Occidental Mindoro | 72,325 | 90.15 | 7,281 | 9.08 | 533 | 0.66 | 17 | 0.02 | 13 | 0.02 | 20 | 0.02 | 13 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.00 | 15 | 0.02 | 7 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Olongapo | 67,072 | 89.26 | 6,435 | 8.56 | 1,564 | 2.08 | 16 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Oriental Mindoro | 154,295 | 91.54 | 13,189 | 7.83 | 1,053 | 0.62 | 1 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Ormoc | 48,455 | 98.04 | 700 | 1.42 | 269 | 0.54 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Oroquieta | 11,457 | 69.69 | 2,522 | 15.34 | 2,337 | 14.21 | 18 | 0.11 | 55 | 0.33 | 17 | 0.10 | 6 | 0.04 | 6 | 0.04 | 10 | 0.06 | 1 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.03 | 4 | 0.02 |
| Ozamiz | 21,080 | 81.75 | 2,767 | 10.73 | 1,836 | 7.12 | 16 | 0.06 | 29 | 0.11 | 18 | 0.07 | 8 | 0.03 | 10 | 0.04 | 6 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Pagadian | 20,564 | 82.10 | 3,356 | 13.40 | 1,059 | 4.23 | 10 | 0.04 | 18 | 0.07 | 21 | 0.08 | 1 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Palawan | 83,646 | 85.93 | 12,790 | 13.14 | 766 | 0.79 | 23 | 0.02 | 23 | 0.02 | 40 | 0.04 | 7 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 | 15 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Palayan | 9,685 | 97.06 | 256 | 2.57 | 34 | 0.34 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Pampanga | 340,493 | 90.68 | 28,472 | 7.58 | 6,173 | 1.64 | 136 | 0.04 | 48 | 0.01 | 40 | 0.01 | 26 | 0.01 | 12 | 0.00 | 26 | 0.01 | 30 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.00 | 16 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 |
| Pangasinan | 574,285 | 89.62 | 61,965 | 9.67 | 4,067 | 0.63 | 65 | 0.01 | 44 | 0.01 | 263 | 0.04 | 31 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 20 | 0.00 | 19 | 0.00 | 35 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 |
| Parañaque | 124,782 | 93.23 | 8,449 | 6.31 | 609 | 0.46 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Pasay | 134,856 | 90.35 | 9,318 | 6.24 | 4,860 | 3.26 | 67 | 0.04 | 45 | 0.03 | 20 | 0.01 | 20 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.01 | 23 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 |
| Pasig | 159,577 | 91.55 | 11,767 | 6.75 | 2,705 | 1.55 | 58 | 0.03 | 58 | 0.03 | 30 | 0.02 | 31 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.00 | 22 | 0.01 | 24 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 |
| Pateros | 22,877 | 93.06 | 1,342 | 5.46 | 335 | 1.36 | 6 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 13 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 |
| Puerto Princesa | 22,556 | 89.49 | 2,481 | 9.84 | 157 | 0.62 | 4 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Quezon | 231,831 | 68.01 | 104,766 | 30.73 | 3,712 | 1.09 | 114 | 0.03 | 108 | 0.03 | 116 | 0.03 | 42 | 0.01 | 30 | 0.01 | 54 | 0.02 | 31 | 0.01 | 39 | 0.01 | 37 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.00 |
| Quezon City | 580,821 | 89.33 | 48,167 | 7.41 | 19,358 | 2.98 | 460 | 0.07 | 367 | 0.06 | 216 | 0.03 | 234 | 0.04 | 74 | 0.01 | 64 | 0.01 | 195 | 0.03 | 64 | 0.01 | 97 | 0.01 | 64 | 0.01 |
| Quirino | 37,005 | 94.96 | 1,918 | 4.92 | 38 | 0.10 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Rizal | 201,694 | 86.47 | 26,814 | 11.50 | 4,329 | 1.86 | 93 | 0.04 | 64 | 0.03 | 42 | 0.02 | 38 | 0.02 | 113 | 0.05 | 14 | 0.01 | 27 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.01 | 12 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.00 |
| Romblon | 67,721 | 94.44 | 3,463 | 4.83 | 473 | 0.66 | 8 | 0.01 | 22 | 0.03 | 4 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Roxas City | 42,020 | 90.84 | 2,974 | 6.43 | 1,263 | 2.73 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Samar | 164,566 | 98.59 | 1,611 | 0.97 | 736 | 0.44 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| San Carlos, Negros Occidental | 25,470 | 84.80 | 2,636 | 8.78 | 1,844 | 6.14 | 13 | 0.04 | 10 | 0.03 | 52 | 0.17 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 |
| San Carlos, Pangasinan | 35,887 | 91.17 | 3,261 | 8.28 | 166 | 0.42 | 12 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 |
| San Jose | 26,145 | 88.24 | 3,246 | 10.96 | 225 | 0.76 | 2 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| San Juan | 63,189 | 86.65 | 6,476 | 8.88 | 3,057 | 4.19 | 73 | 0.10 | 48 | 0.07 | 15 | 0.02 | 19 | 0.03 | 6 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 |
| San Pablo | 47,568 | 82.05 | 8,950 | 15.44 | 1,341 | 2.31 | 20 | 0.03 | 34 | 0.06 | 21 | 0.04 | 6 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.01 | 9 | 0.02 | 5 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 |
| Silay | 37,895 | 99.52 | 144 | 0.38 | 37 | 0.10 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Siquijor | 27,935 | 89.51 | 2,006 | 6.43 | 1,247 | 4.00 | 7 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Sorsogon | 129,830 | 73.42 | 45,432 | 25.69 | 1,194 | 0.68 | 40 | 0.02 | 80 | 0.05 | 56 | 0.03 | 19 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.01 | 45 | 0.03 | 11 | 0.01 | 15 | 0.01 | 87 | 0.05 | 4 | 0.00 |
| South Cotabato | 153,454 | 75.46 | 39,549 | 19.45 | 10,142 | 4.99 | 26 | 0.01 | 46 | 0.02 | 22 | 0.01 | 28 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 33 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.00 | 22 | 0.01 | 16 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.00 |
| Southern Leyte | 142,989 | 96.38 | 3,175 | 2.14 | 2,200 | 1.48 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Sultan Kudarat | 89,564 | 85.70 | 13,680 | 13.09 | 1,147 | 1.10 | 16 | 0.02 | 17 | 0.02 | 50 | 0.05 | 3 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Sulu | 125,976 | 96.69 | 3,748 | 2.88 | 382 | 0.29 | 19 | 0.01 | 30 | 0.02 | 22 | 0.02 | 12 | 0.01 | 17 | 0.01 | 24 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.01 | 15 | 0.01 | 18 | 0.01 | 13 | 0.01 |
| Surigao City | 26,388 | 84.62 | 2,767 | 8.87 | 1,965 | 6.30 | 17 | 0.05 | 12 | 0.04 | 8 | 0.03 | 3 | 0.01 | 11 | 0.04 | 7 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Surigao del Norte | 104,644 | 87.28 | 9,510 | 7.93 | 5,632 | 4.70 | 28 | 0.02 | 30 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Surigao del Sur | 92,663 | 73.55 | 20,771 | 16.49 | 12,108 | 9.61 | 84 | 0.07 | 67 | 0.05 | 69 | 0.05 | 33 | 0.03 | 36 | 0.03 | 62 | 0.05 | 15 | 0.01 | 38 | 0.03 | 32 | 0.03 | 10 | 0.01 |
| Tacloban | 58,614 | 98.27 | 703 | 1.18 | 330 | 0.55 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Tagaytay | 8,181 | 98.16 | 138 | 1.66 | 15 | 0.18 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Tagbilaran City | 15,300 | 80.62 | 822 | 4.33 | 2,818 | 14.85 | 9 | 0.05 | 12 | 0.06 | 3 | 0.02 | 3 | 0.02 | 6 | 0.03 | 1 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.01 |
| Taguig | 45,037 | 86.90 | 5,705 | 11.01 | 1,017 | 1.96 | 20 | 0.04 | 9 | 0.02 | 19 | 0.04 | 5 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 |
| Tangub | 13,973 | 96.81 | 310 | 2.15 | 144 | 1.00 | 1 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Tarlac | 294,750 | 97.12 | 7,427 | 2.45 | 1,236 | 0.41 | 28 | 0.01 | 18 | 0.01 | 7 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Tawi-Tawi | 33,331 | 100.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Toledo | 31,354 | 84.80 | 2,121 | 5.74 | 3,455 | 9.34 | 18 | 0.05 | 2 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Trece Martires | 5,236 | 100.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Valenzuela | 73,320 | 83.52 | 12,458 | 14.19 | 1,860 | 2.12 | 51 | 0.06 | 23 | 0.03 | 18 | 0.02 | 15 | 0.02 | 7 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 12 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 5 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Zambales | 124,609 | 96.62 | 3,759 | 2.91 | 515 | 0.40 | 3 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.00 | 63 | 0.05 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Zamboanga City | 78,495 | 83.31 | 13,264 | 14.08 | 2,191 | 2.33 | 36 | 0.04 | 67 | 0.07 | 56 | 0.06 | 17 | 0.02 | 11 | 0.01 | 36 | 0.04 | 11 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.01 | 11 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 |
| Zamboanga del Norte | 97,141 | 88.74 | 8,367 | 7.64 | 3,888 | 3.55 | 16 | 0.01 | 14 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.00 | 6 | 0.01 | 8 | 0.01 | 4 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.00 |
| Zamboanga del Sur | 207,311 | 80.79 | 36,153 | 14.09 | 12,258 | 4.78 | 149 | 0.06 | 242 | 0.09 | 196 | 0.08 | 63 | 0.02 | 46 | 0.02 | 50 | 0.02 | 14 | 0.01 | 51 | 0.02 | 26 | 0.01 | 32 | 0.01 |
| Total | 18,309,360 | 88.02 | 1,716,449 | 8.25 | 749,845 | 3.60 | 6,499 | 0.03 | 4,955 | 0.02 | 4,224 | 0.02 | 1,954 | 0.01 | 1,945 | 0.01 | 1,740 | 0.01 | 1,421 | 0.01 | 1,234 | 0.01 | 1,185 | 0.01 | 592 | 0.00 |
| Source: Commission on Elections[4] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Like the presidential election, the measure was carried by overwhelming margins, but notably a large majority inMuntinlupa and a smaller majority inMarawi rejected the measure; it was otherwise carried other places canvassed by the Batasang Pambansa.
| Choice | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
 Yes | 16,268,523 | 81.09 |
| No | 3,793,322 | 18.91 |
| Valid votes | 20,061,845 | 91.84 |
| Invalid or blank votes | 1,781,984 | 8.16 |
| Total votes | 21,843,829 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 26,986,451 | 80.94 |
| Source:Proclamation No. 2094, s. 1981 | ||
| 1981 Philippine barangay referendum results (excluding invalid votes) | |
|---|---|
| Yes 16,268,523 (81.1%) | |
| ▲ 50% | |
| Province/City | Yes | % | No | % | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abra | 75,348 | 88.40% | 9,889 | 11.60% | 85,237 |
| Agusan del Norte | 71,803 | 83.74% | 13,946 | 16.26% | 85,749 |
| Agusan del Sur | 75,720 | 82.04% | 16,571 | 17.96% | 92,291 |
| Aklan | 104,436 | 78.24% | 29,038 | 21.76% | 133,474 |
| Albay | 209,958 | 82.85% | 43,452 | 17.15% | 253,410 |
| Angeles City | 54,054 | 85.70% | 9,016 | 14.30% | 63,070 |
| Antique | 113,333 | 71.22% | 45,796 | 28.78% | 159,129 |
| Aurora | 27,961 | 74.78% | 9,428 | 25.22% | 37,389 |
| Bacolod City | 103,869 | 82.06% | 22,708 | 17.94% | 126,577 |
| Bago | 29,835 | 74.49% | 10,218 | 25.51% | 40,053 |
| Baguio | 49,448 | 85.40% | 8,455 | 14.60% | 57,903 |
| Bais | 15,819 | 81.47% | 3,599 | 18.53% | 19,418 |
| Basilan | 45,758 | 77.82% | 13,042 | 22.18% | 58,800 |
| Bataan | 115,717 | 85.37% | 19,824 | 14.63% | 135,541 |
| Batanes | 3,660 | 87.60% | 518 | 12.40% | 4,178 |
| Batangas | 307,990 | 75.73% | 98,695 | 24.27% | 406,685 |
| Batangas City | 46,368 | 79.37% | 12,052 | 20.63% | 58,420 |
| Benguet | 78,242 | 77.45% | 22,787 | 22.55% | 101,029 |
| Bohol | 284,571 | 84.05% | 53,984 | 15.95% | 338,555 |
| Bukidnon | 162,054 | 81.27% | 37,339 | 18.73% | 199,393 |
| Bulacan | 385,518 | 84.68% | 69,766 | 15.32% | 455,284 |
| Butuan | 57,128 | 86.41% | 8,983 | 13.59% | 66,111 |
| Cabanatuan | 49,215 | 89.44% | 5,810 | 10.56% | 55,025 |
| Cadiz | 51,271 | 85.92% | 8,400 | 14.08% | 59,671 |
| Cagayan | 241,410 | 74.10% | 84,366 | 25.90% | 325,776 |
| Cagayan de Oro | 79,992 | 84.71% | 14,433 | 15.29% | 94,425 |
| Calbayog | 35,527 | 86.16% | 5,709 | 13.84% | 41,236 |
| Caloocan | 173,165 | 84.54% | 31,660 | 15.46% | 204,825 |
| Camarines Norte | 66,338 | 79.00% | 17,632 | 21.00% | 83,970 |
| Camarines Sur | 258,506 | 76.90% | 77,632 | 23.10% | 336,138 |
| Camiguin | 21,548 | 87.64% | 3,039 | 12.36% | 24,587 |
| Canlaon | 9,332 | 83.66% | 1,823 | 16.34% | 11,155 |
| Capiz | 112,714 | 69.95% | 48,418 | 30.05% | 161,132 |
| Catanduanes | 61,973 | 85.76% | 10,287 | 14.24% | 72,260 |
| Cavite | 181,276 | 64.31% | 100,602 | 35.69% | 281,878 |
| Cavite City | 39,334 | 86.58% | 6,099 | 13.42% | 45,433 |
| Cebu | 451,192 | 80.68% | 108,049 | 19.32% | 559,241 |
| Cebu City | 270,575 | 94.23% | 16,553 | 5.77% | 287,128 |
| Cotabato City | 23,476 | 84.27% | 4,383 | 15.73% | 27,859 |
| Dagupan | 38,443 | 89.60% | 4,464 | 10.40% | 42,907 |
| Danao | 49,356 | 96.26% | 1,916 | 3.74% | 51,272 |
| Dapitan | 18,297 | 82.06% | 3,999 | 17.94% | 22,296 |
| Davao City | 128,028 | 79.34% | 33,335 | 20.66% | 161,363 |
| Davao del Norte | 211,333 | 76.55% | 64,754 | 23.45% | 276,087 |
| Davao del Sur | 126,691 | 79.49% | 32,696 | 20.51% | 159,387 |
| Davao Oriental | 100,175 | 82.27% | 21,584 | 17.73% | 121,759 |
| Dipolog | 20,040 | 71.35% | 8,048 | 28.65% | 28,088 |
| Dumaguete | 23,860 | 81.56% | 5,395 | 18.44% | 29,255 |
| Eastern Samar | 142,199 | 98.98% | 1,459 | 1.02% | 143,658 |
| General Santos | 48,544 | 77.55% | 14,052 | 22.45% | 62,596 |
| Gingoog | 26,025 | 83.29% | 5,223 | 16.71% | 31,248 |
| Ifugao | 26,405 | 69.69% | 11,482 | 30.31% | 37,887 |
| Iligan City | 51,067 | 84.64% | 9,264 | 15.36% | 60,331 |
| Ilocos Norte | 155,515 | 89.64% | 17,980 | 10.36% | 173,495 |
| Ilocos Sur | 196,979 | 85.92% | 32,276 | 14.08% | 229,255 |
| Iloilo | 406,918 | 76.04% | 128,213 | 23.96% | 535,131 |
| Iloilo City | 118,397 | 72.28% | 45,412 | 27.72% | 163,809 |
| Iriga City | 23,765 | 86.49% | 3,711 | 13.51% | 27,476 |
| Isabela | 341,115 | 88.91% | 42,569 | 11.09% | 383,684 |
| Kalinga-Apayao | 63,301 | 69.58% | 27,673 | 30.42% | 90,974 |
| La Carlota City | 27,267 | 87.84% | 3,776 | 12.16% | 31,043 |
| La Union | 230,516 | 84.17% | 43,349 | 15.83% | 273,865 |
| Laguna | 227,928 | 78.84% | 61,180 | 21.16% | 289,108 |
| Lanao del Norte | 85,853 | 77.32% | 25,176 | 22.68% | 111,029 |
| Lanao del Sur | 134,466 | 65.12% | 72,039 | 34.88% | 206,505 |
| Laoag City | 35,160 | 90.63% | 3,633 | 9.37% | 38,793 |
| Lapu-Lapu City | 38,394 | 84.70% | 6,938 | 15.30% | 45,332 |
| Las Piñas | 46,098 | 84.20% | 8,649 | 15.80% | 54,747 |
| Legazpi City | 36,156 | 82.61% | 7,610 | 17.39% | 43,766 |
| Leyte | 484,538 | 93.11% | 35,853 | 6.89% | 520,391 |
| Lipa City | 44,226 | 84.84% | 7,900 | 15.16% | 52,126 |
| Lucena City | 37,427 | 83.35% | 7,475 | 16.65% | 44,902 |
| Maguindanao | 163,076 | 72.99% | 60,342 | 27.01% | 223,418 |
| Makati | 84,150 | 70.23% | 35,674 | 29.77% | 119,824 |
| Malabon | 94,277 | 84.71% | 17,014 | 15.29% | 111,291 |
| Mandaluyong | 72,826 | 68.39% | 33,657 | 31.61% | 106,483 |
| Mandaue City | 43,300 | 85.38% | 7,416 | 14.62% | 50,716 |
| Manila | 699,432 | 85.24% | 121,158 | 14.76% | 820,590 |
| Marawi City | 11,600 | 46.90% | 13,134 | 53.10% | 24,734 |
| Marikina | 74,569 | 86.13% | 12,009 | 13.87% | 86,578 |
| Marinduque | 66,406 | 84.57% | 12,117 | 15.43% | 78,523 |
| Masbate | 171,991 | 85.36% | 29,503 | 14.64% | 201,494 |
| Misamis Occidental | 75,352 | 82.15% | 16,369 | 17.85% | 91,721 |
| Misamis Oriental | 124,987 | 83.21% | 25,223 | 16.79% | 150,210 |
| Mountain Province | 28,741 | 83.68% | 5,606 | 16.32% | 34,347 |
| Muntinlupa | 14,532 | 18.55% | 63,805 | 81.45% | 78,337 |
| Naga City | 32,039 | 85.12% | 5,602 | 14.88% | 37,641 |
| Navotas | 45,637 | 90.08% | 5,027 | 9.92% | 50,664 |
| Negros Occidental | 318,634 | 76.85% | 96,008 | 23.15% | 414,642 |
| Negros Oriental | 207,909 | 83.56% | 40,908 | 16.44% | 248,817 |
| North Cotabato | 195,220 | 81.38% | 44,662 | 18.62% | 239,882 |
| Northern Samar | 110,531 | 84.60% | 20,114 | 15.40% | 130,645 |
| Nueva Ecija | 269,078 | 80.77% | 64,077 | 19.23% | 333,155 |
| Nueva Vizcaya | 91,965 | 78.84% | 24,682 | 21.16% | 116,647 |
| Occidental Mindoro | 52,804 | 85.44% | 8,995 | 14.56% | 61,799 |
| Olongapo City | 61,506 | 77.15% | 18,217 | 22.85% | 79,723 |
| Oriental Mindoro | 145,221 | 85.92% | 23,791 | 14.08% | 169,012 |
| Ormoc City | 48,330 | 98.45% | 761 | 1.55% | 49,091 |
| Oroquieta City | 16,186 | 82.10% | 3,529 | 17.90% | 19,715 |
| Ozamiz City | 25,355 | 78.45% | 6,965 | 21.55% | 32,320 |
| Pagadian City | 22,538 | 80.91% | 5,319 | 19.09% | 27,857 |
| Palawan | 82,003 | 83.90% | 15,735 | 16.10% | 97,738 |
| Palayan City | 8,181 | 82.11% | 1,782 | 17.89% | 9,963 |
| Pampanga | 280,741 | 80.34% | 68,714 | 19.66% | 349,455 |
| Pangasinan | 569,883 | 88.90% | 71,132 | 11.10% | 641,015 |
| Parañaque | 108,216 | 85.18% | 18,825 | 14.82% | 127,041 |
| Pasay City | 116,428 | 77.37% | 34,062 | 22.63% | 150,490 |
| Pasig | 85,510 | 84.65% | 15,508 | 15.35% | 101,018 |
| Pateros | 16,704 | 81.48% | 3,796 | 18.52% | 20,500 |
| Puerto Princesa City | 22,407 | 87.79% | 3,115 | 12.21% | 25,522 |
| Quezon | 278,706 | 81.56% | 62,996 | 18.44% | 341,702 |
| Quezon City | 468,821 | 73.93% | 165,349 | 26.07% | 634,170 |
| Quirino | 30,772 | 79.93% | 7,728 | 20.07% | 38,500 |
| Rizal | 198,945 | 88.60% | 25,596 | 11.40% | 224,541 |
| Romblon | 62,993 | 85.01% | 11,104 | 14.99% | 74,097 |
| Roxas City | 26,085 | 80.90% | 6,159 | 19.10% | 32,244 |
| Samar | 98,334 | 82.55% | 20,792 | 17.45% | 119,126 |
| San Carlos City, Negros Occidental | 25,415 | 86.75% | 3,882 | 13.25% | 29,297 |
| San Carlos City, Pangasinan | 32,426 | 81.56% | 7,329 | 18.44% | 39,755 |
| San Jose City | 27,464 | 90.88% | 2,756 | 9.12% | 30,220 |
| San Juan | 59,500 | 80.27% | 14,621 | 19.73% | 74,121 |
| San Pablo City | 49,879 | 81.98% | 10,964 | 18.02% | 60,843 |
| Silay City | 28,473 | 77.17% | 8,422 | 22.83% | 36,895 |
| Siquijor | 26,807 | 81.42% | 6,118 | 18.58% | 32,925 |
| Sorsogon | 154,603 | 85.27% | 26,708 | 14.73% | 181,311 |
| South Cotabato | 147,860 | 72.48% | 56,148 | 27.52% | 204,008 |
| Southern Leyte | 145,189 | 97.86% | 3,175 | 2.14% | 148,364 |
| Sultan Kudarat | 86,585 | 85.83% | 14,290 | 14.17% | 100,875 |
| Sulu | 95,311 | 74.88% | 31,980 | 25.12% | 127,291 |
| Surigao City | 28,015 | 87.67% | 3,941 | 12.33% | 31,956 |
| Surigao del Norte | 110,183 | 88.29% | 14,608 | 11.71% | 124,791 |
| Surigao del Sur | 104,787 | 81.39% | 23,967 | 18.61% | 128,754 |
| Tacloban City | 58,945 | 99.01% | 590 | 0.99% | 59,535 |
| Tagaytay City | 5,231 | 63.78% | 2,970 | 36.22% | 8,201 |
| Tagbilaran City | 15,034 | 76.31% | 4,666 | 23.69% | 19,700 |
| Taguig | 45,214 | 86.71% | 6,930 | 13.29% | 52,144 |
| Tangub City | 10,433 | 71.00% | 4,261 | 29.00% | 14,694 |
| Tarlac | 233,144 | 93.37% | 16,548 | 6.63% | 249,692 |
| Tawi-Tawi | 45,610 | 77.01% | 13,616 | 22.99% | 59,226 |
| Toledo City | 27,486 | 71.87% | 10,759 | 28.13% | 38,245 |
| Trece Martires City | 3,218 | 61.42% | 2,021 | 38.58% | 5,239 |
| Valenzuela | 53,337 | 83.95% | 10,198 | 16.05% | 63,535 |
| Zambales | 111,470 | 87.07% | 16,548 | 12.93% | 128,018 |
| Zamboanga City | 73,896 | 78.86% | 19,812 | 21.14% | 93,708 |
| Zamboanga del Norte | 91,490 | 81.79% | 20,365 | 18.21% | 111,855 |
| Zamboanga del Sur | 208,751 | 79.81% | 52,804 | 20.19% | 261,555 |
| Total | 16,268,523 | 81.55% | 3,793,322 | 18.45% | 19,886,751 |
| Source: Commission on Elections[5] | |||||
Marcos wasinaugurated on June 30, 1981, at theQuirino Grandstand, with then-United States Vice PresidentGeorge H. W. Bush in attendance. This is when Bush made the infamous praise for Marcos: "We love your adherence to democratic principles and to the democratic process."[6]
Barangay elections were indeed held onMay 17, 1982.
On August 21, 1983, SenatorAquino returned from exile in the United States, but wasassassinated atManila International Airport. Growing unrest followed, and Marcos was forced to call thesnap election of 1986, where UNIDO andPartido Demokratiko Pilipino–Lakas ng Bayan (PDP–Laban) participated and nominated Aquino's widowCorazon Aquino as their presidential nominee. Marcos claimed victory over Aquino despite reports of massive cheating, but he wasremoved from power a few hours after hisoath-taking on February 25, 1986.
| General elections | |
|---|---|
| Presidential elections | |
| Senate elections | |
| House elections | |
| Constitutional conventions | |
| Local elections | |
| Barangay elections | |
| Referendums | |
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