| Event | 1936 Summer Olympics | ||||||
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| Date | 8 August 1936 | ||||||
| Venue | Hertha Platz,Berlin | ||||||
| Referee | Thoralf Kristiansen (Norway) | ||||||
| Attendance | 5,000 | ||||||
Peru vAustria was afootball match played on 8 August 1936 during theSummer Olympics atHertha Platz inBerlin. The match became notable for causing controversy after it was annulled because of a pitch invasion from Peruvian supporters who had assaulted the Austrian players. Peru had threeextra time goals disallowed by the referee and ended up winning the match 4–2.[1]
After the incidents,FIFA ordered the match to be played again without attending. As the Peruvian representatives could not appeal the decision the team withdrew without attending the replay (following an order of presidentÓscar R. Benavides),[2] Austria were declared winners and advanced to the semifinals.[1]
In the first stage of the tournament, Peru (whose squad comprised members ofAlianza Lima,Universitario de Deportes and1935 league championsSport Boys)[3] defeatedFinland 7–3 (withLolo Fernández scoring five goals),[4] while Austria beatEgypt 3–1.[4]
Walter Werginz opened the scoring for Austria in the 23rd minute, to give the Austrian side a one-goal lead. Shortly after, in the 37th minute of action,Klement Steinmetz put a ball past Peruvian keeperJuan Valdivieso to double Austria's early lead. After 45 minutes of play, the scoreline was 0–2 in favour of the Austrians.
Trailing 0–2, with elimination from the tournament at stake, the Peruvians entered the second half with renewed determination. In the 75th minute, they scored their first goal throughJorge Alcalde. Six minutes later, in the 81st minute of play,Alejandro Villanueva scored the equalizer. The remaining minutes of the match saw no further scoring, and the match went to extra time.
During extra time, Peru netted the ball five times, but three goals were disallowed by the referee and they went on to win 4–2.[5][6]
       Peru |  Austria |
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Assistant referees: |
The Austrians demanded a rematch on the grounds that Peruvian fans had stormed the field, which then did not meet the requirements for a football game.[6][7] Austria further claimed that the Peruvian players had manhandled the Austrians and that spectators, one holding a revolver, had "swarmed down on the field."[8] Peru was summoned on this issue but were delayed by a Nazi parade.[6] FIFA accepted that the pitch had been invaded and that an Austrian player had been assaulted.[9]
The Peruvian arguments were not heard, the Olympic Committee andFIFA ruled in favour of Austria, ordering a rematch inside closed doors, initially for 10 August, but later rescheduled for 11 August.
As a protest against these actions, which the Peruvians deemed as insulting and discriminatory, the entire Olympic delegations of Peru andColombia left Germany.[10][11] Argentina,Chile,Uruguay, andMexico expressed their solidarity with Peru.[8] Miguel Dasso, a member of the Peruvian Olympic Committee, stated: "We have no faith in European athletics. We have come here and found a bunch of merchants."[12] The game was awarded to Austria by default.[8] When the Peruvian team and delegation came back toCallao, they were warmly welcomed by thousands of people who acclaimed them as the true champions.[9]
In Peru, angry crowds protested against the decisions of the Olympic Committee by tearing down an Olympic flag, throwing stones at the German consulate, refusing to load German vessels in the docks of Callao, and listening to inflammatory speeches which included PresidentOscar Benavides Larrea's mention of "the crafty Berlin decision."[8] It is speculated thatAdolf Hitler and theNazi authorities might have had some involvement in this situation, though this was not claimed at the time.[11]
Peru was coached byAlberto Denegri,[13] whereas Austria was managed by EnglishmanJames Hogan. Austria won silver in the tournament. Three years later Peru won the1939 South American Championship.
Uruguayan writerEduardo Galeano referred to the match as "the history of dignity", stating that the Olympic Committee ruled that the match had to be played again alleging that they could not allow a team formed bymestizos defeat anaryan race squad whennazism was in full swing.[2]
In 2014, it was announced that a 10-part miniseries (namedGoleadores) produced by French Michel Gómez and inspired on the match, would be made.[14] Gómez stated that it "was based on real facts because FIFA was under pressure from the Nazi government to annull the game.[15] The miniseries was starred by Peruvian and Argentine actors and filmed inLima.[16]
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