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| 1930's coup d'état | |||||||
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.png) Images of the coup d'état perpetrated in Argentina in 1930 | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 José Félix Uriburu |  Hipólito YrigoyenEnrique Martínez | ||||||
The1930 coup d'état, also known as theSeptember Revolution by its supporters, involved the overthrow of the Argentine government ofHipólito Yrigoyen by forces loyal to GeneralJosé Félix Uriburu. The coup took place on 6 September 1930 when Uriburu led a small detachment of troops into the capital, experiencing no substantial opposition and taking control of theCasa Rosada.[1] Large crowds formed inBuenos Aires in support of the coup.[2] Uriburu's forces took control of the capital and arrestedRadical Civic Union supporters.[1]
There were no casualties in the coup.[3][4] Future Argentinean PresidentJuan Perón took part in the coup on the side of Uriburu.[5]
The coup led to the end of constitutional government in Argentina and the establishment of a military dictatorship.[6][7] Argentine politics would be characterized by considerable political instability (weak democracies, coups, military dictatorships) into the 1980s.[6]
In the lead up to the coup, the Yrigoyen government brought more power into the presidency and away from the legislature by sending large groups of his followers into the provinces, cutting off the Conservative support base.[8] By 1922, the democratic legitimacy of the government was in question and support for Argentine democracy had begun to waver.[8]
Uriburu's coup was supported by theNacionalistas.[1] Uriburu himself was part of theNacionalistaArgentine Patriotic League and had the support of a number ofNacionalista military officers.[3]Nacionalista plans for such a coup had been developing since 1927, when politicianJuan Carulla approached Uriburu for support of a coup to entrench an Argentine version of Fascist Italy'sCharter of Labour.[9] With the onset of theGreat Depression in 1929 that impacted Argentina, Yrigoyen lost political support as he retrenched government services which resulted in acceleration of unemployment.[3]
Opposition parties won the congressional elections of 1928 and 1930.[4]
Yrigoyen's consolidation of powers drew condemnation even from politically aligned parties, and the opposition parties formally protested his rule on 9 August, 1930.[10] On the 20th, this statement was joined by a similar protest issued by the opposing faction within the Radical Civic Union.[10]
In the aftermath of the coup, major changes to Argentinean politics and government took place, with Uriburu banning political parties, suspending elections, and suspending the1853 Constitution.[3] Uriburu proposed that Argentina be reorganized alongcorporatist andfascist lines. The coup marked the start of theInfamous Decade, a 13 year period during which the military ruled Argentina throughrepression,political corruption andelectoral fraud.[3]
